Atropine - instructions for use, indications, mechanism and time of action, side effects and price. Methods of using atropine Atropine causes
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Atropine is a toxic substance, an alkaloid, a non-selective blocker of M-cholinergic receptors.
Active substance
Plants of the nightshade family:
- belladonna;
- dope;
- henbane;
- scopoly
Release form and composition
Available in the following forms:
- powder;
- tablets 0.5 mg;
- oral solution 10 ml;
- solution in ampoules of 1 ml;
- solution in syringe tubes of 1 ml;
- eye drops – solution in 5 ml bottles;
- eye ointment;
- eye films.
Indications for use
Symptomatic treatment of such pathologies:
- peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum;
- spasms of the stomach in the area of its transition to the duodenum (pylorospasm);
- intestinal spasms;
- urinary tract spasms;
- pain in the pelvis and abdomen;
- pain when urinating;
- acute, chronic and unspecified cholecystitis;
- acute and chronic, alcoholic pancreatitis;
- cholelithiasis;
- bile duct stones;
- eye diseases: keratitis, iridocyclitis, keratoconjunctivitis;
- disturbances of refraction and accommodation of the eye;
- diseases of the vocal cords and larynx;
- bronchial, allergic and other types of asthma;
- bradycardia;
- atrioventricular block;
- secondary parkinsonism;
- other diseases and conditions.
In combination with analgesics, it effectively relieves pain caused by smooth muscle spasms.
The use of drugs in anesthesiological practice (before and during surgery) can reduce the likelihood of many reflex reactions, such as involuntary contraction of the muscles of the larynx and bronchi, excessive production of secretions by the body’s glands (salivary, bronchial, etc.).
Use of the abdominal organs before x-ray examination can reduce their tone and motor activity.
It can also be used as an antidote for poisoning with organophosphorus compounds (sarin, soman, chlorophos and others).
Contraindications
- increased individual sensitivity to the components of the drug;
- age up to 7 years;
- organic damage to the heart and blood vessels;
- prostatic hypertrophy;
- kidney diseases.
Ointment and drops:
- glaucoma;
- keratoconus;
- iris adhesions.
Solutions and drops are used with caution by the elderly, as well as people whose work requires increased concentration and clarity of vision.
Instructions for use Atropine (method and dosage)
Subcutaneously, intramuscularly and intravenously, 0.25 to 1 mg of the drug is administered twice a day. After each injection, wait a few minutes; if the desired effect is not observed, the injection is repeated.
Children's dosage depends on age and can vary between 0.05-0.5 mg 1-2 times a day. The maximum daily dose cannot exceed 3 mg.
In case of poisoning, it is administered intravenously. The dose is determined by the doctor and depends on the degree of poisoning.
In ophthalmology, 1-2 drops are instilled into the affected eye 3 times a day every 5-6 hours. Eye ointment should be applied to the eyelids 1-2 times a day.
Side effects
Atropine causes the following side effects:
- dry mouth;
- pupil dilation;
- photophobia;
- headache;
- dizziness;
- hyperemia of the skin of the eyelids and conjunctiva;
- swelling of the skin of the eyelids and conjunctiva;
- cardiopalmus;
- bladder atony;
- intestinal atony.
Overdose
Large doses of Atropine lead to the following symptoms:
- respiratory paralysis;
- excessive mental and motor agitation;
- severe dizziness;
- convulsions;
- hallucinations.
The use of large doses of drops leads to a significant increase in eye pressure, disruption of the accommodation of the lens, up to its paralysis.
Analogs
Analogs by ATX code: Atropin-Nova.
Do not decide to change the drug on your own; consult your doctor.
pharmachologic effect
- The mechanism of action of the drug is the selective blockade of M-cholinergic receptors, as a result of which they become insensitive to acetylcholine. The atropine molecule contains a fragment similar to acetylcholine, which explains the ability of atropine to bind to cholinergic receptors.
- As a result of the action of Atropine, the secretion of the salivary, bronchial, sweat and gastric glands decreases, the viscosity of their secretion increases, the activity of the bronchial epithelium is suppressed, heart contractions become more frequent, the tone of muscles and smooth muscle organs decreases, atrioventricular patency increases, the amount and acidity of gastric juice decreases, its production, the pupil dilates, breathing is excited.
- The drug is metabolized (broken down) in the liver. Approximately 80% of the dose taken is excreted by the kidneys two hours after administration, the rest is excreted by the kidneys within 12-36 hours after use.
special instructions
- With parabulbar or subconjunctival administration, the patient must be given a validol tablet under the tongue in order to reduce tachycardia.
- The interval between taking antacids and drugs should be at least 1 hour.
- During the treatment period, the patient must be careful when driving vehicles and engaging in other potentially hazardous activities that require increased concentration, speed of psychomotor reactions and good vision.
During pregnancy and breastfeeding
Contraindicated.
In childhood
Use with caution in chronic lung diseases, especially in young children and debilitated patients; with brain damage in children, cerebral palsy, Down's disease (reaction to anticholinergic drugs increases).
In old age
Use with caution in patients with diseases of the cardiovascular system, intestinal atony, prostatic hypertrophy without urinary tract obstruction, urinary retention or predisposition to it, or diseases accompanied by urinary tract obstruction.
For impaired renal function
Use with caution in case of renal failure (risk of side effects due to decreased excretion).
For liver dysfunction
Use with caution in case of liver failure (decreased metabolism).
Drug interactions
- When taken orally with antacids containing calcium carbonate or aluminum, the absorption of atropine from the gastrointestinal tract is reduced.
- When used together, it is possible to slow down the absorption of mexiletine, zopiclone, reduce the absorption of nitrofurantoin and its excretion by the kidneys. The therapeutic and side effects of nitrofurantoin are likely to increase.
- When administered simultaneously with anticholinergic drugs and drugs with anticholinergic activity, the anticholinergic effect is enhanced.
- When used in combination with phenylephrine, blood pressure may increase.
- Nitrates increase the risk of increased intraocular pressure.
- Reduces the level of levodopa in blood plasma.
- Under the influence of guanethidine, the hyposecretory effect of atropine may be reduced.
- Procainamide enhances the anticholinergic effect of drugs.
A03BA01 (Atropine)
S01FA01 (Atropine)
Before using ATROPINE you should consult your doctor. These instructions for use are for informational purposes only. For more complete information, please refer to the manufacturer's instructions.
Clinical and pharmacological groups
26.008 (M-cholinergic receptor blocker for local use in ophthalmology (mydriatic))
11.030 (M-cholinergic receptor blocker)
pharmachologic effect
M-cholinergic receptor blocker is a natural tertiary amine. It is believed that atropine binds equally to the m1, m2 and m3 subtypes of muscarinic receptors. Affects both central and peripheral m-cholinergic receptors.
Reduces the secretion of salivary, gastric, bronchial, and sweat glands. Reduces the tone of smooth muscles of internal organs (including bronchi, digestive system organs, urethra, bladder), reduces gastrointestinal motility. Has virtually no effect on the secretion of bile and pancreas. Causes mydriasis, paralysis of accommodation, reduces the secretion of tear fluid.
In average therapeutic doses, atropine has a moderate stimulating effect on the central nervous system and a delayed but long-lasting sedative effect. The central anticholinergic effect explains the ability of atropine to eliminate tremor in Parkinson's disease. In toxic doses, atropine causes agitation, hallucinations, and coma.
Atropine reduces the tone of the vagus nerve, which leads to an increase in heart rate (with a slight change in blood pressure) and an increase in conductivity in the His bundle.
In therapeutic doses, atropine does not have a significant effect on peripheral vessels, but with an overdose, vasodilation is observed.
When applied topically in ophthalmology, maximum pupil dilation occurs after 30-40 minutes and disappears after 7-10 days. Mydriasis caused by atropine is not eliminated by instillation of cholinomimetic drugs.
Pharmacokinetics
Well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract or through the conjunctival membrane. After systemic administration, it is widely distributed in the body. Penetrates through the BBB. A significant concentration in the central nervous system is achieved within 0.5-1 hour. Plasma protein binding is moderate.
T1/2 is 2 hours. Excreted in the urine; about 60% is unchanged, the remaining part is in the form of hydrolysis and conjugation products.
ATROPINE: DOSAGE
Orally - 300 mcg every 4-6 hours.
To eliminate bradycardia intravenously in adults - 0.5-1 mg; if necessary, the administration can be repeated after 5 minutes; children - 10 mcg/kg.
For the purpose of intramuscular premedication for adults - 400-600 mcg 45-60 minutes before anesthesia; children - 10 mcg/kg 45-60 minutes before anesthesia.
For local use in ophthalmology, instill 1-2 drops of a 1% solution (in children, a solution of a lower concentration is used) into the affected eye, the frequency of use is up to 3 times with an interval of 5-6 hours, depending on the indications. In some cases, a 0.1% solution is administered subconjunctivally 0.2-0.5 ml or parabulbar - 0.3-0.5 ml. Using electrophoresis, a 0.5% solution is injected from the anode through the eyelids or an eye bath.
Drug interactions
When taken orally with antacids containing aluminum or calcium carbonate, the absorption of atropine from the gastrointestinal tract is reduced.
When used simultaneously with anticholinergic drugs and drugs with anticholinergic activity, the anticholinergic effect is enhanced.
When used simultaneously with atropine, it is possible to slow down the absorption of zopiclone, mexiletine, and reduce the absorption of nitrofurantoin and its excretion by the kidneys. The therapeutic and side effects of nitrofurantoin are likely to increase.
When used simultaneously with phenylephrine, blood pressure may increase.
Under the influence of guanethidine, the hyposecretory effect of atropine may be reduced.
Nitrates increase the likelihood of increased intraocular pressure.
Procainamide enhances the anticholinergic effect of atropine.
Atropine reduces the concentration of levodopa in the blood plasma.
Pregnancy and lactation
Atropine penetrates the placental barrier. Adequate and strictly controlled clinical studies of the safety of atropine during pregnancy have not been conducted.
When administered intravenously during pregnancy or shortly before birth, tachycardia may develop in the fetus.
Atropine is found in breast milk in trace concentrations.
ATROPINE: SIDE EFFECTS
With systemic use: dry mouth, tachycardia, constipation, difficulty urinating, mydriasis, photophobia, paralysis of accommodation, dizziness, impaired tactile perception.
When used topically in ophthalmology: hyperemia of the skin of the eyelids, hyperemia and swelling of the conjunctiva of the eyelids and eyeball, photophobia, dry mouth, tachycardia.
Indications
Systemic use: spasm of smooth muscle organs of the gastrointestinal tract, bile ducts, bronchi; peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, acute pancreatitis, hypersalivation (parkinsonism, poisoning with heavy metal salts, during dental procedures), irritable bowel syndrome, intestinal colic, renal colic, bronchitis with hypersecretion, bronchospasm, laryngospasm (prevention); premedication before surgery; AV block, bradycardia; poisoning with m-cholinomimetics and anticholinesterase substances (reversible and irreversible effects); X-ray examination of the gastrointestinal tract (if necessary to reduce the tone of the stomach and intestines).
Local use in ophthalmology: for examining the fundus of the eye, for dilating the pupil and achieving accommodation paralysis in order to determine the true refraction of the eye; for the treatment of iritis, iridocyclitis, choroiditis, keratitis, embolism and spasm of the central retinal artery and some eye injuries.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to atropine.
special instructions
Use with caution in patients with diseases of the cardiovascular system, in which an increase in heart rate may be undesirable: atrial fibrillation, tachycardia, chronic heart failure, coronary artery disease, mitral stenosis, arterial hypertension, acute bleeding; with thyrotoxicosis (possible increased tachycardia); at elevated temperatures (may further increase due to suppression of the activity of the sweat glands); with reflux esophagitis, hiatal hernia, combined with reflux esophagitis (decreased motility of the esophagus and stomach and relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter can slow down gastric emptying and increase gastroesophageal reflux through the sphincter with impaired function); for gastrointestinal diseases accompanied by obstruction - achalasia of the esophagus, pyloric stenosis (possibly decreased motility and tone, leading to obstruction and retention of gastric contents), intestinal atony in elderly or debilitated patients (possible development of obstruction), paralytic ileus; with an increase in intraocular pressure - closed-angle (mydriatic effect, leading to an increase in intraocular pressure, can cause an acute attack) and open-angle glaucoma (mydriatic effect can cause a slight increase in intraocular pressure; adjustment of therapy may be required); with nonspecific ulcerative colitis (high doses can inhibit intestinal motility, increasing the likelihood of paralytic intestinal obstruction, in addition, the manifestation or exacerbation of such a severe complication as toxic megacolon is possible); with dry mouth (long-term use may cause further increase in the severity of xerostomia); with liver failure (decreased metabolism) and renal failure (risk of side effects due to decreased excretion); for chronic lung diseases, especially in young children and weakened patients (a decrease in bronchial secretion can lead to thickening of secretions and the formation of plugs in the bronchi); with myasthenia gravis (the condition may worsen due to inhibition of the action of acetylcholine); prostatic hypertrophy without urinary tract obstruction, urinary retention or predisposition to it, or diseases accompanied by urinary tract obstruction (including bladder neck due to prostatic hypertrophy); with gestosis (possibly increased arterial hypertension); brain damage in children, cerebral palsy, Down's disease (reaction to anticholinergic drugs increases).
The interval between doses of atropine and antacids containing aluminum or calcium carbonate should be at least 1 hour.
With subconjunctival or parabulbar administration of atropine, the patient must be given a validol tablet under the tongue in order to reduce tachycardia.
Impact on the ability to drive vehicles and operate machinery
During the treatment period, the patient must be careful when driving vehicles and engaging in other potentially hazardous activities that require increased concentration, speed of psychomotor reactions and good vision.
Use for renal impairment
Use with caution in case of renal failure (risk of side effects due to decreased excretion).
Use for liver dysfunction
Use with caution in case of liver failure (decreased metabolism).
Atropine is a (alkaloid) toxic substance. It is an anticholinergic drug that blocks M-receptors located in the central nervous system, heart muscles, organs with smooth muscles, and endocrine glands.
pharmachologic effect
- The production of vital substances in the body (sweat, salivary, gastric) decreases.
- Reduces the number of damaged cells in the bronchi.
- The contraction of the heart muscle becomes more frequent.
- The passage of blood through the ventricles improves.
- Due to the viscosity of gastric juice, the acidity in the stomach decreases.
- Breathing quickens. The pupils dilate.
- Muscles and muscular organs relax (intestines, trachea, urinary)
Release form
The drug is produced:
- Tablets, powder – 0.5 mg;
- Drinking solution – 10 ml;
- Ampoules for intramuscular administration – 1 ml/1 mg of atropine sulfate;
- Syringe tube – 1 ml/1 mg;
- Eye drops – 5 ml in a bottle (1 ml/10 mg);
- Ointments, films with atropine for the organs of vision.
Indications for use
- Bowel dysfunction - SRCT, sinus rhythm
- Spasms of the liver, kidneys, bronchi during asthma.
- Increased excitability of the bladder muscles, leading to incontinence.
- Involuntary discharge of semen from the urethra (spermatorrhea).
- Leakage of blood from the lungs.
- Insufficient pulmonary ventilation.
- Poisoning with poisonous mushrooms, gases, chemicals.
- When performing an x-ray of the stomach and intestines.
- In ophthalmology for injuries, to determine the condition of the fundus.
Side effects
- Due to decreased saliva secretion, dry mouth and thirst.
- Small rash all over the body.
- Difficulty swallowing food and water (dysphagia).
- Deterioration of vision.
- Neurological syndrome (nerve paresis).
- Strengthening mental and motor activity.
- Urine retention (bladder atony).
- Photophobia, dilated pupil.
- Increase in body temperature.
- Intestinal obstruction (constipation).
- Swelling of the eyelids, conjunctivitis.
Contraindications
- Glaucoma, severe forms.
- Damage to blood vessels and heart muscle.
- Enlargement of the prostate gland (hypertrophy).
- Exhaustion of the body, sudden weight loss.
- Drug intolerance.
Instructions
Applicable:
- In tablets – 0.25 mg-1 g (substance) no more than 6t/day.
- For IV, IM, SC as recommended (0.25 mg-1 g/2 rubles).
- Drops – 1-2 drops/3 rubles/day.
- Ointment - put 1-2 rubles behind the eyelids.
The dosage of the medication is prescribed by the doctor, the instructions are for informational purposes only. The drug is toxic, there may be consequences.
Overdose
- In case of poisoning, the following symptoms occur:
- Pupils dilate, dizziness.
- Increased intracranial pressure.
- Visions, loss of orientation.
- Fainting, hypotension, coma.
Treatment
- Administration of the antagonist - proserin 1 ml/0.05% subcutaneously.
- Physostigmine – 1 ml/0.1% subcutaneously.
- Overexcitation - aminazine 2 ml/2.5% i/m.
- Convulsions – (barbiturates) Hexenalum sodium IV 10 ml/IV.
- A sharp increase in temperature - cold wraps.
- If tachycardia occurs - Inderal.
Eye drops
Used in ophthalmology to dilate the pupil (mydriasis). The drug has a prolonged effect (up to 10 days). It is necessary to drip only under the supervision of a doctor.
The medication is toxic and has many contraindications and side effects. It is not used very often today. Self-medication is strictly prohibited.
During pupil dilation, intracranial pressure increases, so it is not always possible to use them. In addition to the therapeutic effect, vision deteriorates during treatment, you cannot read or drive a car.
The effect of the drug occurs after 30-40 minutes, eye function is restored after 4-5 days. May cause exacerbation of the disease.
Before starting treatment with drops, it is necessary to exclude all contraindications and approach this issue with caution. If side symptoms appear, stop using the drug.
For premedication
Preparing the patient for surgery, for anesthesia, placing him in a state of rest, eliminating negative reflex reactions.
It begins the evening before surgery. In some patients - within a few days. Tranquilizers, sedatives, and antihistamines are prescribed.
In the morning 30-40 minutes. Before surgery, three drugs are administered - diphenhydramine, promedol, atropine. The latter - 1 ml/0.1% subcutaneously to dilate the bronchi, reduce salivation, and reduce the action of the vagus nerve.
After these three medications, anesthesia is administered. Premedication is performed when the patient is resting, his blood pressure is normal, there is no tachycardia, and his breathing is calm.
Analogs
Today we talked about a drug that has many contraindications, is toxic, and can be fatal. It must be used strictly under the supervision of a doctor. Read on our website about other drugs.
10474 0
Atropine
Anticholinergics (M-cholinergic blockers)
Release form
R-r d/in. 0.05%, 0.1%Table 0.5 mg
Mechanism of action
Atropine binds tightly to muscarinic cholinergic receptors and blocks them, preventing the stimulating effect of acetylcholine. Atropine interacts with both central and peripheral M-cholinergic receptors.Main effects
■ Reduces the secretion of salivary, gastric, bronchial, lacrimal and sweat glands.■ Reduces the tone of the muscles of internal organs (bronchi, gastrointestinal tract, bile ducts and gallbladder, urethra, bladder), increases the tone of the sphincters; reduces the tone of the vagus nerve, which causes tachycardia, improves conductivity in the heart muscle.
■ Causes paralysis of accommodation, dilates the pupil, impedes the outflow of intraocular fluid, which increases intraocular pressure.
■ Has a stimulating effect on the central nervous system; in toxic doses, it causes agitation, agitation, hallucinations, and coma.
The maximum effect appears 2-4 minutes after intravenous administration, after oral administration in the form of drops - after 30 minutes.
Pharmacokinetics
Well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. It is widely distributed throughout the organs and tissues of the body, passes through the blood-brain barrier, the placenta, and penetrates into breast milk. It is found in significant concentrations in the central nervous system 0.5-1 hour after administration. Communication with plasma proteins - 18%.Metabolized in the liver by enzymatic hydrolysis. Excreted by the kidneys unchanged (50%), in the form of hydrolysis and conjugation products. T1/2 - 2 hours.
Indications
■ Premedication before surgical operations (in combination with anxiolytics, analgesics, antihistamines).■ Hypersalivation (during dental procedures).
■ Peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, pylorospasm, cholelithiasis.
■ Spasms of the intestines and urinary tract.
■ Bronchial asthma, bronchitis with hyperproduction of mucus.
■ Bradyarrhythmias.
Directions for use and doses
Atropine is used orally, parenterally (s.c., i.v., i.m.) and locally.Orally: before meals - powders, tablets, solution. To eliminate bradycardia in adults - 0.5-1 mg IV, if necessary, repeat the administration after 5 minutes; children - 10 mcg/kg. For premedication, adults are prescribed 0.4-0.6 mg IM 45-60 minutes before anesthesia; children - 0.01 mg/kg. To reduce salivation - 0.025-1 mg orally for adults before surgery.
Contraindications
■ Hypersensitivity.■ Glaucoma.
■ Obstructive diseases of the intestines and urinary tract.
■ Paralytic ileus.
■ Toxic megacolon.
■ Ulcerative colitis.
■ Hiatal hernia.
Cautions, therapy monitoring
The interval between doses of atropine and antacid drugs containing aluminum or calcium should be at least 1 hour.Atropine should not be abruptly discontinued, because Symptoms similar to withdrawal syndrome may appear.
During the treatment period, care must be taken when driving vehicles and engaging in other potentially hazardous activities that require increased concentration, speed of psychomotor reactions and good vision.
Prescribe with caution:
■ for chronic heart failure, coronary heart disease;
■ for atrial fibrillation, tachycardia;
■ with mitral stenosis;
■ for arterial hypertension;
■ in case of acute bleeding;
■ for thyrotoxicosis;
■ with liver failure (decreased metabolism);
■ for intestinal atony in elderly or debilitated patients (possible development of obstruction);
■ in case of renal failure;
■ for chronic lung diseases, especially in young children and debilitated patients;
■ with prostate hypertrophy;
■ with cerebral palsy;
■ with Down's disease (response to anticholinergic drugs is increased);
■ patients with fever;
■ patients with dry mouth;
■ during pregnancy;
■ during lactation;
■ in old and senile age.
Side effects
Systemic effects:■ xerostomia, thirst;
■ intestinal atony;
■ constipation;
■ atony of the bladder;
■ urinary retention;
■ mydriasis, increased intraocular pressure;
■ paralysis of accommodation;
■ tachycardia;
■ headache;
■ dizziness;
■ insomnia, central nervous system excitement;
■ violation of tactile perception;
■ dysphagia.
The drug Atropine reduces the tone of the internal muscles of the bronchi, stomach and bladder. Prescribed to reduce the secretion of salivary, sweat and bronchial glands. It is necessary to know in what dosage the medicine is taken and what side effects it has on the body.
The main task of Atropine is to block M-cholinergic receptors. The drug will reduce saliva secretion in bronchial diseases. Atropine will also increase heart rate for a therapeutic effect. The medicine can reduce the tone in the bronchi and abdominal cavity. If the patient has increased vagal tone, then Atropine will act even more strongly. The medicine affects the dilation of the pupil in the eye. This occurs when the muscles in the eye shell relax.
Doctors prescribe Atropine as symptomatic therapy for the following diseases:
- Stomach ulcer;
- Problems with the duodenum;
- Acute pancreatitis;
- At the moment of pyloric spasms;
- For the treatment of cholelithiasis;
- Treatment of cholecystitis;
- Severe cramps in the intestinal area;
- Urinary tract problems;
- Severe attacks of bronchial asthma;
- To increase nerve tone during bradycardia;
- To reduce the tone of organ activity during x-rays.
The doctor may also prescribe injections with the drug for the following purposes:
- Before administering anesthesia at the time of surgery;
- To relieve bronchial spasms during surgery;
- To reduce gland secretion;
- Removing a reflex reaction;
- Prescribed as an antidote for overdose of cholinomimetic drugs.
In some cases, the use of Atropine is dangerous to the patient's health. Doctors prohibit medicine in the following situations:
- Severe allergy to any component in the composition;
- Problems with the cardiac system;
- The occurrence of atrial fibrillation;
- Attacks of tachycardia;
- Failure of the heart;
- Ischemic attacks;
- Dangerous for mitral stenosis;
- Not prescribed for severe arterial hypertension;
- If the patient has any bleeding;
- The drug is dangerous for thyrotoxicosis;
- Not prescribed for hyperthermic syndrome;
- If the patient has stomach problems;
- Dangerous for glaucoma;
- Not prescribed for problems with the kidneys and liver;
- If the patient has frequent urinary retention;
- Dangerous in case of serious brain damage.
If you use the drug in specific cases, it can cause complications and harm the body. Be sure to get tested to use Atropine correctly.
You need to know which drugs Atropine is incompatible with or can cause side effects. Here is the complete list of drug combinations:
- Use together with MAO inhibitors leads to a change in heart rhythm;
- The use of Atropine with Quinidine causes an increase in anticholinergic effect;
- If you take the drug together with tannin, it will weaken the effect of both substances;
- Atropine will reduce the analgesic effect of all opiates;
- The drug reduces the duration of action of narcotic drugs;
- Parallel administration of diphenhydramine enhances the effect of Atropine;
- The use of haloperidol increases the pressure inside the eye;
- Use together with sertraline will cause feelings of depression and depression;
- Taking penicillin increases the effect of both drugs;
- If you use Atropine together with ketoconazole, its absorption into the blood will decrease.
Experts also identified a number of other interactions that you need to pay attention to before taking:
- The drug attapulgite will reduce the therapeutic effect of Atropine;
- When taken in parallel, the medicine will reduce the therapeutic effect of Pilocarpine;
- When using octadine, the effect of Atropine is reduced;
- If you use the medicine together with sulfonamide drugs, a major problem with the kidneys and liver may begin;
- Parallel use with potassium preparations leads to stomach ulcers. It may also cause bleeding;
- The effect of the drug Atropine is enhanced by taking antidepressants, Amantadine and Phenothiazine;
- Any other medications will be absorbed and act more slowly after taking Atropine.
If the patient is taking other drugs for therapy, he needs to adjust the dosage or temporarily stop treatment. This should only be decided by the attending physician.
Doctors have identified a number of diseases for which Atropine is prescribed with great caution. In this case, the doctor must monitor the patient’s condition and adjust the dosage. Here is a list of the main diseases for which the drug can cause harm:
- Cerebral palsy in children;
- Problems with urination;
- Down's disease;
- For hernias in the digestive zone;
- Any stage of ulcerative colitis;
- At the moment of megacolony;
- Caution for dosage in elderly patients;
- In advanced stages of lung disease;
- For children with autonomic neuropathy.
Patients with such diseases must monitor their health after using Atropine and inform their doctor.
Doctors do not allow pregnant women to use Atropine at any stage. Also, you should not use the drug while breastfeeding. Scientists have proven that toxic substances can reach a child through milk. This will lead to severe allergies and health complications.
Driving while undergoing treatment
Be aware that Atropine causes side effects of dizziness and mild hallucinations. That is why you should refrain from driving until the end of therapy. Doctors also advise patients not to work with mechanisms that require a lot of concentration.
Atropine can be administered intramuscularly, intravenously or subcutaneously. To reduce heart rate and shrink bronchial glands, doctors prescribe 0.5 mg of the drug as a subcutaneous injection. It should be used one hour before anesthesia along with morphine.
In case of severe poisoning with cholinomimetic substances, use the drug 2 mg by intramuscular injection. Atropine must be administered every half hour. You need to stop administering the medicine after redness of the skin or during an attack of tachycardia. In case of severe poisoning, use the drug for 1-2 weeks.
The maximum dose for an adult is 3 mg per day. You can administer 1 mg of Atropine at a time. For children, an individual dosage is selected by the attending physician. It depends on the age and weight of the baby, as well as on the stage of the disease. Dosage should be used with caution in elderly patients.
If a person begins to experience side effects, the doctor should reduce the dose of Atropine or reduce the frequency of injections.
If too much of the drug is administered to a patient, he may experience complications and health problems. The first signs of an overdose are displayed in the following symptoms:
- Severe feeling of nausea, vomiting;
- The patient's blood pressure drops;
- Tremor occurs;
- The person feels overexcited;
- Severe cramps;
- It is difficult to fall asleep at night;
- Hallucinations may begin;
- The patient becomes nervous and irritable;
- Hyperthermia occurs;
- The process of oppression in the nervous system;
- Decrease in activity in the respiratory zone.
As soon as the patient experiences such symptoms, he should immediately stop using Atropine and go to the hospital. Doctors are required to quickly rinse the stomach and introduce cholinomimetic drugs into the body. If there is a symptom of hyperthermia, you need to wipe the patient with damp towels and prescribe antipyretic drugs.
If a person feels overexcited and afraid, the doctor prescribes injections with thiopental. You can also take Physostigmine. If glaucoma is detected, the patient should instill Pilocarpine into the eye sac. At this point, you can inject Proserin 3 times a day. The patient can leave the hospital only after all unpleasant symptoms have passed.
Adverse drug reactions
In the instructions for use you can see all the side effects of the medicine. Typically, complications arise from individual intolerance to the drug or when the dosage for use is too high.
Where do they arise? | Side effects |
These side effects may begin in the stomach | Feeling of dry mouth; Intense thirst; Changes in taste sensations when eating; Problems with intestinal motility; Decreased tone in bile; The occurrence of dysphagia; Problems with urination. |
Such complications may begin in the cardiac zone | Attacks of tachycardia; Severe arrhythmia; An attack of ischemic disorder; The patient's face becomes red; There is a feeling of a rush of blood to the body. |
The following side effects are observed in the nervous system: | Attacks of severe headache; The patient feels dizzy; There is a feeling of nervousness and fear; It is difficult for a person to fall asleep at night. |
Such complications may begin in vision | The patient's pupils will dilate; Photophobia occurs; Attack of accommodation paralysis; Pressure increases inside the eye; The clarity of vision quickly decreases. |
The following side effects occur in the respiratory system: | The tone of the bronchi decreases; The sputum becomes more viscous; The patient has difficulty coughing. |
The following side effects are observed on the skin: | Red rash on the body; The occurrence of urticaria; Manifestation of exfoliative dermatitis; Severe allergy to the composition of the medicine. |
Other side effects of the drug | The patient begins to sweat less; The skin at the injection site becomes dry; Dysarthria occurs; The skin may become red due to sensitivity to the composition. |
If any side effect is detected, you must stop injecting the drug. The doctor must determine the cause of this reaction. It may be necessary to reduce the dosage or replace Atropine with a similar drug.
Store the drug only in the original packaging. It is important to keep the ampoules at a temperature of no more than +25 degrees and no less than +15 degrees. Do not put Atropine in the refrigerator under any circumstances. It is important that children cannot obtain medications and take them internally. The shelf life of ampoules is no more than 3 years from the date of production. It is forbidden to give injections if Atropine has expired.
Price for the drug
Now you can buy Atropine in the form of ampoules at any pharmacy. Some pharmacists will require a doctor's prescription with the exact dosage. The average price for the drug is from 70 to 90 rubles. For this price you can purchase 1 ampoule of a 0.1 percent solution.