Indications for the use of massage. Massage. When is massage contraindicated? When mechanical influences on the back are contraindicated
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From journalist to massage therapist. This is only possible in the “Journalist Changes Profession” competition, which has been held in the Altai Territory for the third year in a row. They train media workers in various working professions. The correspondent is studying to become a massage therapist at the Department of Polyclinic Therapy and Medical Rehabilitation with a continuing professional education course at Altai State Medical University. Wellness massage, honey massage, children's massage, corrective massage, aroma massage, massage for osteochondrosis - this is still to come. We tell you what we managed to find out.
Organizers of the competition: Altai Construction magazine, Ministry of Education and Science of the Altai Territory, Barnaul-Spetsodezhda LLC.
Who can get a massage?
A professional massage therapist must ask you why you came for a massage, find out your chronic diseases, previous surgeries, whether you came as prescribed or advised by a doctor, or at your own request.
So, here are the general indications for massage:
- diseases of the cardiovascular system;
- injuries, diseases of the musculoskeletal system;
- respiratory diseases;
- diseases and damage to the nervous system;
- diseases of the ear, nose and throat;
- diseases of the digestive system;
- inflammatory diseases of male and female genital organs;
- skin diseases;
- eye diseases;
- metabolic disorders.
Of course, if you have no contraindications, then you can do a massage for general strengthening of the body, for relaxation, or vice versa, to increase tone.
Who shouldn't have a massage?
There are a number of contraindications for which massage is highly discouraged, or even prohibited. Here they are:
- acute febrile conditions;
- acute inflammatory processes;
- bleeding and tendency to it;
- blood diseases;
- purulent processes of any localization;
- various skin diseases (infectious, fungal etiology);
- thrombosis; significant varicose veins;
- trophic ulcers; atherosclerosis of peripheral vessels;
- thrombophlebitis;
- inflammation of the lymph nodes;
- active form of tuberculosis;
- benign and malignant tumors of various locations (before surgical treatment);
- mental illness;
- hypertensive and hypotensive crises;
- nausea;
- vomit;
- pain of unknown nature on palpation of the abdomen;
- pulmonary, cardiac, renal, liver failure.
In some cases, contraindications to massage and self-massage are temporary, for the period of exacerbation.
What kind of massage therapist should you be?
It just seems that massage is a simple matter and does not require special knowledge. But this is not true at all. A "bad job" can be useless, uncomfortable, or even dangerous.
By law, any activity related to human exposure and capable of causing harm to health must be licensed and certified.
So a massage therapist must have a medical education and a certificate in medical massage.
But even if a relative or friend gives you a massage and you are aware of his unprofessionalism, you need to know several important points for the procedure.
Whatever the massage, the person giving it to you should have warm hands. After all, you notice that one always has warm hands, and someone is like a frog, cold-blooded. Therefore, before touching someone's back, the massage therapist should warm up their hands by rubbing them. Oil or cream must also first be rubbed in your hands, and only then touched on the client’s body.
Massage is not only physical contact, but also energy exchange. Therefore, after the session, the massage therapist washes his hands in order to wash away other people’s energy.
By the way, some experts are sure: a woman should give a massage to a man, and a man to a woman.
Where on the human body can’t massage be done?
Massage can both excite and calm. The methods also depend on the goals.
Massage can be done almost anywhere: face, head, hands, neck-collar area, back, legs and so on. But the neck is a special area, and it must be treated with extreme care. But on the inner thigh and popliteal muscle, massage cannot be done at all due to the close location of a large number of lymph nodes to the surface.
CONTRAINDICATIONS TO MASSAGE
Before contacting a massage therapist, carefully check whether you have any contraindications to massage. Neglecting contraindications can significantly worsen your well-being. If you deliberately hide information about contraindications from a specialist, all responsibility for the consequences lies with you!
These contraindications apply to classical massage. If there are any contraindications, always consult a specialist; there are many schools, techniques and methods that will not only suit you, but will also be extremely necessary.
Absolute contraindications
1. Malignant blood diseases and hemophilia. 2. Malignant tumors (before their radical treatment). 3. Scurvy. 4. Gangrene. 5. Vascular thrombosis during its occurrence. 6. Angiitis. 7. Aneurysm of the heart, aorta, peripheral vessels. 8. Mental illnesses with significantly altered psyche. 9. Active form of tuberculosis. 10. Sexually transmitted diseases during the period of possibility of infection. 11. Osteomyelitis (inflammation of the bone marrow) acute and chronic. 12. Causalgic syndrome (burning pain) after injury to peripheral nerves. 13. Circulatory failure and pulmonary-heart failure of the III degree.
Temporary contraindications
1. Acute febrile conditions with elevated body temperature until the diagnosis is clarified. Flu, sore throat, acute respiratory infections (ARI) (acupressure allowed). 2. Bleeding and tendency to it (intestinal, uterine, nasal, from the urinary tract). 3. Purulent processes of any localization, pustular skin lesions. 4. Inflammation of the lymph nodes and blood vessels with their enlargement, adhesion to the skin and underlying tissues. 5. Multiple allergic skin rashes with hemorrhages. Quincke's edema. 6. Hypertensive, hypotonic, cerebral (cerebral vessels) crisis. 7. Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain. 8. Alcohol intoxication. 9. It should be noted that massage can be prescribed 2-5 days after a sore throat, flu, acute respiratory infection, as well as recovery from a purulent process of any localization, cessation of a crisis, or clarification of the diagnosis.
Contraindications for massage of certain parts of the body
1. It is not allowed to massage areas of the body affected by various diseases of infectious, fungal and unknown origin; any warts, various skin rashes, extensive damage, skin irritations, abrasions, cracks, herpes, molluscum. 2. For psoriasis, eczema, neurodermatitis, only the area of the rash is not massaged; the nearby area can be massaged. 3. For trophic ulcers on the toes in patients with sclerotic lesions of peripheral vessels, for endarteritis, do not massage the foot. 4. Do not massage areas where there are benign tumors; Distant areas can be massaged due to indications for massage for other diseases or injuries in a given patient, but only using a gentle, non-intensive method. 5. You cannot massage the area where there was previously a malignant tumor removed during surgery, radiation and chemotherapy. You can massage distant areas with concomitant diseases and injuries, but it is better in the long term: in children - after 2 years, in adults - after 5 years in the absence of metastases. 6. After removal of a malignant tumor of the mammary gland without metastases, if swelling of the arm occurs (as a postoperative complication), you can massage the arms at any time after the operation using a gentle, suction technique (can be done several times a year if swelling of the arm returns). The chest cannot be massaged. 7. In case of mastopathy, massage of the anterior surface of the chest is contraindicated. 8. If you have an ovarian cyst, fibroid, uterine fibroid, endometriosis, or prostate adenoma in men, you should not massage the lumbar region and abdomen. 9. Moles that protrude above the skin should not be massaged; they should be avoided; especially further away from moles that do not protrude above the skin, it should be massaged in cases where there is no hair on the moles (due to the danger of their possible degeneration into malignant neoplasms). 10. Do not massage the area where the veins are significantly dilated or bulging (varicose veins). For example, if the veins in the legs are dilated, you cannot massage the legs, but you can massage the lumbar and buttock areas in connection with this disease and other areas of the body with concomitant diseases. 11. For minor skin damage or allergic rashes, you can massage an area significantly distant from the site of the lesion. 12. On the days of normal menstruation, massage of the abdomen and lumbar region is not allowed. For scanty menstruation, it is recommended to massage. 13. In case of hernias, abdominal massage is not allowed; Allowed only for infants. 14. If you have stones in the gall bladder or urinary tract, you should not massage the abdomen or lumbar region. 15. During pregnancy, the postpartum period and after an abortion, massage of the abdomen, lumbar region and hips is contraindicated for 2 months. 16. Massage of the mammary glands is contraindicated for any disease, but it is advisable to use it in nursing mothers in the early stages after childbirth to increase milk production. 17. You cannot massage the groin, axillary area, navel, nipples.
Important point: Even during self-massage, it is not recommended to use vibrations if you have an intrauterine device, artificial valves and similar implants. Also, if there are stones in the liver or kidneys, vibration techniques are not indicated. During alcohol intoxication and acute inflammatory processes, the normal permeability of capillaries is disrupted, which leads to increased swelling during rubbing and warming.
Contraindications for massage divided into absolute and temporary.
Absolute diseases include diseases for which they are not prescribed. For temporary contraindications massage used after the disappearance of pathological phenomena, appropriate treatment, and clarification of the diagnosis.
There are also diseases and conditions for which it is contraindicated massage certain areas of the body.
Absolute contraindications
- Malignant blood diseases and hemophilia.
- Malignant tumors (before their radical treatment).
- Scurvy.
- Gangrene.
- Vascular thrombosis during its occurrence.
- Angiitis.
- Aneurysm of the heart, aorta, peripheral vessels.
- Mental illnesses with significantly altered psyche.
- Active form of tuberculosis.
- Venereal diseases during the period of possibility of infection.
- Osteomyelitis (inflammation of the bone marrow) acute and chronic.
- Causalgic syndrome (burning pain) after injury to peripheral nerves.
- Circulatory failure and pulmonary heart failure of the III degree.
- AIDS.
Temporary contraindications
- Acute febrile conditions with elevated body temperature until the diagnosis is clarified. Flu, sore throat, acute respiratory infections (ARI) (acupressure allowed).
- Bleeding and tendency to it (intestinal, uterine, nasal, from the urinary tract).
- Purulent processes of any localization, pustular skin lesions.
- Inflammation of the lymph nodes and blood vessels with their enlargement, adhesion to the skin and underlying tissues.
- Multiple allergic skin rashes with hemorrhages. Quincke's edema.
- Hypertensive, hypotonic, cerebral (cerebral vessels) crisis.
- Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain.
- Alcohol intoxication.
- It should be noted that massage can be prescribed 2-5 days after a sore throat, flu, acute respiratory infection, as well as recovery from a purulent process of any localization, cessation of a crisis, or clarification of the diagnosis.
Contraindications for massage of certain parts of the body
- It is not allowed to massage areas of the body affected by various diseases of infectious, fungal and unknown origin; any warts, various skin rashes, extensive damage, skin irritations, abrasions, cracks, herpes, molluscum.
- For psoriasis, eczema, and neurodermatitis, only the area of the rash is not massaged; the nearby area can be massaged.
- For trophic ulcers on the toes in patients with sclerotic lesions of peripheral vessels, for endarteritis, do not massage the foot.
- Do not massage areas where there are benign tumors; Distant areas can be massaged due to indications for massage for other diseases or injuries in a given patient, but only using a gentle, non-intensive method.
- You cannot massage the area where there was previously a malignant tumor that was removed during surgery, radiation and chemotherapy. You can massage distant areas with concomitant diseases and injuries, but it is better in the long term: in children - after 2 years, in adults - after 5 years in the absence of metastases.
- After removal of a malignant tumor of the mammary gland without metastases, if swelling of the arm occurs (as a postoperative complication), you can massage the arms at any time after the operation using a gentle, suction technique (can be done several times a year if swelling of the arm returns). The chest cannot be massaged.
- In case of mastopathy, massage of the anterior surface of the chest is contraindicated.
- If you have an ovarian cyst, fibroid, uterine fibroid, endometriosis, or prostate adenoma in men, you should not massage the lumbar region and abdomen.
- Moles that protrude above the skin should not be massaged; they should be avoided; especially further away from moles that do not protrude above the skin, it should be massaged in cases where there is no hair on the moles (due to the danger of their possible degeneration into malignant neoplasms).
- Do not massage an area where veins are significantly dilated or bulging (varicose veins). For example, if the veins in the legs are dilated, you cannot massage the legs, but you can massage the lumbar and buttock areas in connection with this disease and other areas of the body with concomitant diseases.
- For minor skin damage or allergic rashes, you can massage an area significantly distant from the site of the lesion.
- On the days of normal menstruation, massage of the abdomen and lumbar region is not allowed. For scanty menstruation, it is recommended to massage.
- In case of hernias, abdominal massage is not allowed; Allowed only for infants.
- If you have stones in the gall bladder or urinary tract, you should not massage the abdomen or lumbar region.
- During pregnancy, the postpartum period and after an abortion, massage of the abdomen, lumbar region and hips is contraindicated for 2 months.
- Massage of the mammary glands is contraindicated for any disease, but it is advisable to use it in nursing mothers in the early stages after childbirth to increase milk production.
- Do not massage the groin, axillary areas, navel, or nipples.
All about massage Vladimir Ivanovich Vasichkin
Indications and contraindications for the use (prescription) of massage
Massage and self-massage are indicated for all healthy people; they are also used for various diseases. Massage and self-massage can be used either separately or in combination with other types of treatment. Indications for prescribing massage during various periods of a person’s illness or condition are wide. General indications are given here. The relevant sections provide a complete description of the types of massage for various diseases
Indications
Diseases of the cardiovascular system: coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, including after surgical treatment, post-infarction cardiosclerosis, hypertension and arterial hypotension, functional neurogenic disorders of the cardiovascular system, myocardial dystrophy, infectious-allergic myocarditis, heart defects, diseases of the arteries and veins.
Respiratory diseases: tonsillitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, vasomotor and allergic rhinitis, chronic nonspecific lung diseases, chronic pneumonia and bronchitis, emphysema, pneumosclerosis, bronchial asthma without exacerbation, pleurisy.
Injuries, diseases of the musculoskeletal system: rheumatoid arthritis and other damage to the ligamentous apparatus of the joint, dislocations, tendinitis, tendovaginitis, paratenonitis, periostitis, degenerative processes in the joints, ankylosing spondylitis, osteochondrosis of various parts of the spine, bruises, sprains, spinal curvatures, flat feet, poor posture.
Diseases and damage to the nervous system: trauma to the nervous system, consequences of cerebrovascular accident, residual effects of poliomyelitis with spastic and flaccid paralysis, cerebral atherosclerosis with chronic cerebral circulatory failure, cerebral palsy, neuralgia, neuritis, plexitis, radiculitis with degenerative processes in the intervertebral discs, parkinsonism, diencephalic syndromes, solaritis , polyneuritis.
Digestive diseases outside the acute phase: colitis, intestinal dyskinesia, gastritis, gastric prolapse (gastroptosis), peptic ulcer (without a tendency to bleeding), liver and gallbladder diseases (gallbladder dyskinesia), as well as conditions after cholecystectomy and operations for gastric ulcer and duodenum.
Inflammatory diseases of male and female genital organs in the subacute and chronic stages: chronic urethritis, prostatitis, vesiculitis, incorrect positions and displacements of the uterus and vagina, anatomical inferiority of the uterus (congenital and acquired), its functional inferiority, anatomical and functional insufficiency of the ligamentous apparatus of the pelvic floor, as well as pain in the sacral area, coccyx, in the area of the uterus and ovaries during the intermenstrual period.
Skin diseases: seborrhea of the scalp, acne of the face and torso, psoriasis, lichen planus, scleroderma, ichthyosis, hair loss, neurodermatitis.
Diseases of the ear, nose and throat: sore throat, pharyngitis, laryngitis, rhinitis, nosebleeds.
Eye diseases: glaucoma, keratitis, conjunctivitis, optic neuritis.
Metabolic disorders: excessive obesity, diabetes, gout.
Massage is also used for headaches and sleep disturbances, sexual weakness, dental disease and increased irritability. Massage and self-massage are widely indicated for various ailments.
Contraindications
Massage and self-massage are contraindicated in acute febrile conditions, acute inflammatory processes, bleeding and a tendency towards it, blood diseases, purulent processes of any location, various skin diseases (infectious, fungal etiology), gangrene, acute inflammation, thrombosis, significant varicose veins, trophic ulcers, atherosclerosis of peripheral vessels, thromboangiitis in combination with atherosclerosis of cerebral vessels, vascular aneurysms, thrombophlebitis, inflammation of the lymph nodes, active form of tuberculosis, syphilis, chronic osteomyelitis, benign and malignant tumors of various locations (before surgical treatment).
Contraindications to massage are also unbearable pain after injury (causalgic syndrome), mental illness, circulatory failure of the third degree, hypertensive and hypotensive crises, nausea, vomiting, pain of an unknown nature on palpation of the abdomen, bronchiectasis, pulmonary, cardiac, renal, and liver failure. It must be emphasized that in some cases, contraindications to massage and self-massage are temporary and occur in the acute period of the disease or during an exacerbation of a chronic disease.
Issues related to the appointment of massage require adherence to medical ethics and tact. When prescribing a massage, the doctor indicates in what combination with other procedures its types should be used, constantly monitors the patient, and the massage therapist must inform the doctor about all deviations. This approach to the use of massage makes this method the most effective in treating various diseases and injuries.
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Most often, back massage is resorted to when diagnosing certain back problems - pain and stiffness of movement, noise in the head, which do not allow you to move normally and live a full life. It is at this moment that the thought arises in your head: isn’t it time to resort to a back massage to eliminate negative symptoms and treat many health problems?
Benefits, harms and contraindications of back massage
Is a back massage useful for coughing, will it help get rid of noise in the temples, back pain, what are the restrictions on massage during menstruation, its benefits and harms - let's look at everything in more detail.
Back massage
Indications for treatment procedures
Speaking about what this medical procedure is, then, in its general understanding, it is the most accessible and widespread method of having a positive effect on the body, as well as its improvement. The essence of massage is a mechanical effect on one or another part of the body using the hands. The benefits of back massage for the body are very great.
To be more specific, why a back massage is needed for a woman and a man, it is prescribed for the following factors:
To prevent and treat JOINT DISEASES, our regular reader uses the increasingly popular NON-SURGERY treatment method recommended by leading German and Israeli orthopedists. After carefully reviewing it, we decided to offer it to your attention.
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With scoliosis, muscle hypertonicity is relieved and not only the pain syndrome is eliminated, but also the pinching of nerve endings, when headaches and tinnitus bother you. For osteochondrosis, back massage helps not only to relax the muscles, but also to restore mobility to the vertebrae.
The benefit of back massage is that with the help of the mechanical influence of the hands on the spine, muscle tone improves - they better perform their functions of maintaining the main frame of the person and the spine. Among other things, blood pressure and breathing are normalized, metabolic processes are stabilized and the general emotional state is improved.
Possible harm from procedures
For all its benefits, massage has its own indications and contraindications for each patient. If we talk about possible harm, doctors highlight the following points.
Massage of the back and neck area should only be performed by a specialist with a medical education and relevant skills. Before the session, the massage therapist clarifies the patient’s general well-being, the presence of chronic diseases, as well as diseases that are in the acute stage, inflammation or increased body temperature. If there is an open wound on the body, massage is also not performed, as in the case of diagnosing a particular mental illness.
Doing a back massage during menstruation is strictly prohibited
Is it possible to do a back massage during menstruation? Of course, inexperienced massage therapists may say that you can do a back massage during menstruation - this is a big mistake and an indicator of the incompetence of the massage therapist.
Any back massage is not performed during menstruation - it is simply contraindicated. The thing is that during menstruation in women, any massage of the abdomen and pelvis, lumbar back can increase blood flow and cause irreparable harm to the body, and provoke huge blood losses. During menstruation, it is worth postponing back massage sessions for a certain time.
Incorrect actions, hand position and movements of the massage therapist can provoke the appearance of new foci of pain, provoking increased blood flow, which can provoke internal or external bleeding, which is especially dangerous, for example, during menstruation. If you do not know how to properly massage, strong pressure on your hands can cause pinching of the nerve roots of the spine, and this, in turn, causes curvature and paralysis.
Is it possible to do massage for diseases such as tuberculosis or osteomyelitis? Absolutely forbidden!
The thing is that in this case there is an external force and mechanical effect on certain parts of the body, internal organs and systems. Such influence will not always be beneficial. On the contrary, it can aggravate the course of the disease.
Is it possible to do massage during menstruation and certain diseases of internal organs and systems - absolutely not!
Contraindications for back massage
For all its benefits in practice, doctors also identify the following contraindications for back massage. Thus, contraindications for massage include a list of diseases for which it is strictly prohibited. Back massage is prohibited when:
Back massage
- acute forms of infectious diseases, injuries and bleeding;
- purulent neoplasms, regardless of their location and disruption of the blood’s ability to clot normally;
- Is it possible to do a back massage when the lymph nodes and their ducts are inflamed - it is prohibited;
- Contraindications to back massage are chronic forms of osteomyelitis and tuberculosis, sexually transmitted diseases and mental disorders.
What if fibroids
When diagnosing uterine fibroids, it is prohibited to warm the pelvic area with any manipulations or creams. Due to the fact that massage is a warming procedure, it is prohibited to do it if you have uterine fibroids. If you have uterine fibroids, massage the back, thighs and abdomen is strictly prohibited, as this can cause serious complications in the form of internal bleeding and rupture of a benign tumor.
What if it's a cold
Is it possible to do a back massage when you cough? Doctors even recommend doing it - it increases blood flow in the bronchi and trachea, improves mucus discharge, providing an excellent anti-inflammatory and antispasmodic effect. Back massage for coughs is the best treatment, especially if combined with inhalations. This treatment procedure is indicated for coughs in both adults and children, improving the general condition and speeding up recovery.