What is health path and where is it used? What is Terrenkur and how is it useful? Walking to health
![What is health path and where is it used? What is Terrenkur and how is it useful? Walking to health](https://i1.wp.com/resobr.ru/images/eArticles/Article_eId_422479_3c0513789ed5bf84629c9126d8a27d6b.jpg)
Terrencourt
Terrencourt- leisurely walks in fresh air on flat or hilly terrain for therapeutic purposes. As a rule, health paths run in resort areas where the air is especially healthy, but you can also practice health paths in an ordinary park or forest area.
History of the development of health path
Physical activity, of which the health path itself is a part, was recognized as effective around the end of the 19th century as a preventive measure for a huge number of diseases. The founder of the health path itself, as a medical direction, is considered to be the German doctor Max Ertel. The essence of his system is a gradual increase in physical activity in the treatment of obesity and cardiovascular diseases. Initially, the patient should walk on level ground with the opportunity to rest at any time by sitting on a bench, which is generously provided throughout the health path route. Then the route gradually lengthens and an uphill climb is added with an angle of 5° to 30°. The Ertel treatment regimen using health path quickly became popular and became widespread in most famous resorts in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. Today, health paths are included in many medical tours and are popular among tourists traveling for the purpose of healing. The first health path in Russia appeared back in 1901 and was laid in the resort town of Kislovodsk. Today, its total length is about 70 km and has as many as 6 routes, equipped according to all the rules with benches every 100 m, special signs and medical stations monitoring the health status of patients.
Varieties of health path
The recommended health path route depends on the patient’s health condition and can run along a plain, include ascents, or contain only descents. In the latter case, patients are taken up the mountain by a special lift or other means of transport. The frequency of such walks is usually 2-3 approaches per day. Only the attending physician can advise this or that type of health path. He also prescribes the duration of the walk and its pace:
The duration of the path is divided into 15-20-30-60 minutes;
The pace of the path is differentiated depending on the recommended number of steps per minute (70-80-90-100-110);
The elevation angle of the path varies from 0° to 30°;
According to the degree of load, there is an easy path when the distance is up to 500 m, a medium path when the distance is up to 1500 m, and a difficult path for a distance of up to 3000 m.
Areas of application of health path
Health path is a walking walk that will be useful for any person, because this type of treatment is indicated for diseases of almost all major systems of the human body:
cardiovascular;
musculoskeletal;
respiratory;
digestive;
To be more specific, health path is primarily indicated for diseases such as:
obesity;
hypertonic disease;
cardiac ischemia;
valvular heart defects;
tuberculosis;
bronchial asthma;
osteochondorosis, etc.
Benefits of health path
There are a lot of bonuses from health path practices.
firstly, during the health path, metabolism is activated and up to 35 g of fat is burned in an hour of walking. All these factors certainly contribute to weight loss;
secondly, walking, unlike running, does not create additional stress on the joints and spine, which is especially valuable for people in the recovery period after injuries to the musculoskeletal system;
thirdly, walking in fresh air is always an element of hardening the body, which in turn makes it more resistant to various kinds of diseases;
fourthly, the path is an excellent cardio workout (after all, breathing becomes deeper while walking);
fourthly, the health path pacifies and perfectly calms the nervous system;
fifthly, health paths in resort areas give aesthetic pleasure from enjoying the views of mountain and sea landscapes.
The main rules of the path
So, if you decide to practice a health path as a means of preventing stagnation in your body, then you should learn some basic rules for such therapeutic walking:
take a walk regularly;
choose a cool time of day for walks (the coolness of the morning or the time in the evening before bedtime);
the weather should be conducive to walking;
increase the load gradually;
dress appropriately for the weather and so that it is convenient to move;
shoes must be without heels;
maintain correct posture during the health path;
breathe evenly; if your breathing becomes difficult, it is better to stop and take a breath;
take into account the acclimatization factor when practicing a health path upon arrival at the resort;
do not practice health path on a full stomach;
smoking during therapeutic walking is unacceptable;
a walk in company should be silent;
children can be introduced to the health path starting from primary school age;
The following criteria will tell you that you have chosen your path route correctly:
while walking, your breathing remains even;
you feel pleasantly slightly tired;
you are not short of breath;
you do not feel increased heartbeat;
you have no heaviness in your head.
Geography of paths for the path
The most accessible paths of the health path are laid out in the Crimean Livadia (the famous Tsar’s Path), in the above-mentioned Kislovodsk, also in Pyatigorsk, Belokurikha, and Sochi.
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Flower garden: annual plants (caring for flowers in the asphalt play area)
MBDOU "TsRR - kindergarten No. 217" in Barnaul, Altai Territory - winner of the city competition "Best design of the territory of a preschool educational institution - 2013." The project, presented by preschool teachers, was awarded a gold medal in the All-Russian correspondence competition “Vocation as an educator” for a set of teaching materials for teachers “”.
In the federal state educational standard for preschool education, approved. Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia dated October 17, 2013 No. 1155 (hereinafter referred to as the Federal State Educational Standard for Education), formulated requirements for preschool educational institutions, focusing on the territory (site) adjacent to the educational organization or located at a short distance from it, adapted for the implementation of the educational program of preschool education and including materials, equipment and inventory for the development of preschool children in accordance with the characteristics of each age stage, protection and accounting and correction of developmental deficiencies.
According to the Federal State Educational Standard for Educational Education, the developing subject-spatial environment should:
provide the opportunity for communication and joint activities between children (including children of different ages) and adults, physical activity for preschoolers, as well as opportunities for privacy; be content-rich, transformable, multifunctional, variable, accessible and safe.
The transformability of space implies the possibility of changing the subject-spatial environment of the territory adjacent to the preschool educational institution, depending on the educational situation, including the changing interests and capabilities of children, by compiling a summer schedule of classes in the preschool educational institution.
One of the ways to create a unified educational space for the development of a child, including the adjacent territory, may be the organization of centers for cognitive and research activities in the kindergarten area. Teachers of different age groups, a physical education instructor, and a methodologist (senior teacher) jointly develop several special educational routes, or educational paths, throughout the territory of preschool educational institutions of varying difficulty categories, depending on the children’s health group, their age, and interests.
Terrenkur (German terrain - terrain, area, territory, kur - treatment) - a method of treatment dosed by distance, time and angle of inclination by walking along marked routes. A natural health path in a preschool educational institution treats not only with dosed exercise, but also with communication with nature, clean air, and psycho-emotional comfort. The health path, which is part of the summer schedule of classes at the preschool educational institution, helps to harden the body, and the beauty of nature and a calm atmosphere create the prerequisites for relieving nervous and emotional tension.
Educational paths in preschool educational institutions are part of the summer schedule of preschool educational institutions, as well as specially organized routes for children around the territory with visits to the play area on the asphalt, centers of educational and research activities, and the passage of environmental and health trails.
The purpose of the educational health path in preschool educational institutions is to improve the health of the pupils’ bodies, increase the level of motor activity, and cognitive and research activities of children and adults.
Objectives of the educational health path in preschool educational institutions
Exercise children in basic movements; developing their endurance, dexterity, coordination of movements, and self-organization skills; nurturing curiosity, a responsible attitude towards walks in nature, a sense of teamwork, and mutual assistance.
Oratorical platform
Requirements for the organization of educational paths in preschool educational institutions
Approximate options for routes are developed taking into account physical activity, cognitive content, and children’s interests, discussed in the process of interaction between teachers and the physical education instructor, and approved by the senior teacher or preschool methodologist; equipment and attributes for organizing sports, didactic games, and independent activities of preschoolers are selected in accordance with developed routes, taking into account the interests of children, time of year and weather conditions; walks involve monitoring proper breathing, maintaining optimal load, which results in the participants of the route becoming pleasantly tired by the end of the journey; Pupils’ clothing and footwear for hiking must correspond to the season of the year and weather conditions; Be sure to have a first aid kit.
Educational paths in preschool educational institutions imply the integration of the following educational areas: “Physical development”, “Cognitive development”, “Social and communicative development”.
The health path route through the territory of the preschool educational institution includes not only specially created centers, but also a sports ground, an area for games on asphalt, a health trail, an ecological trail, flower beds, a vegetable garden, a greenhouse and other possible objects on the territory of the preschool educational institution. As a rule, many group areas are decorated in a certain style, for example: “Zoo”, “Sea Harbor”, “Cosmodrome”. In this case, health path routes may include visits to these areas if this meets the goals or interests of the children.
How the educational path is carried out in preschool educational institutions
Walks along the health path in preschool educational institutions are carried out in natural conditions, in the fresh air, on the principle of gradually increasing pace and physical activity, which promotes hardening, increasing physical endurance, and normalizing the psycho-emotional activity of preschool children.
The health path route to the preschool educational institution is divided into several “stations” or “houses”. : “Meteorological Laboratory”, “In the Land of Fairy Tales”, “Glade of Heroes”, “Bird Canteen”, Recreation Center, etc. However, not all “houses” are stationary; the location of some of them can be changed periodically. In the hot summer, the “House of the Water Fairy” may appear (a splash pad or inflatable pool, homemade sprinklers), in the fall - a labyrinth of dry leaves, in the winter - a snow labyrinth.
To create new “houses” it is most convenient to use portable flat layouts. On them, an outline indicates a figure, for example, a fairy-tale character (the Frog Princess, Baba Yaga, Thumbelina, Malvina, Puss in Boots), or the skeleton of a rocket, a tower, or Baba Yaga’s house. The portable model is attached to a stand and installed anywhere on the territory of the preschool educational institution before starting to move along the path to the preschool educational institution.
Walks along the health path should be carried out regularly, at cool times of the day in the first half of the day, at the expense of the time allotted for a morning walk and physical exercise in the air. The duration of the walking route for older preschoolers is 1.5 hours, for younger ones - 1 hour. They begin by lining up in pairs on the street. The physical education instructor or teacher walks ahead and determines the pace of movement.
2-3 adults (group teacher, physical education instructor, teacher assistant, parents) can directly participate in walking walks.
Before the hike, children are informed about the purpose of the upcoming activity. If the preschool educational institution has a banner with designated centers for educational and research activities, recreation areas, and sports facilities, then drawing up a route is possible with the participation of the preschoolers themselves, taking into account the preliminary work on discussing the symbols on the banner.
A conversation is held with the children about which “stations” they would like to visit, and the rules of behavior at some of them are reminded (for example, on an ecological trail, in a play area on the asphalt). Some centers are temporary (surprise) and are installed additionally before the trip, taking into account the purpose of the health path in the preschool educational institution, the time of year, the age of the pupils, etc.
Story mission “Defeat the Snake Gorynych - unravel the knot”
What could a health path be like in a preschool educational institution?
The walking structure includes:
collection and movement to the next point of the route; stopping, resting, cognitive and research activities of children and adults; a complex of recreational games and physical exercises; independent activities of children; collection and return to the group.
When conducting educational paths with children, teachers must comply with certain requirements for their organization and safety rules.
Training on the basketball court
Moving along the health path route in a preschool educational institution from one “house” to another, children conduct experiments, research, repeat counting, compose oral stories, study the properties of plants and traces of birds and animals, engage in physical exercises, play outdoor games and games on asphalt.
Such a play space contributes to the physical, intellectual and psycho-emotional development of the child: he learns to communicate with the world around him, he develops gross and fine motor skills, speech and its intonation expressiveness, eye, correlative movements.
The following can be cited as examples of “stations” of an educational health path.
“Samodelkin’s House” is a workshop where preschoolers create installations from waste material, cardboard, plastic bottles, old broken parts from various machines, mechanisms, etc. There are tables, benches, a canopy, and containers for storage and sorting.
“Possession of a Soap Bubble” - a table on one leg, a large container with soap solution, cocktail tubes, folded in different bags (according to the number of children). Here, preschoolers can blow soap bubbles, the solution for which is made by teachers according to the schedule for following the health path at the preschool educational institution.
The “Island of Reflection”, or the “Disputants Club” is a place where benches stand opposite each other, which are used both as a place to relax and to discuss the problem that has arisen or proposals for drawing up a further route for the health path.
To decorate the “House of the Queen of Mathematics”, natural material (stones, cones, sticks, acorns, chestnuts) is prepared in advance at the preschool site, which is used for counting exercises; mounted on the fence or installed on a portable chalk board. To introduce preschoolers to geometric shapes, sand or asphalt can be used at this station.
To decorate the “Kingdom of Brush,” benches and tables are placed under the canopy, on which paints, pencils, paper, and water containers are placed. If this educational path station is located in a specially designated place for recreation, it is more advisable to use an easel with a sheet of paper fixed in advance for collective work of children.
Installation (English installation - placement, installation, assembly) is a spatial composition created from various ready-made materials and forms (industrial and household items, natural objects).
Another example of an educational health path “station” in a preschool educational institution is an installation made from waste materials. Their difference from ordinary crafts is that the child does not just participate in the creation of some art object for display at an exhibition, but is its active user, a player. If the composition is moving (for example, has propellers, has sound effects), the student can “revive” it. It is necessary that he actively engages with the toy: knocking, rattling, using all available elements. Installations allow you to think in new ways and enrich the world of children's play.
Installations during a health path at a preschool educational institution
Using the installation, you can create a wall with non-traditional musical instruments - noisemakers, knockers, rattles, by attaching various metal parts to the board.
Installations in the form of a mobile are original - this is a decorative, often humorous project of artistic imagination, a suspended structure (its different elements are connected by wire at one point). Mobiles are usually created from waste or natural materials. For this purpose, wires, tubes, rods are used, which can be given a curved shape; Threads, fishing line, rope, wire, and chains are used as fastening elements. You can combine different materials in one mobile.
As they progress along the educational path, children perform various tasks, while using or making the necessary equipment and attributes. Most often, preschoolers play with pebbles (as the most common object), but leaves, cones, seeds, etc. are also used.
Examples of tasks for a health path in a preschool educational institution
Let’s take a closer look at some of the tasks and exercises that may be included in the health path route at a preschool educational institution.
Thus, among the tasks that can be offered to children, for example, at the “House of Queen Mathematics” station, is laying out a sequence: arranging pebbles by size (from small to large) or making more complex rows (for example, laying out the same number of pebbles of different lengths or, conversely, , their different numbers in rows of the same length). The child must understand which row has more, less or the same number of pebbles.
The next task is laying out geometric figures and numbers: the teacher draws the outline of the figure on the sand or asphalt, and the children repeat it with the help of pebbles. Pupils of senior preschool age can be asked to guess the figure from the dots (for example, the teacher lays out three pebbles, the child guesses that it is a triangle). An interesting game is tic-tac-toe using pebbles of two colors on a field drawn on sand or asphalt.
Throwing center
When visiting this station, it would be appropriate to become familiar with numbers and the alphabet: the teacher draws numbers or letters on the stones and uses them as teaching material.
You can also offer preschoolers the following exercises to develop perception:
walking barefoot on large rocks; trampling on a pile of small stones; laying out “paths” for fingers from stones; activity with a sensory box: sand is poured into the box, large and small, smooth and rough pebbles are placed; preschoolers, without looking, look for the necessary objects with their hands or trample their feet on such a mixed surface; activity with a tactile bag: pebbles of various sizes, shapes and textures are poured into a small opaque bag; children, at the request of the teacher, look for smooth, long, rough, round, small pebbles; balancing on stones: the teacher places boards of different heights on stones, students walk on them, balancing; exercise for the development of hearing: children knock pebbles on various surfaces (each other, wood, plastic, metal) and find out which sound is higher, lower, which sound is produced by a large stone, and which one can be knocked out by a small one; throwing stones into water (puddle, basin) and observing the consequences depending on the size, weight and shape of the stone, the depth of the reservoir; selection of objects by color: children match pebbles painted in the appropriate color to pre-prepared colored cards; game of “sorter”: several holes of different diameters are made in a small box - for small, medium, large stones; in another box - for oval, round, long and short stones; game of “scales”: an ordinary hanger with bags attached to its edges is placed on a tree branch; preschoolers, putting pebbles in bags, determine which one is heavier or how many stones are needed to balance one large and heavy stone (you can diversify the game by first trying to determine the weight by appearance or by weighing it on your hand, and then check the result on the “scales” ).
Sorting natural materials will also be an interesting task for children. To collect and sort natural material, you will need several sorter boxes. For clarity, pictures with corresponding images are glued to the cells of the box: stones, branches, cones, seeds, moss, grass. You can take several sorter boxes for a walk: put stones of different sizes and colors in one, soil samples in another, etc., depending on the purpose of the walk, the route of the health path to the preschool educational institution.
A sorter is a closed container with holes of different shapes that allows a child to sort objects by shape and size. If the sorter involves classifying objects by color, structure, type, then a box (for example, an egg box) with different compartments painted in different colors can be used as a sorter.
At the "Bureau of Findings" station you can offer pupils games of "finds and finds". For this purpose, special cards are made depicting the outlines of leaves of trees growing on the territory of the kindergarten, the outline or drawing of plants, objects of wildlife (trees, flowers, grass, birds), artificial landscapes (vegetable garden, flower garden, greenhouse, flower bed). Cards for sketching the location of a particular object must be prepared in advance.
They can be both collective and individual. The whole group of children plays with collective cards. They are kept by the teacher, and as they move along the route, he and the students note (either with a tick or by circling an outline) which objects have already been found and where to find others. You can use several identical cards for children to work in subgroups. In this case, an element of competition is added to the game.
It is better to involve parents in the production of individual cards. You can sort them by type of plant or natural material.
As an example, the appendix presents the routes of health paths in preschool educational institutions for junior and senior preschoolers.
Application
Approximate routes of health paths on the territory of preschool educational institutions for children of junior and senior preschool age 1
Junior preschool age
Building children
1st stop - “Flower garden: perennial plants”
Children examine what is on the site, name familiar flowers, and, depending on the time of year, tell how to care for them. The stop lasts 5 minutes.
2nd stop - “Future Olympians”
During this stop at the sports ground, the teacher or physical education instructor organizes games with preschoolers and physical education sessions 2. Stop time - 30 minutes.
Breathing game “Hamsters”
Children “turn” into hamsters hiding food behind their cheeks: they puff out their cheeks, close their mouths, breathe only through their noses - this is how they walk 10 steps. Then, at a signal from the teacher or physical education instructor, they clap their fists on their cheeks so that the air comes out of their mouth, and take another 15 steps.
Then the game repeats. The teacher monitors the preschoolers’ posture and correct breathing. The exercise is carried out for 2 minutes.
Exercise “What a beautiful back”
The teacher or physical education instructor recites the text, shows the appropriate movements, and the children repeat after him.
Teacher:
Hands along the body
(Children stand up straight.)
We squeezed our shoulder blades together.
(Blend your shoulder blades, keep your hands on your belt.)
We walk on our toes
(Turn around on their toes.)
We'll walk on our heels.
(Turn around on their heels.)
Let's go softly, like little foxes,
(They walk like a fox.)
Well, if you get tired of it,
Let's go together like a bear.
(They walkbearish.)
During the exercise, the teacher monitors the correct posture of the students and, if necessary, corrects them.
Game "Rain"
The game proceeds similarly to the previous exercise. The teacher or physical education instructor recites the text, shows the appropriate movements, and the children repeat after him.
Teacher:
Rain, rain! What are you pouring?
(Children do 4 claps.)
Won't you let us go for a walk?
(Perform stomps.)
Rain, rain! Stop pouring!
(Do 4 claps.)
Children, wet the earth, the forest!
(They jump in place.)
After the rain at the dacha
(They walk with a simple step.)
We'll jump through the puddles.
(They jump back and forth, as if through puddles.)
Game "Listen carefully"
Children walk in a column one at a time. At the whistle of the teacher or physical education instructor, they perform the appropriate movements:
1 whistle - jump on two legs;
2 whistles - stop;
3 whistles - walk in a half-squat.
The correspondence of the number of whistles to the movements is agreed upon in advance.
Game "Swamp"
Children are divided into teams - “frogs” and “cranes”. The teacher or physical education instructor plays the role of facilitator. Team members stand on two opposite sides of the site. A circle is drawn in the middle - a “swamp”. Children enter into a dialogue, which is completed by the presenter.
Frogs:
Frog frogs
They walk along the shore,
Komarikov-sudarikov
And they collect midges.
Cranes:
Crane-ships
Flying under the skies
All gray and white
And with long noses.
Leading:
Frog frogs,
If you want to be alive,
Then hurry up from the cranes
Go into the swamp.
“Frogs” jump over bumps into the “swamp”, “cranes”, flapping their “wings”, try to catch them. Caught "frogs" leave the game. The game continues until only two “frogs” remain.
Game "Sly Fox"
Children stand in a circle, shoulder to shoulder, holding their hands behind their backs. The teacher or physical education instructor plays the role of facilitator. He goes around the circle from the outside with a toy fox, quietly puts a toy in the hand of one of the children standing in the circle - chooses who will be the “fox”, and he himself stands in the center of the circle. The presenter, children and “fox” enter into a dialogue.
Leader and children:
Sly fox, where are you?
Fox:
Here I am!
All participants run up and hide anywhere, but so that their feet do not stand on the ground. Those who did not have time to do this, and who were smeared by the “fox”, end up in the “fox hole”. The game continues until there are two players left.
Then the movement along the path continues.
3rd stop - “Recreation area”
Children look at what trees grow on the kindergarten site, name them, find similarities and differences. The stop lasts 5 minutes. The range of questions and the nature of the discussion depends on the age of the children.
Senior preschool age
1st route option
Building children
1st stop - “Throwing Center”
A teacher or physical education instructor organizes throwing with children at vertical and horizontal targets in different ways. Stop time - 10 minutes.
Game "The Most Accurate"
Children take turns throwing the ball at a target from a certain distance. 3 attempts are given for throwing with the right and left hands. At the end, the winner is announced - the most accurate participant.
2nd stop - “Asphalt Games Zone”
A teacher or physical education instructor conducts outdoor games on the asphalt, on which “hopscotch”, labyrinths, “snakes”, “walkers” with numbers, letters, images of animals (for example, a cat, chicken, dog, sparrow, etc.) are pre-drawn .). The stop lasts 15 minutes.
Game "Snake"
Children take each other's hands to form a chain. The one who ends up at the end of the chain is appointed as the driver. He runs, carrying all the participants in the game with him, describing various figures: along drawn contours and circles, around trees, making sharp turns, jumping over obstacles; moves the chain like a snake, twisting it around the end player, then straightens it. At the end of the game, the “snake” stops and twists around the driver.
Breathing game "King of the Circle"
Children stand in a circle and, according to the counting, choose a driver, who stands with the rest of the players. A ball is placed in the hole in the center of the circle. Preschoolers, calling the driver by name, say: “...(call the driver’s name), don’t sleep, pick up the ball quickly!” The players scatter, and the driver runs to the hole, takes the ball and shouts: “Stop!” Then he calls one of the players by name and throws the ball at him. If he misses, he remains the driver - the “king”; if it hits a player, he, in turn, becomes the “king” and the game repeats.
Breathing exercise “Rhinoceros”
It is carried out with the aim of developing correct nasal breathing. A teacher or physical education instructor invites children to “turn” into rhinoceroses: take a deep breath through their nose, puff out their cheeks and exhale through their mouth. Exhalation can be either vocal or silent. The exercise is repeated 2-3 times.
Game "Dash"
On opposite sides of the site, two “houses” are marked with lines, the distance between them is 10–20 m. The participants of the game are divided into two equal groups and occupy the “houses”. The driver stands in the middle of the platform. Players need to move from one “house” to another. But the driver does not let them pass, trying to make people run across. The one who was insulted leaves the game. The group with the most players at the end of the game wins.
Movement along the path continues.
4th stop - "Bird's Dining Room"
Children stop near the feeders, look at them and complete the tasks of the teacher or physical education instructor: find the highest, lowest feeder, feed the birds, etc.
The health path ends at the entrance to the kindergarten.
2nd route option
Building children
The route begins with students lining up in pairs at the entrance of the kindergarten.
1st stop - “Climbing Center”
A teacher or physical education instructor invites children to climb in different ways on a special climbing board. Stop time - 10 minutes.
2nd stop - “Path of Health”
A teacher or physical education instructor invites children to walk along the “Path of Health”, the main goals of which are:
prevention of flat feet, improvement of coordination of movements; improving the functions of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems; increasing resistance to infectious diseases; improving the emotional and mental state of children, introducing them to a healthy lifestyle.
Stop time - 10 minutes.
3rd stop - “Ball School”
During this stop, the teacher or physical education instructor organizes games with children and physical education sessions. Stop time - 30 minutes.
Breathing game “Kings of the Winds”
The children are given pinwheels. A teacher or physical education instructor says: “Once winds gathered from different parts of the world and decided to choose the strongest. They organized a competition to see which wind blows the strongest.”
Pupils are divided into pairs and, at the command of the teacher or physical education instructor, blow on the turntable. The teacher shows how to blow correctly: air is inhaled through the nose and exhaled sharply through the mouth. Whose spinner spins the longest wins. The winners are solemnly awarded the title “Kings of the Winds”.
Game "Catch a mosquito"
Players stand in a circle, at arm's length, facing the center. The teacher or physical education instructor stands in the middle of the circle. He holds in his hands a rod 1–1.2 m long with a cardboard mosquito tied to a cord. Cord length - 50 cm.
The teacher circles the rod (“circling the mosquito”) over the heads of the players. Children try to catch the “mosquito” when it flies over them. The one who grabs the “mosquito” says: “I caught it!” Then the game repeats.
Game "Find Your Color"
Children are given flags of 3-4 colors, they are grouped in groups of 4-6 people in different corners of the site. In each corner, the teacher or physical education instructor places a colored flag on a stand. At the teacher’s signal “Go for a walk!” The pupils disperse around the playground. To the words “Find your color!” they gather near the flag of the corresponding color. The teacher notes which group members gathered faster.
Game "My funny, ringing ball"
Children are located in different places on the playground. The teacher or physical education instructor stands in the center, takes a large ball and, hitting it with his hand on the ground, reads S. Ya. Marshak’s poem “Ball” (“My cheerful, ringing ball...”). Then he calls the players over and invites them to jump like balls. Children jump at a given pace.
The teacher puts the ball down and repeats the poem, moving his hand as if he were continuing to hit the ball. Children jump, trying to keep the same pace. Having finished reading the poem, the teacher says: “I’ll catch up!” - and the students run away. He tries to catch them, making deceptive movements in different directions, then gives the command: “Form up!”
4th stop - “Jungle”
This is a corner of untouched nature on the territory of a preschool educational institution with an artificial grass slide. There is climbing equipment and three-dimensional models of various animals.
Children examine what is on the site and perform tasks of varying degrees of difficulty: going up and down a grassy hill, walking on a log, jumping off rocks and stumps.
The health path ends at the entrance to the kindergarten.
1 The routes were developed by senior teacher E. B. Melnikova and physical education instructor N. N. Bacherova MBDOU “TsRR - kindergarten No. 217” in Barnaul, Altai Territory. - Note. auto 2 You can conduct other outdoor games that are appropriate for the age of the children. - Note. auto 3 On teaching preschool children exercises with a ball, see: Handbook of a senior preschool teacher. 2014. No. 7.
From the experience of MBDOU 217 in Barnaul Several special educational routes of varying difficulty categories have been developed throughout the territory of the kindergarten, depending on the children’s health group, age, and interests. Several special educational routes of varying difficulty levels have been developed throughout the kindergarten territory, depending on the children’s health group, age, and interests.
Educational paths are specially organized routes for children through the territory of a preschool educational institution with visits to the asphalt play area, Centers for educational and research activities, environmental and health trails. Educational paths are specially organized routes for children through the territory of a preschool educational institution with visits to the asphalt play area, Centers for educational and research activities, environmental and health trails. Walks along the health path are carried out in natural conditions, in the fresh air, on the principle of gradually increasing the pace and physical activity, which promotes hardening, increasing physical endurance, and normalizing the psycho-emotional activity of children. Walks along the health path are carried out in natural conditions, in the fresh air, on the principle of gradually increasing the pace and physical activity, which promotes hardening, increasing physical endurance, and normalizing the psycho-emotional activity of children.
The territory of the preschool educational institution, along which there are several walking routes (terrenkurs), is a green area with favorable sanitary and hygienic conditions, intended for games, entertainment, physical education and cultural and educational activities for preschool children. The territory of the preschool educational institution, along which there are several walking routes (terrenkurs), is a green area with favorable sanitary and hygienic conditions, intended for games, entertainment, physical education and cultural and educational activities for preschool children.
The route includes not only specially created Centers, but also a sports ground, an asphalt games area, a health trail, an ecological trail, flower beds, a vegetable garden, a greenhouse and other possible objects on the territory of the preschool educational institution. The route includes not only specially created Centers, but also a sports ground, an asphalt games area, a health trail, an ecological trail, flower beds, a vegetable garden, a greenhouse and other possible objects on the territory of the preschool educational institution.
Walking structure: gathering and moving to the next stop on the path; collection and movement to the next stop on the path; stop, halt, cognitive and research activity of children and adults; stop, halt, cognitive and research activity of children and adults; a complex of recreational games and physical exercises; a complex of recreational games and physical exercises; independent activity of children; independent activity of children; collection of preschoolers and return to the group collection of preschoolers and return to the group
One of the ways to create a unified educational space for the development of a child, including the adjacent territory, may be the organization of Centers for cognitive and research activities on the territory of preschool educational institutions. One of the ways to create a unified educational space for the development of a child, including the adjacent territory, may be the organization of Centers for cognitive and research activities on the territory of preschool educational institutions.
While moving along the health path from one Center (or Home), children perform various exercises, conduct experiments, research, do mathematics, compose oral stories, study the properties of plants and traces of birds and animals, do physical exercises, play outdoor and asphalt games . While moving along the health path from one Center (or Home), children perform various exercises, conduct experiments, research, do mathematics, compose oral stories, study the properties of plants and traces of birds and animals, do physical exercises, play outdoor and asphalt games .
In such a play space, the child learns a lot - to communicate with the outside world, he develops large and fine motor skills, speech, intonation, eye, correlating movements.
The content of walking walks depends on the chosen topic, time of year and weather. In the content of the walk-terrenkur, teachers can include: educational conversations educational conversations observation of insects, birds, plants observation of insects, birds, plants collection of natural material collection of natural material familiar to children active and didactic games familiar to children, active and didactic games, attention games, attention games
Sports games sports games a set of health-improving physical exercises depending on the time of year and weather conditions, age characteristics of children a set of health-improving physical exercises depending on the time of year and weather conditions, age characteristics of children
“Samodelkin’s House” Tables, benches, canopy, containers for storage and sorting. Tables, benches, canopy, containers for storage and sorting. This is a kind of Workshop where you can create installations from waste material, cardboard, plastic bottles, old broken parts from various cars, mechanisms, etc. This is a kind of Workshop where you can create installations from waste material, cardboard, plastic bottles, old broken parts from various cars, mechanisms, etc.
The outline denotes some figure, for example, the fairy-tale character “Frog Princess”, “Baba Yaga”, “Thumbelina”, “Heel”, “Puss in Boots”, or the skeleton of a “rocket”, “mansion”, “Baba’s house” yagi." The outline denotes some figure, for example, the fairy-tale character “Frog Princess”, “Baba Yaga”, “Thumbelina”, “Heel”, “Puss in Boots”, or the skeleton of a “rocket”, “mansion”, “Baba’s house” yagi."
Playground complexes for groups of different ages should alternate with lawns, green areas of the free-use landscape, on which boulders, stumps, tree trunks, etc. are picturesquely scattered. Playground complexes for groups of different ages should alternate with lawns, green areas of the free-use landscape , on which boulders, stumps, tree trunks, etc. are picturesquely scattered.
The transformability of space implies the possibility of changes in the subject-spatial environment of the territory adjacent to the Organization, depending on the educational situation, including the changing interests and capabilities of children. The transformability of space implies the possibility of changes in the subject-spatial environment of the territory adjacent to the Organization, depending on the educational situation, including the changing interests and capabilities of children. Entertaining and educational routes on the territory of the preschool educational institution. A playground on the asphalt, in addition to traditional classics, zigzags, paths, may include a “sound track” for kids. A playground on asphalt, in addition to the traditional classics, zigzags, and paths, may include a “sound track” for kids. When passing the sound track, stepping into a circle in which different animals are drawn, the child must make certain sounds “Moo-u”, “Quack-quack”, “Quack-quaw”, etc. When passing the sound track, stepping into a circle in which different animals are drawn, the child must make certain sounds “Moo-u”, “Quack-quack”, “Quack-quaw”, etc.
Characteristics of the developmental subject-game environment at the preschool educational institution site, taking into account the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard: problem saturation; problematic saturation; openness to active development by the child, dialogical way of functioning; openness to active development by the child, dialogical way of functioning; unusualness; unusualness; clear design of subject development sources; clear design of subject development sources; multifunctionality; multifunctionality; adaptability to the needs of joint activities of children and adults. adaptability to the needs of joint activities of children and adults.
The experience is presented in the publication of Davydov O.I. Educational health paths on the territory of the kindergarten (cognitive and research activities of children during a walk, taking into account the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard). – AltGPA, p. Davydova O.I. Educational health paths on the territory of the kindergarten (cognitive and research activities of children during a walk, taking into account the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard). – AltGPA, p.
The health of a preschooler, its protection and strengthening is a priority for the preschool education system; the problem of an integrated approach to strengthening the health of children and the effectiveness of this work remains relevant. To solve this problem, the teachers of our institution have created optimal conditions for the health improvement of preschoolers in a kindergarten in the following areas:
Protection and strengthening of the child’s psychophysical health;
Ensuring the emotional well-being of each student;
Raising in children a conscious attitude towards their body and introduction to physical education and sports;
Kindergarten is an open educational system that ensures the physical, mental, emotional and socio-cultural well-being of the child.
For the physical education of preschoolers, a preschool educational institution has created a physical culture and health space: health corners, thematic exhibitions on physical education, sports and health centers in groups that allow physical activity, sports equipment, and non-traditional physical education equipment.
We decided to use the entire territory of the kindergarten with children of different age groups to improve the health of our children. Health routes have been developed.
Our health path is a system of dosed walking, jumping, running, outdoor and sports games using these routes through the territory of the kindergarten.
The new technology is interesting and convenient for children because they like:
Simplicity and naturalness of movements;
The ability to perform them at any time in the air;
Attractiveness due to the possibility of gaming motivation.
Medium group routes
Monday: Route 1
Stop 1 “Flower Bed”-
Clarify the names of flowers, their structure, features of their size, color, shape of petals, leaves, stems; encourage comparative statements; pay attention to the fact that some flowers smell nice.
The flower was sleeping and suddenly woke up
The flower was sleeping and suddenly woke up - (torso to the right, to the left.)
I didn't want to sleep anymore. (torso forward, backward.)
He moved, stretched, (Hands up, stretch.)
He soared up and flew. (Hands up, left, right.)
The sun will just wake up in the morning,
The butterfly circles and curls. (Spin around.)
Game "Guess the description"
It's morning! Stop sleeping!
Before you take off,
You need to stretch your wings.
Up wing, down wing,
And now it’s the other way around! (One straight arm is raised, the other is lowered, the arms change with a jerk.)
We spread our wings to the sides,
And we bring the shoulder blades together. (Hands in front of the chest, jerking your arms to the sides.)
They leaned left and right,
And they bent back and forth. (Tilts left-right, forward-backward.)
On command we squat -
One two three four five.
Let's do the exercise.
Chur, friends, don't lag behind! (Squats.)
Game exercise “Herons”
"Frogs"
Stop 3 “At the sandbox”-
Teach children to play together, continue to introduce children to the properties of sand, and develop imagination when sculpting figures from sand.
We put our hands out: (Arms to the sides.)
A plane appeared. (They flew like airplanes.)
Flapping the wing back and forth, (Tilts left and right.)
Do "one" and do "two". (Turns left and right.)
One and two, one and two! (Clap our hands.)
Keep your arms to the sides, (Hands to the sides.)
Look at each other. (Turns left and right.)
One and two, one and two! (Jumping in place.)
They put their hands down, (They dropped their hands.)
And everyone sit down! (Sit down.)
Game “Make a figure”
Stop 4 “Visiting the maple tree”-
The wind quietly shakes the maple tree,
Tilts right, left:
One - tilt and two - tilt,
The maple leaves rustled. (Feet shoulder-width apart, hands behind the head, body tilted left and right.)
Game “Which tree is the leaf from”
P.I. "Wind and Leaves"
Tuesday: Route 2
Stop 1 “Grass-ant” -
Learn to establish a connection between the state of living nature and inanimate nature, develop the ability to express your thoughts, and cultivate a love for nature.
There is silence all around
The mowers went out into the meadow.
Swinging the scythe back and forth,
Do it once and do it twice. (Children make movements with straight arms to the left and right with a rotation of the torso of the leg in front.)
Game "Who eats what?"
P.I. "Blind Man's Bluff"
Stop 2 "Garden"-
To form generalized ideas about vegetables (vegetables are the succulent parts of herbaceous plants that are grown in the garden for consumption), to clarify the idea of the variety of vegetables.
Now turn on the pump,
We pump water from the river,
Left - one, right - two,
Water flowed in a stream.
One, two, three, four - (3 times.)
We did a good job. (Tilt to the right, the left hand slides up along the body (to the armpit); tilt to the left, move up with the right hand.)
Game “Edible-Inedible”
Stop 3 “Kubansky Dvor” -
We teach children to listen to the teacher, develop thinking, and cultivate love for their small homeland.
Hey blacksmith, well done
My stallion limped.
You shoe him again.
Why not shoe it?
Here's a nail, here's a horseshoe -
One, two and done. (Children walk, fall on one leg, then the other, spread their arms to the sides, strike each word in front of them with their fists in the air.)
P.I. "Duck and Drake"
Stop 4 “Sports ground” -
And now the step is in place.
Legs up! Stop, one, two! (Walk in place.)
Raise our shoulders higher
And then we lower them. (Raise and lower your shoulders.)
Place your hands in front of your chest
And we perform jerks. (Hands in front of chest, jerks with arms.)
You need to jump ten times
Let's jump higher, let's jump together! (Jumping in place.)
We raise our knees -
We perform the step on the spot. (Walk in place.)
We stretched with all our hearts, (Stretching - arms up and to the sides.)
And they returned to the place again. (Children sit down.)
Game “Who is louder” (tossing the ball up, say the name)
Wednesday: Route 3
Stop 1 “Visiting the birch tree”-
Fix the name of the trees, tell what benefits trees bring to humans, and cultivate a love for nature.
The wind blows in our faces
The tree swayed.
The wind is quieter, quieter, quieter.
Game “Which tree is the leaf from”
Develop children's physical activity and foster friendships through play.
One - get up, stretch, (Stretch.)
Two - bend over, straighten up, (Bent your backs, hands on your belt.)
Three - three claps, (Clap your hands.)
Three nods of the head. (Head movements.)
Four - arms wider, (Arms to the sides.)
Five - wave your arms, (Wave your arms.)
Six - sit down again. (Sit down.)
P.I. "Through the Stream"
"Catch up with your shadow"
Stop 3 "Playground" -
Develop children's physical activity and foster friendships through play.
The children stood exactly in a circle,
And then they suddenly sat down.
Together we took a leap,
There is cotton above the head.
And now everything is together
Let's jump over the puddle!
And now they're going in circles
They smile at each other. (Movements according to the text.)
P.I. “The Hunter and the Hares”
P.I. "By the Bear in the Forest"
Stop 4 “Visiting the Birds”-
Identify the peculiarities of birds’ adaptation to the seasons (establish a connection between the nature of food, the availability of food and adaptation to weather conditions. We continue to get acquainted with some of the habits and features of the appearance of birds.
Signs: birds started singing in the rain - for clear weather; Sparrows chirp cheerfully in inclement weather - to clear weather.
A nimble tit is jumping, (Jumping in place on two legs.)
She can’t sit still, (Jumping in place on her left leg.)
Jump-jump, jump-jump, (Jumping in place on the right leg.)
Spun like a top. (We spin around in place.)
So I sat down for a minute, (Sit down.)
She scratched her chest with her beak, (Standed up, tilted their heads left and right.)
And from the path to the fence, (Jumping in place on the left leg.)
Tiri-tiri, (Jumping in place on the right leg.)
Shadow-shadow-shadow! (Jumping in place on two legs.)
(A. Barto)
DI. "What kind of bird is this"
P.I. "Sparrows and the car"
Thursday: Route 4
Stop 1 “Playground” -
Develop children's physical activity and foster friendships through play.
One, two - they stood up together, (We walk in place.)
We'll put our hands straight. (Hands on the belt.)
Three, four - let's separate, (Hands to the sides.)
We'll start studying. (Bends forward with hands touching the toes of the foot (left hand-right leg; right hand-left leg).)
Let's stand on our toes from our heels, (Rise up on our tiptoes, hands on our belts.)
We looked to the right, to the left, (Turns the head left and right.)
We sat down on our toes (Squats.)
And how the birds flew. (Let's run)
Independent play activities of children
Stop 2 “Sports ground” -
Develop children's physical activity and foster friendships through play.
So that we can warm up better,
Let's bend deeper.
Leaning forward
And then vice versa. (Bends forward and backward.)
Here's another task -
We do squats.
Don't be lazy to squat!
One two three four five. (Squats.)
We walk together, cheerfully,
But it's time to end the vacation. (Walk in place.)
Stop 3 “Experimental site” -
Teach children to answer the teacher’s questions, develop thinking, the ability to notice changes, and cultivate a love of nature.
To pick flowers in the forest,
Bend over to your toes.
One is a flower, two is a flower.
And then we will weave a wreath. (Bend forward, first to the right leg, then to the left.)
Conversation “What will happen to a flower if it is picked?”
Stop 4 "Park" -
Arouse interest in the world around you; form realistic ideas about nature; broaden your horizons, enrich your vocabulary, activate memory and attention.
We stretch our hands to the ceiling,
Like a flower to the sun. (Stretching, arms up.)
Let's spread our arms to the sides,
As if we were spreading leaves, (Stretching, arms to the sides.)
Let's raise our hands sharply up,
One two three four.
We flap our wings like geese.
And then we’ll quickly lower it. (With a sharp movement, raise your arms straight out to the sides, then lower them.)
Like hopscotch, a little bit
We jump on the right leg.
And now on the left too.
How long can we hold out? (Jumping on one leg.)
Observing trees in the park.
Game “Find the leaf that I will show you”
Friday: Route 5
Stop 1 “Beauty Christmas Tree” -
Continue to teach children to describe trees, noting their differences and similarities, characteristic features; cultivate a love for nature.
The wind blows in our faces
The tree swayed.
The wind is quieter, quieter, quieter.
The tree is getting higher and higher. (Children imitate the blow of the wind, swinging their torso in one direction or the other. When they hear the words “quieter, quieter,” the children squat, and when they say “higher, higher,” they straighten up.)
Independent play activities of children.
Stop 2 "Vegetable garden" -
To form generalized ideas about vegetables (vegetables are the succulent parts of herbaceous plants that are grown in the garden for consumption), to clarify the idea of the variety of vegetables.
There is a sunflower growing in the yard,
In the morning he reaches for the sun. (Children stand on one leg and stretch their arms up.)
Next to him is a second one, similar,
He is also drawn to the sun. (Children stand on the other leg and raise their arms up again.)
We turn the handles in a circle.
Don't accidentally hit your friend!
A few laps forward
And then vice versa. (Rotation of straight arms forward and backward.)
We had a wonderful rest
And it's time for us to sit down. (Children sit down.)
Game "Vegetable or Fruit"
Stop 3 “Fairy Glade”-
Teach children to invent fairy tales, develop thinking and imagination.
The bunny went out for a walk.
The wind began to subside. (Walk in place.)
Here he is jumping down the hill,
The green one runs into the forest.
And rushes between the trunks,
Among the grass, flowers, bushes. (Jumping in place.)
The little bunny is tired.
Wants to hide in the bushes. (Walk in place.)
The bunny froze in the grass
And now we too will freeze! (Children sit down.)
Making up fairy tales for children.
Stop 4 “Meadow of Flowers” -
To cultivate a feeling of joy when perceiving beautifully flowering plants, the desire to preserve them;
Let's walk through the forest together,
We are not in a hurry, we are not lagging behind.
Here we go out into the meadow. (Walk in place.)
A thousand flowers around! (Stretching - arms to the sides.)
Here is a chamomile, a cornflower,
Lungwort, porridge, clover.
The carpet is being laid out
Both right and left. (Bend over and touch your left foot with your right hand, then vice versa - touch your right foot with your left hand.)
Hands stretched to the sky,
The spine was stretched. (Stretching - arms up.)
We all had time to rest
And they sat down again. (Children sit down.)
Game "Name the color"
Memorizing a poem:
If I pick a flower,
If you pick a flower,
If everything: both me and you,
If we pick flowers,
All the clearings will be empty
And there will be no beauty.
Zavgorodnyaya Irina Vladimirovna
Educational paths – these are specially organized routes for children around the territory of a preschool educational institution with a visit to the play area on the asphalt, Centers for educational and research activities, environmental and health trails. Walks along the health path are carried out in natural conditions, in the fresh air, on the principle of gradually increasing the pace and physical activity, which promotes hardening, increasing physical endurance, and normalizing the psycho-emotional activity of children.
Walking structure:
Collection and movement to the next stop on the path;
Stop, rest, cognitive and research activities of children and adults;
A set of recreational games and physical exercises;
Independent activity of children;
Gathering of preschoolers and returning to the group.
Each “station” can have its own name
Moving to the health path from one Center (or House), children perform various exercises, conduct experiments, research, do mathematics, compose oral stories, study the properties of plants and traces of birds and animals, do physical exercises, play outdoor and asphalt games.
In such a play space, the child learns a lot - to communicate with the outside world, he develops large and fine motor skills, speech, intonation, eye, correlating movements.
Educational conversations
Observations of insects, birds, plants
Collection of natural material
Active and didactic games familiar to children
Games for attention
Sport games
A set of health-improving physical exercises depending on the time of year and weather conditions, age characteristics of children
Tables, benches, canopy, containers for storage and sorting.
This is a kind of Workshop where you can create installations from waste material, cardboard, plastic bottles, old broken parts from various cars, mechanisms, etc.
To create new Houses, it is most convenient to use portable flat layouts.
The outline denotes some figure, for example, the fairy-tale character “Frog Princess”, “Baba Yaga”, “Thumbelina”, “Heel”, “Puss in Boots”, “Teremok”, “Baba Yaga’s House”.
Complexes of playgrounds for groups of different ages should alternate with lawns, green areas of the landscape for free use, on which boulders, stumps, tree trunks, etc. are picturesquely scattered.
A playground on asphalt, in addition to the traditional classics, zigzags, and paths, may include a “sound track” for kids. When passing the sound track, stepping into a circle in which different animals are drawn, the child must make certain sounds “Moo-u”, “Quack-quack”, “Quack-quaw”, etc.
“Repeat counting” for older preschoolers.
Play area on the asphalt: Stencils (painting with flour)
Parkour is a youth street sport, the main element of which is to effectively and quickly overcome obstacles in an urban environment, without any auxiliary devices. Human nature is characterized by a thirst for exploration and the need to find new paths, this desire is already evident in young children. In childhood, each of us, without knowing it, practiced parkour (climbing trees, fire escapes, etc.).
The goal of parkour
An obstacle course is one of the most favorite children's pastimes. Overcoming an obstacle course develops a child physically (trains muscles, dexterity, coordination of movements), allows him to explore the capabilities of his body, teaches him intelligence and independence. By thinking about how to overcome an unfamiliar obstacle, the child learns to solve problems and look for a way out of difficult situations.
Obstacle course options
"Web"
b) 2 wooden stands.
"Stumps"
Problematic saturation;
Openness to active development by the child, dialogical way of functioning;
Unusuality;
Clear presentation of subject development sources;
Multifunctionality;
Adaptation to the needs of joint activities of children and adults.
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Organization and conduct of health paths and parkours with children on the territory of a preschool educational institution.
Educational paths – these are specially organized routes for children around the territory of a preschool educational institution with a visit to the play area on the asphalt, Centers for educational and research activities, environmental and health trails. Walking along the pathare carried out in natural conditions, in the fresh air, on the principle of gradually increasing the pace and physical activity, which contributes to hardening, increasing physical endurance, and normalizing the psycho-emotional activity of children.
Several special educational routes of varying difficulty levels should be developed throughout the kindergarten territory, depending on the children’s health group, age, and interests.
The route should include not only specially created Centers, but also a sports ground, an asphalt play area, a health trail, an ecological trail, flower beds, a vegetable garden, a greenhouse and other possible objects on the territory of the preschool educational institution.
Walking structure:
- collection and movement to the next stop on the path;
- stop, halt, cognitive and research activity of children and adults;
- a complex of recreational games and physical exercises;
- independent activity of children;
- gathering preschoolers and returning to the group.
The route is divided into several “stations” or houses
Each “station” can have its own name
“Meteorological Laboratory”, “In the Land of Fairy Tales”, “Glade of Heroes”, “Bird Canteen”, Recreation Center.
Moving to the process of moving along the routehealth path from one Center (or House), children perform various exercises, conduct experiments, research, do mathematics, compose oral stories, study the properties of plants and traces of birds and animals, do physical exercises, play outdoor and asphalt games.
In such a play space, the child learns a lot - to communicate with the outside world, he develops large and fine motor skills, speech, intonation, eye, correlating movements.
- educational conversations
- observing insects, birds, plants
- collection of natural material
- active and didactic games familiar to children
- attention games
- sport games
- a set of health-improving physical exercises depending on the time of year and weather conditions, age characteristics of children
"House of Samodelkin." "Musical wall"
- Tables, benches, canopy, containers for storage and sorting.
- This is a kind of Workshop where you can create installations from waste material, cardboard, plastic bottles, old broken parts from various cars, mechanisms, etc.
In summer there is a labyrinth on the asphalt, in autumn there is a labyrinth of dry leaves, in winter there is a snow labyrinth.
- To create new Houses, it is most convenient to use portable flat layouts.
- The outline denotes some figure, for example, the fairy-tale character “Frog Princess”, “Baba Yaga”, “Thumbelina”, “Heel”, “Puss in Boots”, “Teremok”, “Baba Yaga’s House”.
In winter, these can be snow sculptures and art objects.
- Complexes of playgrounds for groups of different ages should alternate with lawns, green areas of the landscape for free use, on which boulders, stumps, tree trunks, etc. are picturesquely scattered.
Entertaining and educational routes on the territory of the preschool educational institution
- A playground on asphalt, in addition to the traditional classics, zigzags, and paths, may include a “sound track” for kids. When passing the sound track, stepping into a circle in which different animals are drawn, the child must make certain sounds “Moo-u”, “Quack-quack”, “Quack-quaw”, etc.
- “Repeat counting” for older preschoolers.
Play area on the asphalt: Stencils (painting with flour)
Organization and conduct of parkours
Parkour is a youth street sport, the main element of which is the effective and quick overcoming of obstacles in an urban environment, without any auxiliary devices. Human nature is characterized by a thirst for exploration and the need to find new paths, this desire is already evident in young children. In childhood, each of us, without knowing it, practiced parkour (climbing trees, fire escapes, etc.).
The goal of parkour - quickly and beautifully move around the terrain in the shortest possible way without any aids. The equipment of a tracer (runner, as a follower of parkour is called) includes only a pair of good sports shoes. Like any other sport, parkour requires good physical preparation. Important points in training are also discipline, concentration, the ability to realistically assess your strength and self-control.
- An obstacle course is one of the most favorite children's pastimes. Overcoming an obstacle course develops a child physically (trains muscles, dexterity, coordination of movements), allows him to explore the capabilities of his body, teaches him intelligence and independence. By thinking about how to overcome an unfamiliar obstacle, the child learns to solve problems and look for a way out of difficult situations.
Obstacle course options
1. Balance exercises - walking on a wide (narrow) support (gymnastic bench), with different positions of the arms.
2. Climbing up and down the gymnastic wall in different and similar ways.
3. Crawling on a horizontal gymnastic bench while standing on your knees and sitting down while standing.
4. Exercises with elements of rock climbing.
"Web"
1. Made from: a) hat elastic (round) - 5 meters
b) 2 wooden stands.
2. We develop skills: climbing, coordination of movements of arms, legs, body, agility.
"Stumps"
1. Made from wood cuts of one or more diameters and stump heights.
2. Develops balance - a necessary component of any movement. Precision of movements, coordination, tone of leg muscles. Use requires concentration, attention, and volitional efforts from children.
An obstacle course for children can be equipped with obstacles (elements) in various combinations along the distance and consist of 6-10 elements (obstacles). Depending on the size of the gym or outdoor area (at gymnastics and sports camps), a stationary or, as a rule, transformable obstacle course is equipped.
Characteristics of the developing subject-game environment at the preschool educational institution site, taking into account the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard:
- problematic saturation;
- openness to active development by the child, dialogical way of functioning;
- unusualness;
- clear design of subject development sources;
- multifunctionality;
- adaptability to the needs of joint activities of children and adults.
Nomination
Goals, objectives, methods
Project "Educational health paths"
Objective of the project: to raise a healthy, comprehensively, harmoniously developed pupil of a preschool educational institution, active in choosing the content of his education in the process of passing the routes of educational health paths.
Project objectives:
- creating safe territorial conditions for walking;
Creating conditions for the manifestation of individuality, initiative and independence in various types of educational activities;
Construction of the educational process in accordance with the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard for Education;
Formation of the need for cognitive activity, physical activity, and a healthy lifestyle.
Novelty is that the authors applied the term “health path” used in sanatorium-resort treatment to the field of education, to the construction of the educational process in accordance with the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard for Preschool Education simultaneously with the improvement of the body of a preschool educational institution student.
Terrencourt(German: terrain + healing) - a method of treatment by walking ascents dosed by distance, time and angle of inclination along marked routes.
Educational path- a specially organized route for children, throughout the entire territory of the preschool educational institution, with favorable sanitary and hygienic conditions, during which the educational process is implemented simultaneously with the improvement of the pupil’s body.
The principles underlying the project:
Scientific principle consists in the use of well-founded and practically adapted methods aimed at improving the health and strengthening of the pupils’ body.
Principleaccessibility and individuality - building an individual educational trajectory based on the characteristics, needs, initiative, interests of each child, giving the pupil the right to choose the content of his education.
Principleenvironmental education is considered as a continuous process of education, upbringing and development of the child, aimed at the formation of an ecological culture, careful attitude towards living and inanimate nature, and the environment.
Project implementation plan:
STAGE 1 Theoretical:
Preparation of the project “Educational health paths”;
Calendar and thematic planning of educational health paths for all age groups of preschool educational institutions;
Inspection of the territory of the preschool educational institution, determination of the location, content, design of stationary stations;
Development of measures to ensure child safety at each station;
Writing an additional general developmental program “Educational health paths - a method for the comprehensive development of preschool children in accordance with the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard for Educational Education”.
STAGE 2 Practical:
Improvement of the preschool territory;
Design of a map-scheme of health path routes indicating the location of stationary stations on the territory of the preschool educational institution;
Production of portable models, signs with names of stations and signs for them;
Design of stations in accordance with the requirements of protecting the life and health of children;
Conducting educational paths throughout the preschool educational institution for all age groups.
Preparing the territory of the preschool educational institution for practical work:
Creation of 8 stationary stations (“Sportlandia”, “Green Pharmacy”, “Flower Garden”, “Bird’s Canteen”, “Sand Island”, “Road Rules”, “Vegetable Garden”, “Rest”);
Creation of mini-vegetable gardens, flower beds, small architectural forms, sports facilities, health paths;
Creating conditions for joint creative and physical work of children and adults;
Creating conditions for cognitive development, experimental, research, and observational activities of students;
Creating conditions for sports, active, sedentary, didactic, theatrical, creative, intellectual games.
In addition to stationary stations, mobile stations are located on the territory of the preschool educational institution; the teacher plans their location, name, and content based on the tasks facing him and the interests of the children.
Preparing the teaching staff for practical work:
Studying literature on this topic;
Preparation of consultations;
Conducting workshops;
Creation of the project “Educational health paths” by a creative group of teachers;
Writing an additional general developmental program “Educational health paths - a method for the comprehensive development of preschool children in accordance with the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard for Educational Education”.
Calendar and thematic planning for each age group of preschool educational institutions;
Development of educational health path scenarios.
Parent preparation(legal representatives) pupils for practical work:
Individual and group consultations;
Communication on the website of a teacher, group, preschool educational institution MADOU "Kindergarten "Polyanka" p. Mirny" Tomsk region
Parent meetings;
Involvement in preparation and participation in educational health paths.
When all the preparatory work was carried out, the teachers led the students along the routes of educational health paths, passing through stationary and mobile stations, through environmental and health trails, implementing educational tasks, integrating 5 educational areas. When moving from station to station, students perform physical exercises, breathing exercises, and monitor their posture. At each station of the educational path, students learn the educational program.
detailed instructions
Requirements for organizing the route of educational paths:
- Taking into account physical activity, cognitive content, and interests of students;
- Taking into account the age characteristics of pupils (for children 2-3 years old, the route duration is 30 minutes, 2-3 stations; for children 5-7 years old, the duration is 1-1.5 hours, 6-7 stations);
- Taking into account the time of year and weather conditions;
- Clothes and shoes correspond to the time of year and weather conditions;
- Conducting safety instructions for students;
- Approval of the route by the senior teacher of the preschool educational institution;
- Availability of a first aid kit!
Rules for conducting an educational path:
1. Regularity of walks;
2. Carrying out a health path during a morning or evening walk (walking after meals is not recommended);
3. Clothing that does not restrict movement, is breathable, lightweight, comfortable shoes;
4. Compliance with the rules of San.Pin., safety precautions;
5. Performing physical exercises and exercises to restore breathing when moving from station to station;
6. Correct posture;
7. Smooth breathing
8. Good mood.
Rules for constructing the educational process:
The teacher and students determine the theme of the health path;
The teacher sets goals, objectives, plans the duration of the health path (in the winter season the duration is shortened, in the summer it increases);
Together with the children, he determines the stations that they would like to visit, plots the route of the health path;
Selects age-appropriate activity options, materials, games, and physical exercises to be performed on the way and at health path stations (children are given a choice);
Selects inventory, portable layouts.
The educational path is accompanied by control:
Cognitive activity, content richness, compliance with the age characteristics of students;
Choice of type of activity, materials, content of education;
Compliance with safety precautions;
Maintain proper breathing;
Maintaining correct posture;
Correct performance of physical exercises;
Maintaining optimal load;
The appearance of pleasant fatigue among route participants at the end of the journey.
Expected results
Expected results:
1. improvement of the territory of the preschool educational institution, transformation of the developing subject-spatial environment;
2. creating conditions for walking around the territory of the preschool educational institution;
3. activating the choice of activity for pupils;
4. reduction in childhood morbidity, introduction to a healthy lifestyle, hardening;
5. environmental education of children;
5. formation of the foundations of safe behavior at health path stations, as well as on roads, streets, and in everyday life;
6. good health of pupils.
Analysis of project results and conclusions
During the year, the teaching staff of the MADOU "Kindergarten "Polyanka" in the village of Mirny" of the Tomsk region worked on the project "Educational health paths", so we can talk about the results obtained.
Results:
The territory of the preschool educational institution has been improved, conditions for walking have been created, and the developing subject-spatial environment has been transformed;
The cognitive activity of pupils has been developed, the choice of type of activity and content of education has been intensified;
Childhood morbidity has been reduced, the desire for a healthy lifestyle and hardening has been developed;
The basics of safe behavior have been formed at each health path station, roads, streets, and in everyday life.
The professional competence of teachers has been increased in the conditions of innovative development of preschool educational institutions;
The educational process is carried out in accordance with the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard for Educational Education;
A catalog of scenarios for educational paths has been created for all age groups.
The following events were held on the subject of this project:
Regional practice-oriented seminar “The role of educational health paths in the environmental education of preschool children” 56 participants (teachers of the region)
District practice-oriented seminar “Environmental education of preschool children in the context of the implementation of the Federal State Educational Standard for Education” 24 participants (district teachers).
At the seminars, teachers from our preschool educational institution shared practical experience and theoretical knowledge, and also conducted a master class demonstrating the preparation and conduct of educational health paths.
At the moment, the preschool educational institution has the practice of conducting monthly educational paths in all age groups, at any time of the year. In addition, garden-wide health paths, health paths with the participation of parents, and the participation of elementary school students are held.
Reports are posted monthly for parents, the public on the websites of preschool educational institutions (http://tom-dsmirny.dou.tomsk.ru/), groups, and teachers.
An additional general developmental program "Educational health path - a method of comprehensive development of preschool children in accordance with the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard" has been written.
Teachers actively broadcast their experience at various educational institutions, seminars, and conferences. In addition, our kindergarten was recognized as an innovative platform in 2016, and also in 2017 received the status of a “Center for Continuing Environmental Education” thanks to the implementation of the “Educational Health Paths” project at the preschool educational institution.
Conclusions:The Educational Health Paths project is universal, convenient, and does not require large material costs for its implementation. A necessary condition is the presence of a large preschool territory. Work on this innovative project led to a positive effect in the process of comprehensive, harmonious development of a preschooler, as well as in the process of strengthening and healing the student’s body. Our children are less likely to miss kindergarten due to illness. The organization of the educational process in accordance with innovative activities made it possible to intensify the choice of activities of pupils, the choice of the content of their own education, to carry out environmental, patriotic, moral education of preschoolers at the same time as introducing them to a healthy lifestyle. Activities on the use of innovative technologies cover all types of activities of preschoolers and allow us to build an individual development route for each preschooler.
But we consider the most important result of the work on the “Educational Healthy Paths” project to be the happy faces of parents when they bring their rosy-cheeked, healthy children to our kindergarten every day, and the children happily come to us, our teachers, along the routes of educational health paths.
Video interview
Video interview with parents 2 minutes - http://hdd.tomsk.ru/desk/ncfcnyzj#, full version of video interview 11 minutes - http://dropmefiles.com/
Already in the second half of the 20th century, doctors began to recommend walking in mountainous areas to patients for medicinal purposes. Then the term “health path” firmly came into use. The first Russian route was laid about eighty years ago in the city of Kislovodsk. Now he is considered one of the best in the country. In this article we will try to answer the question: “Terrenkur - what is it?”
Concept
This term refers to a method of training therapy, which consists of dosed ascents uphill at an angle of 3 to 20 degrees. Health path walking is carried out in the fresh air, which hardens the body, increases physical endurance and normalizes psycho-emotional activity. This appointment is carried out individually, taking into account the current condition of the patient. Walking is corrected by a doctor according to such parameters as route length, pace, angle of ascent, number of rest stops, number of daily walks, etc. You have received the answer to the question: “Terrenkur - what is it?” Next, we will consider the main rules for using this walk.
Rules
Before developing a route program, the doctor must take into account the individual characteristics of the patient. This is the presence and condition of the cardiovascular system, the constitution of the patient and his age, the ratio of height to body weight (obesity or exhaustion), as well as fitness and physical endurance. Walking should be done every day at a cool time (early morning, late afternoon or before lunch). It is not recommended to climb immediately after eating. Before walking, you should pay attention to some patients may be very sensitive to the weather. In accordance with this, you need to either shorten the distance or move the path to another time. Clothes for walking should not restrict movement, and shoes should have heels.
Routes
As a rule, walking routes are laid in beautiful mountainous or rugged terrain with clean air and no wind. The degree of load is determined by the duration of the distance, the angle of elevation (from 3 to 20°), the number of breaks, pace (from 60 to 100 steps per minute) and other factors.
What is a health path in a sanatorium?
Walking is also practiced in this institution. There are sanatorium and general resort health paths. The former have three levels of route load: easy (up to 500 m), medium (up to 1000 m) and difficult (up to 3000 m). Along the route, break benches are installed in darkened areas every 200 meters. Resort routes vary greatly in both length and terrain.
Therapeutic walking is a simple and accessible method of preventing diseases, eliminating nervous tension and the consequences of an inactive lifestyle. It is a valuable addition to treatment with mineral waters, stimulates metabolism and normalizes the functioning of the digestive organs. Alternating relaxation and tension during a health path has a beneficial effect on the respiratory, circulatory and nervous system. While walking, a person is simultaneously influenced by the surrounding nature and climate, which has a positive effect on the psycho-emotional sphere and has a hardening effect on the body.
At resorts (health resort Zheleznovodsk), walking is used to treat patients with heart problems, digestive and respiratory diseases, metabolic disorders, as well as for rehabilitation after a heart attack and other diseases. For each resort, three main routes with varying degrees of physical activity have been developed. After the Olympics, the health path in Sochi became very popular, where several walking trails were also laid.
You should consult your doctor before walking. He will develop a route taking into account your individual characteristics.
Breathing during a walk should be uniform (through the nose). Moreover, breathing must be combined with the pace and rhythm of walking (flat road - exhale for 3-5 steps, inhale for 2-4; rise - exhale for 3-4 steps, inhale for 2-3). It is better to keep the step on the rise short.
Therapeutic walking should end an hour before taking mud applications, narzan baths and other physiotherapeutic procedures. After taking the procedures, you can engage in dosed walks on level ground after a couple of hours.
A good sign that a walk is tolerable is free, even breathing, pleasant slight physical fatigue, and a feeling of satisfaction. If there is pain in the heart area, high pulse, shortness of breath, severe fatigue, then walking exercises are not organized correctly. If such symptoms appear, you should immediately stop walking and consult a doctor.
General walking rules
Anyone who knows the answer to the question: “Terrenkur - what is it?” adheres to the rules listed below.
1. It is better to do walking in the late afternoon or in the morning. In sunny weather, a hat will not hurt.
2. Beginners should start with 500 meters at the slowest pace and take breaks every 100 meters.
3. For self-monitoring, every 5 days you need to count your pulse at the beginning of the route, at the end and after 5 minutes of sedentary rest. After the break, the heartbeat should return to normal.
4. The appearance of slight fatigue at the end of the route is a sign of proper training. Noticeable fatigue indicates an incorrectly chosen rhythm or too long a distance.
5. As for children, a health path in kindergarten is undesirable. The kids will get very tired of it. But it is very useful for school-age children.
Impact on the body
The fragrance of flowers, picturesque gorges, and mountain peaks give vigor and create a great mood. After completing the route, your appetite improves and your sleep becomes sound.
Walking on flat terrain, alternating with climbing, optimally loads the ligamentous-articular apparatus and muscular system, normalizes metabolism, increases oxygen consumption and activates blood circulation.
Descending from the mountain stimulates the functioning of organs, which is especially important for sluggish intestines.
The health path is especially useful for obese people. It promotes weight loss. An hour of brisk walking burns about 35 grams of fat.
Health path for osteochondrosis
In order for all organs and systems of the human body to function optimally, you need to run or walk at least 1 hour a day. If you have osteochondrosis, running is strictly contraindicated. Patients with pulmonary and heart failure, with impaired motor functions, as well as with exacerbations of chronic diseases (the same osteochondrosis) should dose health path.
During rehabilitation after aggravated osteochondrosis, walking is dosed as follows:
- The pace increases very gradually (from slow to normal).
- The first days you need to walk with crutches, then with a cane and only then without it.
- The duration of walking should increase slowly (from 5 minutes to 1 hour).
- In the first days after an exacerbation, you need to wear a weightlifting belt or an orthopedic corset that relieves the load on the spine.
- After every 10 minutes of walking, you need to rest for the same amount. In the future, the break should be reduced to 5 minutes for every half hour of the path.
During a walk, it is necessary to monitor the exercise tolerance of the cardiovascular system. The best way is an ECG during a health path. This control can be prescribed by a doctor. You can carry out daily monitoring yourself by assessing your well-being and measuring your pulse.
Terrenkur Belokurikha
This wonderful resort town has several hiking trails. The most popular one leads to the Old Mill. The steepness of the climbs is 3-6 degrees, the total length is 2.4 km, and the highest point above sea level is 375 meters. A minimal decrease in oxygen in the air, a gradual decrease in atmospheric pressure as you rise, and a moderate increase in the content of air ions make this route accessible to most people with no contraindications.
The most difficult route is the trail to the top of Mount Kruglaya, 2.5 km long. There are significant variations in slope steepness, atmospheric pressure and oxygen content. All this trains the human body well. To travel this route, you need to spend 1.5 times more energy than on the road to the Old Mill.
Now you know the answer to the question: “Terrenkur - what is it?” It remains to mention two favorite tourist routes in Belokurikha. This is a “romantic” path to the “Pine of Love” and a trail to the “Dunyushkin Log” spring.