Center for the treatment of urological diseases. Urology. How is the diagnosis
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The list of medical organizations was compiled based on the analysis of feedback from patients treated according to the urological profile. All clinics presented in the list have more positive responses than negative ones.
State clinics
Russian Children's Clinical Hospital
The Russian Children's Clinical Hospital (RCCH) in Moscow is the country's largest children's multidisciplinary hospital complex.
The Department of Urology is one of the largest clinical divisions of the RCCH (60 beds). Patients are accommodated in 1-, 2- and 4-bed rooms. Children of early age groups are hospitalized with their parents.
The diagnostic base of the department meets the modern requirements of pediatric urology. Modern diagnostic methods are used: ultrasound, excretory urography, cystourethrography, urethrocystoscopy, radioisotope study, urodynamic studies, computed tomography, angiography, laparoscopy, electromyography.
Most children are sent from regional medical institutions to clarify the diagnosis, undergo surgical treatment or correct various urological complications. Approximately 1,500 patients receive treatment annually, most of whom undergo surgery. Patients operated on in the Department of Urology of the RCCH are under observation until the age of 17 or a statement of recovery.
The concept of the department is to ensure that a patient with any pathology of the genitourinary system, from phimosis to cloacal anomaly, receives qualified assistance.
Children's City Clinical Hospital No. 9
GBUZ "DGKB No. 9 named. G.N. Speransky DZM" is a modern multidisciplinary medical institution.
The Center for Urology, Andrology and Pathology of the Pelvic Organs as part of the hospital has been operating since 1992 and provides assistance to children from 0 to 18 years old with diseases of the urinary system, genitourinary pathology, including urination disorders.
Children's City Clinical Hospital No. 13
The Filatov Children's Hospital is equipped with the latest medical equipment, which makes it possible to provide assistance to children with various diseases at the highest level.
The Department of Urology is one of the high-tech departments of the hospital. Every year, more than 3,500 children with malformations and diseases of the urinary system, genital organs, inguinal region and abdominal wall of any age from 0 to 18 years receive qualified assistance in the Department of Urology. More than 3,500 operations and over 800 endoscopic procedures are performed annually for children from Moscow, Russian cities and other countries. Academicians, professors, associate professors and assistants of the department take part in the medical work of the department. Doctors have at their disposal a variety of highly informative diagnostic methods, including endoscopic, functional, ultrasound, radioisotope, radiation (radiography, computed tomography, angiography). For the treatment of children, the latest endoscopic, microsurgical equipment is used. The staff of the department has accumulated vast experience in the treatment of malformations and diseases of the urinary system, using modern surgical and non-surgical methods.
City Clinical Hospital No. 52
Hospital 52 is the largest hospital in Moscow.
The urological department of City Clinical Hospital No. 52 is rightfully considered one of the leading urological departments in Moscow. The department has 50 beds. About 350 patients are examined and treated in the department every month, both on a planned and emergency basis.
The department is general urological, i.e. assistance to patients is provided with any pathology of the genitourinary system, including the full range of high-tech operations.
Particular attention is paid to the introduction and use of minimally invasive, low-traumatic interventions based on the latest technologies, which minimizes pain, reduces the length of the patient's stay in the hospital, reduces the recovery time after operations and, as a result, reduces the total period of disability.
The urology department is equipped with the most modern equipment. All types of surgical treatment are widely used, including open operations and minimally invasive interventions: endoscopic, percutaneous and laparoscopic surgical aids.
The department has its own X-ray operating room, where surgical interventions are performed under ultrasound and X-ray television control (percutaneous puncture nephrostomy, ureterolithoextraction, ureterolithotripsy, nephrolitholapaxy, etc.).
Transurethral resection (TUR) of the prostate gland, bladder, internal urethrotomy is also performed there.
Research Institute of Urology and Interventional Radiology
Research Institute of Urology and Interventional Radiology. ON THE. Lopatkina Branch of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "NMITs Radiology" of the Ministry of Health of Russia is the main center in Russia for the development and application in medicine of high-tech methods for diagnosing and treating patients with urological and oncourological diseases.
The Research Institute of Urology is the leading institution in the field of urology, which has brought up more than one generation of first-class specialists not only for Russia, but also for the CIS countries. A unique school of domestic urology was created here.
Highly qualified specialists work at the Research Institute of Urology: 17 doctors of medical sciences, 48 candidates of medical sciences, 100 researchers and 120 doctors. The latest diagnostic and treatment technologies are used, there are 8 clinical departments with a bed capacity of 150 beds, 8 laboratories, 17 scientific departments. The specialists of the institution perform 360 types of operations. There are 12,000 consultations per year. The number of operations performed at the Research Institute of Urology exceeds 3500 per year.
Diagnosis and treatment of complex pathologies is carried out using radiation technologies in the field of urology and nephrology, oncology.
City Clinical Hospital. Botkin
Approximately ninety thousand patients receive medical care at the hospital each year, of which more than fifty percent are admitted for emergency reasons.
Urology department №41. Urology Department No. 41 is a general urological department, patients with any urological diseases are accepted for treatment. The All-Russian Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Interstitial Cystitis operates on the basis of the department.
More than 2,000 patients are treated annually in the department, who undergo an average of 800 surgeries, of which about 100 are laparoscopic.
Patients in the department are accommodated in single, double and quadruple wards with individual toilet and shower rooms. The wards are equipped with oxygen, a communication system with nursing staff, and postoperative wards, in addition, with a system for continuous monitoring of vital functions with information displayed on the computer display of the resuscitator on duty.
Urology- a field of clinical medicine that studies the pathogenesis, etiology, diagnosis of diseases of the male reproductive system, urinary system organs, diseases of the adrenal glands and other pathological processes in the retroperitoneal space, as well as their methods of prevention and treatment.
Urology– branch of surgery (surgical discipline). Unlike nephrology, it most often deals with issues of surgical methods for treating diseases of all systems and organs that were listed above.
A urologist should provide assistance with such diseases as: various types of prostate diseases (adenoma, prostatitis), female and male infertility, deterioration of male potency, diseases of the adrenal glands and kidneys, urinary system (pyelonephritis, urethritis, cystitis, urolithiasis, etc.).
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Urology has modern technologies and equipment for making accurate and timely diagnoses, including:
Radiofrequency thermal therapy is a method of treating prostate adenoma and prostatitis based on non-surgical technology. The complex of treatment is based on the impact of directed radio waves of a specific frequency on problem areas of the prostate gland (with healthy tissues remaining intact). For the patient, this procedure is absolutely painless.
Echourethrography - UV examination of the bladder and urethra - a mandatory examination before the treatment of these organs.
History of urology
Even in the period of Hippocrates (VI-V centuries BC), there were "stone cutters" - specialists who knew how to remove stones from the bladder with perineal access. Avicenna in the "Canon of Medicine" described in detail the technique of the operation of removing stones from the bladder, he also created the technique of catheterization of the bladder.
Some historians are considered the founder of urology, Francisco Diaz, who published in 1588 a monograph on the causes, diagnosis, clinic, treatment of urological diseases, a description of urological instruments, and the technique of urological operations.
The outstanding "stone cutter" in Russia was I.P. Venediktov (XVIII century). Throughout his life, he managed to perform more than 3 thousand stone sections (postoperative mortality was about 4%). The first monograph on urology was the dissertation "On Bladder Diseases" written by Kh.I. Ceber in 1771.
The world's first urological department opened in 1830 in Paris, headed by Jean Civial (he was also the first to offer cystolithotripsy). The first urological department in the Russian Empire was opened in Odessa by T.I. Vdovikovsky.
In 1823, the first epicystolithotomy in Russia was performed; in 1830 - the first cystolitropsy, which was performed according to the method of Jean Civial A.I. Paul. The development of urology is closely connected with the names of A.M. Shumlyansky, I.V. Buyalsky, F.I. Inozemtseva, N.I. Pirogov.
In 1877, Maximilian Nitze first proposed a model of a cystoscope, he, while improving his invention, developed different versions of a cystoscope (irrigation, viewing, operating, evacuation). In 1893 he made the first cystoscopic photograph, and a year later he published the first cystophotographic atlas. The Cuban Johim Albarran in 1897 improved the cystoscope with a special device that made the procedure of ureteral catheterization possible.
In 1895, after the discovery of x-rays by Wilhelm Roentgen, radiology arose, which later turned into a branch of radiology. In 1927, for the first time in urological diagnostics, the use of radiology was used, when a contrast agent was introduced through a catheter into the bladder and renal pelvis of the patient, after which it was possible to obtain the first pyelogram showing the organs of the urinary system.
In 1907, the International Association of Urologists was opened in Paris, in 1908 the first international congress of urologists was held there.
In 1904, on the initiative of S.P. Fedorov in Russia, urology stands out as a separate science, in 1923 a decree was issued on the opening of departments of urology in medical universities of the country. In Russia in 1923 they began to publish the journal "Urology". In 1924, on the basis of the First City Clinical Hospital. N.I. Pirogov Professor N.F. Lezhnev opened a urology clinic, built on the basis of the city department.
The First All-Russian Congress of Urologists took place in Moscow in 1926. In the USSR, in 1929, excretory urography began to be used, since 1956 - hemodialysis, two years later - transfemoral renal aniography, and kidney transplantation since 1965.
Sections of urology
Urology will be divided into smaller branches of medicine with a narrower focus.
- Urogynecology.
Urogynecology is the science of the relationship between gynecological and urological diseases. There are many diseases that are suitable for both the field of gynecology and urology (for example, vaginal dysbiosis, urethritis in women, cystitis).
- Andrology.
Andrology specializes in the treatment and study of the male reproductive organs, as well as the problems of the development of the male reproductive organs. These can be both congenital problems (for example, phimosis), and inflammatory processes (cystitis, urethritis, prostatitis) and tumors.
- Pediatric urology.
Pediatric urology specializes in the treatment of diseases and malformations of the genitourinary system in children.
- Geriatric urology.
This branch of urology deals with the treatment of problems of the genitourinary system in elderly patients. Throughout the body, changes occur with age that adversely affect the work of many functions, including protective ones. This causes infectious urological diseases (for example, urethritis). Older women often suffer from urinary incontinence caused by constant physical activity or low muscle tone (after childbirth).
A feature of geriatric urology is that surgery is much more dangerous in terms of consequences.
- Oncourology.
Oncourology is a field of medicine that studies malignant neoplasms in the organs of the genitourinary system, their pathogenesis and causes, as well as methods for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of these diseases. Urology oncologists treat cancers of the prostate, bladder, kidneys, tumors of the penis and testicles; These diseases account for a significant proportion of urological diseases. The main method of treatment is surgery, but radiation therapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, hormonal therapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy are often used.
- Phthisiourology.
Phthisiourology is a branch of urology that is dedicated to the treatment of tuberculosis of the genitourinary organs (urinary tract, kidneys, genital organs).
- Emergency urology.
He specializes in providing timely, emergency medical care during the manifestation of such syndromes as severe hematuria, renal colic, acute urinary retention, anuria.
Symptoms of urological diseases
It is worth noting that the organs of the urinary system are characterized by specific symptoms. Many diseases have characteristic symptoms, and therefore it is realistic to make a diagnosis based on anamnesis data. But you still need to familiarize yourself with some specific symptoms.
Anuria- lack of urination, as well as the urge to it. There are reflex, secretory and excretory anuria (depending on the symptom). Secretory manifests itself with degenerative changes in the kidney parenchyma. It is caused by mechanical obstacles to the outflow of urine, for example, a tumor or stones in urolithiasis. Reflex anuria occurs as a reaction to pain.
In addition, anuria is divided into 3 forms:
Prerenal, prerenal occurs due to circulatory disorders in the kidneys. At the very beginning, the patient shows signs of oliguria: edema appears, fluid is retained in the tissues.
Renal, renal anuria develops during kidney diseases that appear suddenly; is the result of a primary lesion of the tubular and glomerular apparatus of the kidney. It usually occurs with pyelonephritis, chronic nephritis, kidney tuberculosis, as well as after major operations, burns, incompatible blood transfusions, etc.
Postrenal, postrenal anuria occurs when the outflow of urine is obstructed: usually with urolithiasis in humans.
Clinical anuria is manifested by disruption of the nervous, respiratory, cardiovascular systems and gastrointestinal tract. The patient may experience the following symptoms: headache, fever, drowsiness, muscle twitching, mental disorder, lethargy, vomiting, nausea, convulsions.
Leukocyturia- an increase in the number of leukocytes in the urine - most often indicates inflammation in the renal pelvis, bladder, or in the interstitial tissue of the kidneys. It acts as a symptom of diseases such as prostatitis, interstitial nephritis, pyelonephritis, cystitis and urolithiasis. Insignificant leukocyturia is often observed in the first days of acute glomerulonephritis in the case of renal amyloidosis.
Cylindruria- the appearance of cylinders in the urine. Since the cylinders are exclusively of renal origin, their formation in the urine indicates damage to the nephrons. But a small number of cylinders can be observed in the urine of an absolutely healthy person, this is especially noticeable after active and regular physical activity on the body. Hyaline casts, as a rule, accompany all kidney diseases that are associated with the release of protein with proteinuria (urine). Granular casts are formed from regenerated tubular epithelial cells. In the lumen of the tubules, waxy cylinders are formed (due to the death of the tubular epithelium). As for erythrocyte cylinders, they accompany diseases of the urinary organs with severe hematuria, leukocyte cylinders - with pyuria.
Most diseases of the urinary system can be accompanied by renal colic, namely, acute pain in the lumbar region. Usually they indicate nephroptosis, hydronephrosis, nephrolithiasis. Renal colic is manifested by a sharp stabbing pain in the lower back, which radiates to the thigh, groin, and genitals. Often the pain is felt more intensely in the genital area and in the abdomen than in the kidneys. There is difficult but frequent urination. An attack of renal colic can provoke physical activity (running, walking, etc.). Prolonged renal colic is accompanied by nausea, increased blood pressure, dizziness, and vomiting.
Edema syndrome occurs in many kidney diseases: kidney amyloidosis, glomerulonephritis, nephropathy in pregnant women. They are the most striking clinical manifestation of nephrotic syndrome. Moreover, localization can be different: they can be on the trunk, face, limbs. The rate of their formation can vary from several hours to several days. The edema itself may be soft or firm to the touch, or may be completely absent. Even before their formation, the patient's weight increases due to fluid retention in the body and a decrease in urine output, vomiting, nausea, and abdominal pain may begin.
Proteinuria- Elevated levels of protein in the urine. In urological diseases, this is one of the most common symptoms. It occurs due to an increase in the permeability of glomerular capillaries for plasma proteins. Proteinuria can be extrarenal (false) or renal (true). In the case of the latter, the protein content in the urine increases due to damage to the endothelium of the renal glomeruli (nephrosis, glomerulonephritis, stenosis, nephrosclerosis, amyloidosis of the kidneys). In addition, the true types of proteinuria are transient proteinuria (often manifested as a result of anemia, injuries, burns and diseases of the digestive system), physiological proteinuria (in newborns in the first weeks of life), orthostatic proteinuria (in adolescents and children with asthma). age combined with active growth at the age of 7-18 years).
Extrarenal proteinuria is caused by the breakdown of urine elements (urothelial cells, erythrocytes, leukocytes), which leads to protein entering the urine that has already passed the renal filter. That is why false proteinuria occurs in diseases that are characterized by erythrocyturia or hematuria. Often there is a transient proteinuria: centrogenous - after a concussion or an attack of epilepsy, alimentary - after eating rich protein foods; palpation - after prolonged vigorous palpation of the abdomen in the region of the kidneys; emotional - as a result of a nervous breakdown.
Renal hypertension is a cause and effect of certain kidney disease. For this reason, it is sometimes very difficult to determine what is primary. Hypertension is divided into 3 main groups:
renoparenchymal or parenchymal hypertension occurs as a result of bilateral or unilateral damage to the renal parenchyma (with pyelonephritis, glomerulonephritis, amyloidosis of the kidneys, nephropathy of pregnant women, etc.);
renovascular or vasorenal hypertension - damage to the renal vessels of various origins (compression due to external influences, narrowing due to atherosclerosis, congenital narrowing, etc.);
mixed hypertension occurs when the kidney tissue is damaged and as a result of impaired vascular patency (kidney cysts, tumors, nephroptosis).
Uremia is a self-poisoning of the body, caused by insufficient functioning of the kidneys, as a result of the accumulation of nitrogenous wastes (creatinines, uric acid, urea) in the body, a violation of neurohormonal regulation.
There are 2 forms of uremia: chronic and acute. The latter manifests itself most often in acute renal failure, which is caused by a circulatory disorder. Surgical uremia develops with kidney tumors, urolithiasis, nephritis.
In our time, the following diagnostic methods are used in urology:
physical methods - X-ray, ultrasound;
endoscopic methods (pyeloscopy, nephroscopy, cystoscopy, ureteroscopy, etc.), which, using special devices, allow you to examine the urethra, the inner walls of the pelvis, the inner surfaces of the urethra;
instrumental methods - examination of the bladder with a catheter, puncture biopsy (extraction of tissue for research), bougienage of the urethra and others;
urofluometry - a method that is carried out using a special device that measures the volumetric flow rate of urine;
cystomanometry (analysis of pressure inside the urea as you urinate or fill it).
On our portal Doctoroff.ru you will find information on a variety of urological diseases, their symptoms and effective methods of treatment. But the material is presented for information only, diagnosis and treatment should be done by a specialist.
Urology(lat. urina - urine, logos - science) - a field of medicine that diagnoses and treats diseases of the kidneys, bladder and urinary tract. In urology, nephrology is additionally distinguished, which more narrowly specializes in the pathology of the kidneys. Previously, urology also dealt with diseases of the male genital area. In our time, this direction in medicine has become a separate science - andrology. And although until now a urologist often combines the functions of an andrologist, a separation of these two specializations is gradually taking place. Also in urology, there are such narrow areas as urogynecology, pediatric urology, geriatric urology, oncourology, and phthisiurology.
The development of diseases in urology is often facilitated by such adverse factors as hypothermia, infections, STDs, addiction to alcohol, abuse of spices, spicy and smoked foods.
Diagnosis in urology is based on the use of a complex of x-ray, tomographic, endoscopic, ultrasound, laboratory, electrophysiological, urodynamic studies, and diagnostic operations.
The priority area of urology is the treatment of pathology of the organs of urination, urinary tract and the associated reproductive system in men and women. Practical assistance in urology is provided by specialists urologists, nephrologists, urologists-andrologists, urogynecologists, oncourologists.
Urology is more related to the field of surgery, but it also uses conservative methods of treatment. Therapy of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases (cystitis, pyelonephritis, glomerulonephritis, urethritis), urolithiasis is carried out by courses of drug treatment. Drugs used in urology include: antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodics, corticosteroids, diuretics, antihypertensives, anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents. With cystitis and urethritis, drug therapy in urology is often combined with physiotherapy and local treatment (bladder lavage, urethral bougienage, etc.)
In urology, many diseases and anomalies in the development of the urinary system require surgical treatment. The modern development of technology and medical instruments allows surgeons to perform operations using less traumatic techniques and with a lower risk of complications. For example, various methods of crushing stones (lithotripsy) make it possible to remove them with minimal risk of damage to the urinary tract. And thanks to a special shock wave apparatus, it became possible to destroy stones without surgical intervention - remote lithotripsy.
Today, endoscopic surgical interventions are the most common in urology. These are the so-called transurethral operations, which are performed through the urethra using an endoscope. They allow the removal of stones, cysts and neoplasms of the ureters, bladder, urethra by the endosurgical method and do not require an incision of the skin and underlying tissues for surgical access.
With the help of endoscopes in urology, laparoscopic and retroperitoneoscopic operations are performed, during which interventions are carried out under video control through mini-incisions in the anterior wall of the abdomen or in the lumbar region. Thus, a kidney resection is performed, removal of neoplasms, stones, cysts of the kidneys and ureters, operations to form anastomoses.
In urology, most previously developed surgical operations are now performed using a laparoscope and microsurgical instruments. The use of a surgical microscope and microsurgical instruments in urology allows the surgeon to perform the operation more accurately, with less damage to healthy tissues and the restoration of even small blood vessels and nerve bundles. All this helps to reduce blood loss during surgery, significantly reduce the likelihood of postoperative complications, and speedy recovery of the patient.
Urological care in Moscow
The direction of urology in Moscow is represented by specialized departments of multidisciplinary clinics and specialized centers. Urology in Moscow offers consultations of leading specialists with extensive practical experience, an attentive approach to each client, examinations using modern diagnostic equipment, the use of traditional and unique methods of treating urological diseases.
Contacting a urology clinic in Moscow is recommended for pain in the abdomen or lower back, frequent and painful urination, the appearance of blood or pus in the urine, a change in the color of urine, an increase in body temperature, and a deterioration in general well-being. In addition, preventive annual examinations by specialists in the field of urology in Moscow should be the norm for men and women who monitor their health.
Urology in Moscow deals with the treatment of urethritis, cystitis, pyelonephritis, glomerulonephritis, urolithiasis, renal failure, urinary incontinence, urinary fistulas, urethral strictures, nephroptosis, kidney cysts, developmental anomalies and tumor lesions of the urinary system. Urology in Moscow closely cooperates with andrology, gynecology, venereology, sexology, and oncology. Many urology clinics in Moscow offer comprehensive urological programs for men's and women's health, which make it possible to prevent or timely detect many diseases of the genitourinary tract.
The consequences of diseases in urology can be catastrophically dangerous, so the treatment of urological diseases must be dealt with at the earliest stages. Urology clinics in Moscow work in order to solve all the problems that have arisen in a timely manner and as soon as possible.
Modern urology in Moscow continues to improve diagnostic methods and treatment methods, taking into account new achievements in the field of medical technology and pharmacology. But we must not forget that in urology, as in other areas of medicine, the effectiveness of treatment largely depends on the disease itself, the timeliness of its treatment, the presence of concomitant pathology and the psychological mood of the patient. Important for successful treatment in urology is the adequate correction of appointments during treatment, the correct technique of surgical interventions and the patient's compliance with all the recommendations of the attending physician.
Specialists in the field of urology in Moscow warn: advanced cases of urological diseases, as well as diseases complicated by self-treatment, may require long-term and expensive correction and are not always completely curable, despite the use of the most modern methods.
The Urology section of the Beauty and Medicine website offers up-to-date information on services in the field of urology in Moscow. Here you will find the addresses of clinics, get acquainted with the description of procedures and operations, patient reviews, the comparative cost of urology services in Moscow.
- 2781 review
- 302 clinics where the service is provided Urology clinics in Moscow
- 3.4 – average rating, calculated on the basis of feedback and recommendations from patients
Service | price, rub. |
---|---|
Electrocoagulation(1 education) | 750 |
Secretion of the prostate gland | 950 |
Taking a swab from the urethra | 200 |
Treatment of pathology of the urinary system | 7150 |
secret of the prostate | 1100 |
Cultivation of synechia 2 cat. difficulties | 5000 |
Program: Men's health | 7750 |
Renephrostomy (replacement of nephrostomy drain) | 2230 |
Scraping from the urethral mucosa for PCR (DNA diagnostics of STDs) | 650 |
Denervation of the head of the penis | 44550 |
Urology Center- a specialized medical facility that provides qualified services for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of diseases of the urinary system, adrenal glands and the male reproductive system.
When to contact the urology center
The Urology Clinic admits patients with complaints of persistent pain in the genitourinary organs, impaired urination, pathological discharge from the urethra, the presence of pus or blood in the urine.
The Urology Clinic provides assistance in the treatment of the following pathologies:
- anomalies of the urinary organs;
- hydronephrosis;
- bed-wetting;
- pyelonephritis;
- cystitis, urethritis;
- nonspecific prostatitis;
- urolithiasis disease;
- the presence of foreign bodies and damage to the genitourinary organs;
- tumors and cysts of the urinary organs;
- kidney failure;
- impotence, etc.
How to sign up for a urological clinic on the website portal
Today, if necessary, everyone can seek help from the urology center. Moscow has modern medical centers of this profile, where treatment is carried out according to advanced methods.
To do this, on the main page of the site, you need to open the "clinics" tab. Then, in the panel that appears, indicate the specialization - "urologist", enter the area of \u200b\u200bthe capital of interest or the nearest metro station. After that, a list will open, and all that remains is to choose the urological center that is most suitable for location, cost of services and work schedule. To make an appointment at the selected clinic, it is enough to leave your phone number in the online application or contact the call center website.