Prevention of poor posture in preschool children (1) - Document. Consultation for parents "prevention of poor posture in preschool children" Prevention of poor posture in preschool children
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Prevention of poor posture in preschool children
Afanasyeva Dina Anatolevna,
teacher of the compensatory group
directions for children with obstructive disabilities
Recently, due to an increase in the number of children with poor posture, there is a need to create preschool institutions with an orthopedic focus.
Formation of correct posture – one of the most important tasks of physical education of preschool children. Correct posture ensures the normal functioning of the entire body and its individual systems. With incorrect posture, the respiratory organs are especially affected: the tops of the lungs are compressed, their ventilation decreases, proper breathing is disrupted (it becomes shallow), the vital capacity of the lungs and the mobility of the chest decrease. All this leads to more frequent respiratory diseases.
Why do modern children often experience poor posture? Obviously, the most important reasons include the high percentage of births of weakened children, a reduction in physical activity due to the priority of “intellectual” activities and, as a consequence, a decrease in muscle tone, as well as general weakness of muscles that are unable to maintain posture in the correct position. It is important to start preventing postural defects and correcting the existing type of postural disorder as early as possible, so that at school the child does not experience increased fatigue, headaches and pain in the trunk muscles.
Posture is formed from early childhood and depends on the harmonious work of muscles, the state of the skeletal system, the ligamentous-articular and neuromuscular apparatus, the uniformity of their development, and the physiological curves of the spine. Poor physical development of a child leads to poor posture, and poor posture impedes the functioning of internal organs, which leads to further deterioration in physical development.
It should be remembered that it is always more difficult to treat than to prevent the development of a pathological process. The motto of physical therapy was Tissot’s aphorism: “Movement can replace various drugs, but no medicine can replace movement.”
Since growth and the formation of posture are influenced by environmental conditions, parents and employees of preschool institutions must control the posture of children when sitting, standing, and walking.
The following are important:
Timely proper nutrition;
Fresh air;
Selection of furniture according to body length;
Optimal illumination;
The habit of correctly carrying heavy objects;
The habit of sitting correctly at the table;
Relax the muscles of the body;
Watch your own gait.
The main effective means of preventing postural defects is correct and timely physical education.
Special exercises for the formation of correct posture should be included in the morning exercises of children from the age of 4. From this same age, it is necessary to develop the skills of correct posture: when sitting on a chair and at a table.
Especially bad posture is caused by incorrect posture when writing, reading, watching TV, or playing on the computer. Table height should be 2-3 cm above the elbow of the child’s lowered hand. Chair height should not exceed the normal height of the shin. If your feet do not reach the floor, then you should substitute a bench so that your legs at the hip and knee joints are bent at a right angle. You need to sit on a chair like this to touch the back of the chair closely, maintaining the lumbar curve (lordosis). Distance There should be 1.5-2 cm between the chest and the table (the edge of the palm passes), the head is slightly tilted forward.
In our kindergarten, all conditions have been created for a systematic, preventive influence on the growing child’s body. Throughout the day, the group maintains an optimal motor mode: exercise therapy, physical education classes, physical education minutes, outdoor games, finger gymnastics, outdoor games, sports events, entertainment, therapeutic massage, therapeutic and corrective gymnastics, swimming pool.
Systematic swimming lessons and bathing have a beneficial effect on the development of the respiratory organs of preschool children. When swimming, the lifting force of the water, supporting the child on the surface, seems to lighten the body, therefore reducing the pressure on the musculoskeletal system of the skeleton, especially on the spine. Therefore, swimming is an effective means of strengthening the skeleton and is actively used as a corrective remedy.
In the afternoon, games are played to strengthen the muscular system, correct posture skills, and prevent flat feet. It is important to know that flat feet must be treated; it can even be prevented through preventive measures.
A number of methods are used to treat and prevent flat feet. Children perform barefoot during therapeutic gymnastics classes. This has not only a healing, but also a hardening effect. To strengthen the muscular-ligamentous apparatus of the ankle joint and foot, various types of walking are recommended: on pebbles, sand, ribbed and orthopedic paths, massage mats. At the same time, the foot reflexively “selects”, and active formation of arches occurs. As a result, pain in the legs decreases and stops, the spring function of the foot is restored, in addition, the overall tone of the body increases, weakened leg muscles are strengthened, coordination of movements is trained, and a correct and beautiful gait is formed.
Every loving parent wants to see their child happy. It is understood that a happy child is a person who is physically healthy and strong, mentally and aesthetically developed, who has a variety of practical skills that will help him establish himself in life, achieve success, and be loved by others. Therefore, in a preschool educational institution, it is necessary to search for new approaches to the health of children, based on a multifactorial analysis of external influences, monitoring the health status of each child, taking into account and using the characteristics of his body, individualizing preventive measures, and creating certain conditions.
It is necessary to establish unity in the approach to promoting the health of children in kindergarten and at home. To this end, we regularly hold parent-teacher meetings, consultations with specialists, joint exercise therapy classes, sports activities, holidays and entertainment. Parents take an active part in creating a developmental environment in the group and making orthopedic tracks. Parents’ attitude towards physical education and their children’s passion for outdoor games and exercises influences the formation of children’s interests and preferences. We must constantly remind parents of this, encouraging them to do morning exercises, games and exercises together with their children. The example of parents helps foster a stable habit of regular participation in morning exercises in a child. At home, it is advisable to use complexes of morning exercises, which are carried out in kindergarten.
It is necessary to explain to them the meaning and benefits of exercises that children do not like, to advise children to engage in those exercises that are worse based on their developmental characteristics. We recommend to parents what games to play with their children (descriptions of the games are posted in the parents' corner).
To maintain the achieved results in strengthening the musculoskeletal system and correct posture skills, parents are given recommendations for conducting therapeutic exercises at home. All sets of exercises are based on games.
The game develops positive character traits, a sense of justice and camaraderie. Being carried away by the game, children consolidate the necessary skills and bear the appropriate load. Each game has its own rules that determine the activity of the participants. Before the game starts, we clearly explain the rules to the students and strictly monitor their implementation. After each game we evaluate the actions of the players.
The goals of our work are: improving the health of the younger generation; creating conditions for protecting and promoting children's health; formation of children’s value attitude towards health and a healthy lifestyle; prevention of diseases of the musculoskeletal system in children through orthopedic play.
Objectives of orthopedic games:
cultivate a conscious attitude towards classes;
learn and consolidate elements of the skills of correct posture and fine motor skills of the toes;
teach skills to adopt and maintain correct posture;
teach the correct execution of exercises to develop posture and strengthen the arch of the foot;
teach hand and foot massage with massage balls;
In accordance with the objectives, orthopedic games are divided into five main groups.
Aimed at familiarizing with the properties of materials (pebbles, sand, water, etc.).
Aimed at improving individual elements of movement technique (keep your back, check your posture, etc.).
Aimed at getting to know the environment (animals, plants, etc.).
Aimed at developing physical qualities.
Conducted both with objects (balls, hoops, sticks, etc.) and without them.
A properly organized motor mode, active and varied physical activity of your child is the basis for the prevention of postural disorders, scoliosis and other defects of the musculoskeletal system.
Games to strengthen posture, back and abdominal muscles
Goals: to improve the skills of correct posture in various starting positions, with various hand movements; strengthen the back and abdominal muscles; improve coordination of movements.
"Football"
Children lie on their stomachs in a circle, facing the center of the circle, hands under the chin, legs together. The driver throws the ball to any player, who hits it with both hands, while bending over and raising his head and chest. The legs remain pressed to the floor.
Games and exercises to prevent flat feet
Goal: to develop skills of correct posture, strengthen the muscular system; practice correct foot placement when walking; strengthen the muscles and ligaments of the feet to prevent flat feet; cultivate a conscious attitude towards correct posture.
Relay "Load the car"
Equipment: machines, sticks, pencils, felt-tip pens.
Children stand barefoot, hands on their belts, back straight, with their toes they take the sticks one at a time and pass them to each other along the chain, the last one puts them in the car. Complicated version: two teams compete.
"The Winding Path"
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The child began to get sick more often, did not want to do anything, and became capricious and irritable. If you observe this behavior in your child, watch his gait and posture. The probable cause of the changes is poor posture in children. Unfortunately, many children of preschool and school age face this problem. Parental intervention and assistance in such cases is extremely important and must be timely.
Poor posture can lead to various diseases
It is necessary to monitor the correct posture of a child from early childhood, because it is not only a beautiful body, but also a healthy organism. Poor posture in children often becomes the cause of many diseases, because... changes in the bone skeleton lead to disruption of blood circulation and the functioning of the respiratory and digestive organs.
The child's skeleton is cartilaginous tissue. The bones are not yet strong, there are not enough mineral salts, and the muscles are not fully developed. As a result, posture is very unstable and often disturbed. How relevant and important it is to ensure that children’s posture is formed correctly is evidenced by many scientifically based facts, warning of possible unpleasant consequences in cases of postural disorders in children.
When the spine is curvature, the organs associated with digestion, breathing and blood circulation are somewhat compressed. The functioning of these organs deteriorates, metabolism is disrupted, and the gastrointestinal tract suffers. During running, jumping and other active movements, the child’s brain is susceptible to mini-traumas. Lethargy and increased fatigue appear, which are unusual for this age. The child gets tired faster, becomes irritable, memory, performance and attention deteriorate.
Poor posture in children
Causes of poor posture in children
The main cause of poor posture is insufficient development of the trunk muscles in children.. Weak muscles have a hard time holding the spine in an upright position, which leads to various types of poor posture.
Underdevelopment of muscles can be observed in a child for various reasons, here are the main ones:
- Catastrophically low mobility (the computer and TV today attract more outdoor games and street walks).
- Bad habits (the body quickly reacts to constant postures and begins to get used to them. The back slouches, and the spine is subject to curvature if the child is bent over, writes or draws something, and also likes to sit with his leg tucked under him, or lounging in a chair) .
- Incorrect furniture at school and/or at home (chairs, tables, sofas are not appropriate for the child’s age). Often school furniture is not designed for children of different heights, and spending a long time at an uncomfortable desk, the child sits with his back curved. Over time, this becomes a habit, which leads to scoliosis.
- Carrying a heavy briefcase in one hand, which is unacceptable especially at primary school age, also contributes to the curvature of the spine. That is why younger schoolchildren are recommended to wear backpacks.
- Another reason for poor posture is congenital weakness of the child’s musculoskeletal system, which can also be hereditary. Parents who know about such heredity in the family should carefully monitor the baby’s posture and be sure to consult an orthopedic doctor annually, especially with the start of school, when the load on the child’s spine increases sharply.
By noticing postural problems in a child in time, you can correct the situation without leading to scoliosis. At the initial stage of curvature, the appointment of special therapeutic exercises helps well. But exercises to straighten your posture should be performed regularly. The set of exercises should be selected by a specialist, because There are different forms of curvature, and in each specific case the exercises required are different.
From early childhood, it is useful for a child to engage in sports that strengthen the back muscles, such as choreography or swimming. In addition, the child himself must understand that correct posture is not just beautiful - it is the key to good health in the future.
Why is posture poor in children? Can scoliosis be cured?
How to identify poor posture in a child yourself
In order to independently identify a possible curvature of posture in a child, it is necessary to examine his back, while the child should stand straight and be relaxed. If there are no postural disorders, then you will be able to observe that the child has a straight back, the shoulder blades are located symmetrically, the shoulders are slightly turned and are at the same level, while the stomach is tucked in and the legs are straight.
A cause for concern may be the child’s habit of sitting down and bending one leg under him. If the child’s posture raises even the slightest doubt, a mandatory consultation with a specialist – an orthopedist – is necessary. Physiotherapy exercises, a course of massage and other procedures will help correct the situation when it is not yet too advanced, because At the initial stage, it is much easier to straighten the child’s posture, while advanced cases require long-term and complex treatment, and sometimes even surgical intervention.
Prevention of postural disorders in children
- Ideal posture and beautiful gait are the result of constant parental control. The shoulder blades are symmetrical, the shoulders are at the same level, the legs are straight, the gait is correct - this is approximately how you can describe the absence of problems with the spine. If something doesn't match in your case, take action. It is important not to waste time, so constantly monitor your child, and at the slightest suspicion of problems, take action.
- Take a closer look at what position your child is sitting in. Correct position: feet on the floor, back parallel to the back of the chair, hips perpendicular to the spine. The shoulder blades will take the desired position when the forearms rest and the hands rest on the table.
- Prolonged standing is not recommended. Do not abuse the “corner” punishment. This tires the child, he begins to shift from foot to foot, looking for something to lean against, this provokes poor posture in children.
- Much depends on nutrition. The daily menu should include fruits and vegetables, dairy products, meat and fish. But be careful with sweets and flour. Often problems with the spine begin with excess weight.
Treatment of poor posture
Of course, treatment of postural disorders in children should be strictly under the supervision of a specialist.
Swimming, the most common walking, gymnastic exercises, physical therapy, wearing a special corset - these are your main helpers.
When choosing a corset for posture correction, consult a doctor; it is better not to act on this issue yourself. There are different types of posture disorders, and a specialist should tell you what kind of corrective corset your child needs. For treatment to be beneficial, your child must be constantly monitored.
Poor posture in preschool children and schoolchildren can now be observed more and more often. Only parents and teachers of child care institutions can correct the situation. Constant monitoring by adults and preventive measures will help keep the spine, and therefore other internal organs of the child, healthy.
Curvature of the spine today is the most common chronic pathology of the musculoskeletal system among children and young people. Poor posture in children may be congenital. However, more often the pathology is acquired and develops after the child begins education in kindergarten or school. This is due to prolonged sitting at a desk in the absence of control over the correct body position.
Acquired poor posture in a child is based on long-term incorrect body position. Predisposing factors include:
- discrepancy between the sizes of tables and chairs for the child’s height;
- constantly carrying a briefcase or backpack in only one hand;
- asthenia;
- low physical activity;
- attempts to sit the baby too early;
- constantly carrying the baby in one hand or in one position;
- obesity;
- malnutrition.
Postural disorders in preschool children and infants can be congenital or acquired during childbirth. Pathology develops with birth injuries, disruption of the process of skeletal formation, congenital subluxation of the cervical vertebrae, insufficient development of connective tissue formations, etc. Correcting posture in such children is more difficult and is not always successful.
Congenital abnormal posture can develop due to improper nutrition of the mother, starting from the 4th week of pregnancy. It is during this period that the rudiment of the spine, the notochord, is formed.
Posture line disorders are more common in teenage girls. This is due to faster growth of tissues and organs than in boys of the same age. Bone structures often do not have time to develop at the required speed and are subject to deformation.
Classification of the disease
There are several classifications to identify the disease. Postural disorders in children of preschool and school age can occur in two planes - sagittal and frontal.
Curvature in the sagittal plane:
- flattening of the physiological curve in the lumbar region with excessive protrusion of the thoracic curve (stooping);
- flattening of all curves of the spine (flat back);
- flattening of the thoracic region with normal development of lumbar lordosis (plano-concave back);
- strengthening the thoracic curve throughout the chest (round back);
- increase in thoracic and lumbar curves (round-concave back).
Curvatures in the frontal plane can be caused by muscle hypertonicity in one half of the body without organic changes in the structure of the vertebrae. This phenomenon is called a scoliotic curve. It is not true scoliosis. Scoliosis, the main diagnostic feature of which is changes in the structure or location of the vertebrae, can have 4 degrees of severity:
- 1st degree – a sign of true scoliosis is some rotation of the vertebrae. Signs of the disease are visible only on an x-ray. The curvature does not exceed 30%.
- 2nd degree – Pathology is visible visually. The level of curvature is 31-60%. The child's body is obviously curved to the side.
- 3rd degree - the vertebrae become wedge-shaped. Changes reach 90%.
- The percentage of curvature is more than 90%. There is a displacement of internal organs.
The 3rd and 4th degree of scoliosis, as a rule, leads to the fact that the child has to be assigned a disability. Such children have pronounced changes in the functioning of their internal organs, have difficulty walking and doing physical work, and suffer from many chronic diseases associated with improper placement of the kidneys, liver, and intestines.
Symptoms
The main diagnostic sign that the formation of posture is not going well is the appearance of the baby. Such children may experience bulging of one or another part of the body, flattening of the buttocks, protrusion of the abdomen, winged shoulder blades, drooping shoulders, and stooping. Such symptoms are characteristic of sagittal type pathology.
With scoliosis or a scoliotic curve, the curvature manifests itself in the form of asymmetry of the body. The nipples and shoulders may be at different levels, and the head may be constantly tilted to the side. In some cases, muscle atony and poor development of skeletal muscles are noted.
Indirectly, the causes of poor posture in children can also affect their general health. Thus, a sign of scoliosis or curvature of the spine in the sagittal plane is often frequent bronchitis, decreased chest excursion, back pain, prolapse of internal organs, chronic constipation, headaches, back pain. Often, due to improper development of the spine, osteochondrosis and intervertebral hernias form.
Diagnostics
Diagnosis of postural disorders is based on a visual examination of the patient. However, to confirm the diagnosis, an X-ray examination of the spine, CT or MRI is mandatory.
A visual sign that posture has begun to develop incorrectly is the asymmetry of the child’s body. The main signs of asymmetry were described in the previous section of this article. To more accurately establish the degree of asymmetry, the distance between the angles of the shoulder blades and the seventh cervical vertebra, the distance between the shoulder blades, and the calculation of the shoulder index can be carried out.
X-ray techniques make it possible to assess the severity of changes, as well as eliminate errors caused by excessive subjectivity of the visual diagnostic method. The pictures clearly show the affected areas, as well as changes in the vertebrae caused by the curvature.
Treatment of postural disorders in children and adolescents
The basis of conservative methods, which are usually used to correct posture in young children, is the formation of a full-fledged muscle corset, the elimination of provoking factors, and the development of the habit of keeping the back straight. In some cases, external support of the spine in the correct position is used. In this case, a posture corset is used to support the deformed area.
When talking about how to correct a child’s posture, one cannot fail to mention the methods of physical therapy. Proper physical activity allows you to quickly correct the initial stages of curvature, preventing the serious consequences of the disease. One of the most effective exercises is hanging from a bar.
To correct the scoliotic curve, methods are used to relieve excessive tension from the muscle layers: electrophoresis, massage, peloid therapy, heat therapy. To increase the tone of lagging muscles, pulse treatment, shower massage, and low-frequency electrotherapy are used.
A posture corrector, made in the form of a corset, is used for 2-3 degrees of scoliosis. It performs two main functions:
- helps redistribute the load, removing it from the spine;
- teaches the child to hold his back correctly.
Wearing a corset can last from six months to 2-3 years. However, the device is not used constantly. It is enough if the corset is worn on the child for 5-6 hours a day.
The use of a corset is considered effective if the angle of curvature has decreased by 5 degrees or more in the first 2 months.
Surgical treatment of the disease is indicated for congenital pathology. In this case, the doctor fixes the spine and reduces the angle of its bend. As a rule, complete recovery after surgery does not occur.
Treatment at home
In the initial stages of the disease, it is possible to stop the progression of disorders, as well as correct the child’s posture at home. It is necessary to ensure that the baby always keeps his back straight and does not remain in one position for a long time. So, to study homework, instead of a table, you can use a position lying on your stomach, placing a pillow under your chest.
Of course, the child must engage in physical education. At home, daily exercise and some gymnastic exercises will be enough. Also, the training program should include hanging on the horizontal bar.
You should sleep on your back, on a hard bed. The pillow should be flat. This achieves an optimal back position and relieves tension from the muscles. It is unacceptable to use beds with armored mesh or overly soft mattresses.
Prevention of disorders and formation of correct posture in a child
Like almost any disease, it is easier to prevent poor posture than to correct it. Prevention consists of creating optimal conditions. Thus, the formation of correct posture in preschool children is possible only if the following rules are observed:
- refusal to carry a backpack on one shoulder;
- straight back position when sitting;
- refusal of excessive physical activity;
- creating child-friendly working and rest conditions;
- wearing shoes that are appropriate in size and shape;
- regular examinations by a doctor for early diagnosis of scoliosis when it appears;
- compulsory physical activity, outdoor games, age-appropriate sports.
In general, the prognosis for scoliosis in its initial stages is favorable. With timely initiation of treatment, recovery occurs in the vast majority of cases. However, even when using home methods to combat spinal curvature, you should first consult with a doctor to confirm the diagnosis, assess the severity of the disease and select an appropriate exercise program.
Ekaterina Zharovskikh
Consultation for educators “Prevention of postural disorders in preschool children”
Consultation for educators
Prevention of poor posture
at preschool children.
Compiled by: Zharovskikh Ekaterina Gennadievna
Spinal diseases are one of the main causes of disability, deterioration in quality of life and disability. Very often, the predisposing factors of this pathology are various posture disorders, which appear in childhood age. The relevance is absolutely obvious teaching correct posture in children, timely detection violations and their active elimination.
Posture It is considered normal if the head is held straight, the chest is unfolded, the shoulders are at the same level, the stomach is tucked, the legs are straightened at the knee and hip joints.
Posture a person not only affects the beauty of his figure, his entire appearance, but also has a direct impact on his health.
When it worsens violated respiratory and circulatory function, the activity of the liver and intestines is hampered, oxidative processes are reduced, which leads to a decrease in physical and mental performance. Defects posture often causes visual impairment(astigmatism, myopia) and morpho-functional changes in the spine, leading to scoliosis, kyphosis and osteochondrosis.
Formation posture in humans continues throughout the entire period of growth.
By the end of the first year of life, the child has formed four natural (physiological) bending spine: cervical and lumbar - convex forward, thoracic and sacrococcygeal - convex backward. Sacrococcygeal kyphosis is the first to form, even at the stage of intrauterine development. When the child learns to understand and hold the head, a cervical curve will appear (lordosis) spine. Thoracic kyphosis forms when the baby sits, and lumbar lordosis forms when he begins to crawl, stand on his feet and walk.
Clear, natural curves of the spine are formed by
6-7 years of a child’s life. They play a very important role in protecting internal organs and the brain from shocks and shocks, since the spine acquires the ability to spring when the feet move.
U preschool children postural defects are usually mildly expressed and are not constant. The most common defect is flaccid posture, which is characterized by an excessive increase in the cervical and thoracic curves of the spine, a slightly lowered head, lowered and shifted shoulders forward, a sunken chest, lagging behind the back (pterygoid) shoulder blades hanging belly; Often the legs are slightly bent at the knee joints. Based on sluggish posture later, a flat, round and round-concave back, as well as lateral distortions, may develop (scoliotic posture) or combined distortion.
Defects posture may negatively affect the nervous system. At the same time, young children become withdrawn, irritable, capricious, restless, feel awkward, and are embarrassed to take part in the games of their peers. Older children complain of pain in the spine, which usually occurs after physical or static exercise, and a feeling of numbness in the interscapular area.
Since growth and formation posture influenced by environmental conditions, parents and employees preschool institutions, must control postures children when sitting, standing, walking.
Are important:
Timely proper nutrition;
Fresh air;
Selection of furniture according to body length;
Optimal illumination;
The habit of correctly carrying heavy objects;
The habit of sitting correctly at the table;
Relax the muscles of the body;
Watch your own gait.
The main effective means prevention of posture defects is the correct and timely commencement of physical upbringing.
Special exercises to form the correct posture should be included in morning exercises children from 4 years old. Since then age, it is necessary to develop the skills of correct posture: when sitting on a chair and at a table.
Especially spoils posture incorrect posture when writing, reading, watching TV, playing on the computer. The height of the table should be 23 cm above the elbow of the child’s lowered hand. The height of the chair should not normally exceed the height of the lower leg. If your legs do not reach the floor, then you should substitute a bench so that your legs at the hip and knee joints are bent at a right angle. You need to sit on a chair so that you touch the back of the chair closely, maintaining your lumbar curve. (lordosis). The distance between the chest and the table should be 1.52 cm (the edge of the palm passes, the head is slightly tilted forward.
Negative influence on formation posture an overly soft bed. The mattress must be hard (cotton) and be sure to be level, so that there is no gap in the middle, and the cushion is not high (1517 cm). Sleeping on a soft bed with a high headboard makes breathing difficult.
Upbringing feeling normal posture acquired through repeated repetition of the correct position body: lying down, sitting, standing. For this purpose, it is recommended to include in the complex of morning exercises and independent classes:
Exercises while standing in front of a mirror. Child in front of a mirror several times disrupts posture and again, with the help of an adult, restores it, developing and training muscle sense;
Exercises on a vertical plane (wall without plinth, door, plywood or wooden panel). The child stands on the plane, touching it with his heels, calves, buttocks, shoulder blades and the back of his head. Various dynamic exercises: abduction of arms, legs to the sides, raising on toes, squats. Children perform several static exercises: muscle tension - from 3 to 6 seconds, relaxation - from 6 to 12 seconds.
Exercises with objects on the head (cubes, pads filled with sand, small pebbles, sawdust, placed on the crown, closer to the forehead, promote education the reflex of correctly holding the head and the ability to tense and relax individual muscle groups. To these exercises relate: walking, while the arms are brought together in front of the chest and spread to the sides; walking on tiptoes, legs bent; walking on knees; crawling on all fours; squats without dropping the object placed on your head.
Movement coordination exercises. Balance exercises are very useful here. balancing: stand on one leg, walk on a log, bench with an object on your head and turns.
All these exercises contribute to the development of a sense of correct body posture, develop static endurance of the neck and back muscles, educate conscious attitude towards one's posture.
Should also be carried out prevention of flat feet, since flattening of the foot impairs the supporting function of the legs, which is accompanied by changes in the bone skeleton of the pelvis and spine. Exercises for prevention flat feet are carried out at the beginning and at the end of the complex of health-improving gymnastics.
Publications on the topic:
Consultation for parents “Formation of correct posture and prevention of its violations” CORRECT POSTURE WHEN WALKING It is necessary to keep your body straight, straighten your shoulders and slightly lift your chin. Don't keep your hands in your pockets.
Consultation for parents of children with poor posture. Prevention of postural disorders and flat feet in children Prevention of postural disorders and flat feet in children. Posture is the free position of a person in an upright position. Correct posture.
Consultation for parents “Organization of a regime that promotes the prevention and correction of postural disorders” Organization of a regimen that promotes the prevention and correction of postural disorders. 1. The child’s bed should be semi-rigid, even, soft.
Consultation for parents “Causes and prevention of posture disorders, corrective gymnastics” It should be noted that modern children are growing and developing in all respects faster than in previous, even not very distant times.
Consultation for parents. Prevention of poor posture in preschool children Physical education instructor at MBDOU "Kindergarten No. 3" Avdeeva T.N. Dear parents, I suggest you talk about such an important problem.
Consultation for educators “Prevention of poor posture and flat feet” Human statics are characterized by the vertical position of the body in space, which determines posture. Posture is usually called habitual posture.
Consultation with a speech therapist “Causes and prevention of writing and reading disorders in children” Consultation with a speech therapist “Causes and prevention of writing and reading disorders in children.” Every year the number of children who...
GCD “Along the Magic Paths!” (prevention of flat feet and posture disorders) Abstract of GCD on physical education for children of the senior group. “Along magical paths!” Objectives: 1. Health: Prevention of flat feet.
Prevention of poor posture and flat feet in preschool children. A person’s posture not only affects the beauty of his figure and his entire appearance, but also has a direct impact on his health. With her.
Prevention of postural disorders in preschool children. Consultation for parents “Prevention of poor posture in preschool children” Health is the main value for a person.
Image library:
Posture is the habitual pose of a casually standing person, which he takes without unnecessary muscle tension.
Posture is the habitual position of the body during rest and movement; formed from early childhood in the process of growth, development and education. Correct posture makes a person’s figure beautiful and contributes to the normal functioning of the musculoskeletal system and the entire body.
Correct posture indicates good overall physical development.
The importance of posture is difficult to overestimate: a healthy spine, a properly formed chest, and well-developed muscles are the key to physical health and psychological well-being.
Today, many preschool children have various types of postural disorders. Against the background of these disorders, serious diseases such as scoliosis, kyphosis, and osteochondrosis develop. ... In addition, skeletal deformations, even minor ones, adversely affect the development of internal organs and lead to various disorders of their activity. Therefore, it is so important for teachers to treat this problem with maximum attention and responsibility.
In kindergarten and in the family, children spend most of their time in a static position. This increases the load on certain muscle groups and causes them to fatigue. The strength and performance of skeletal muscles decreases, which leads to poor posture, curvature of the spine, and flat feet.
In order to prevent possible postural disorders in preschoolers, it is necessary to:
In all groups, select furniture according to the height of the children;
Consider the child’s seat at the table;
Pay attention to the child’s posture and if it is incorrect, ask to change it;
Maintain motor mode;
Develop a conscious attitude towards maintaining and maintaining correct posture in children.
Age-related features of posture formation
Preschool age is a period of active formation of posture. At this age, the formation of bone structure is not yet complete. The child’s skeleton consists largely of cartilaginous tissue; the bones are not strong enough and contain few mineral salts. The extensor muscles are not sufficiently developed, so the posture in children of this age is unstable and easily disturbed under the influence of incorrect body position. The formation of a person’s posture continues throughout the entire period of growth. By the age of 6–7 years, a doubling of the body weight of a one-year-old child and clear, natural curves of the spine are noted. They play a very important role in protecting internal organs and the brain from shocks and shocks, since the spine acquires the ability to spring when the feet move.
The arch of the foot in preschoolers continues to form, so it is important to select appropriate shoes (with heels), use exercises to strengthen and properly form the arch of the foot. The foot is a support, the foundation of the body - its violation necessarily affects the formation of the entire organism.
Causes of poor posture:
1. Furniture that is not age appropriate, especially when the child spends a long time in a forced position. Mismatched chairs and tables.
2. Constantly holding the child by the same hand when walking.
3. The child’s habit of standing with support on the same leg.
4. Incorrect position during sleep, if the child sleeps with his legs tucked to his stomach, “curled up,” etc.
5. Incorrect posture when sitting (leaning forward, throwing your arms behind the back of the chair, placing your leg under you)
Poor posture often develops in sedentary, weakened children with an asthenic build and physically weak development.
Incorrect posture contributes to the development of early degenerative changes in the intervertebral discs - osteochondrosis, and creates unfavorable conditions for the functioning of internal organs. A stooped back makes normal chest movements difficult, and weak abdominal muscles also do not contribute to deepening breathing. The consequence is less oxygen supply to the tissues. Defects in posture negatively affect the activity of the heart, the position of the abdominal organs: stomach, liver, kidneys; adversely affect the pelvic organs, upper and lower extremities.
Prevention
Poor posture is not a disease, it is a condition that can be corrected. The main means of prevention and rehabilitation are physical exercises, massage and natural factors.
Work on developing posture in preschoolers should include a whole range of activities:
Constant physical activity: walking, walks, outdoor games.
It is very important to monitor a preschooler’s posture and develop the ability to sit and stand correctly.
Sitting is not rest, but an act of static tension. When sitting, children, unlike adults, produce significant work (muscular). The muscles are still weak. Children quickly get tired of sitting and try to quickly change their position or go for a run. We adults often do not understand this and scold children for restlessness.
Clothes also play a role in developing correct posture. It should not be tight, interfere with the straight position of the body, or impede free movements.
It is necessary to monitor the correct posture of children during classes, meals, and games at the table.
Correct posture when landing:
The furniture should correspond to the height and proportions of the body, the child sits deep in the chair;
Feet stand on the floor or on a bar at a right or obtuse angle;
Elbows should not be suspended;
Tilt your head slightly when drawing or designing; the distance from the eyes to the working surface of the album should correspond to the distance from the elbow placed on the table to the fingertips touching the temple;
Lighting should be to the left of the child.
The bed on which he sleeps should be moderately soft, with a low pillow. A mattress that is too soft and a high pillow contributes to the formation of a so-called round back; On the contrary, a bed that is too hard smooths out the physiological curves of the spinal column and contributes to the formation of a flat back.
The older the child, the more important the correct posture becomes for the formation of posture during activities with toys, when reading and writing.
Restriction in movements, significant static load on the spine and trunk muscles, monotonous postures during activity - all this contributes to the development and consolidation of incorrect posture.
Nurturing the sensations of normal posture is acquired through repeated repetition of the correct body position: lying, sitting, standing.
For any work and conscious development of the skill of correct posture, motivation is necessary. Without constant supervision from an adult, children will not have good posture.
It is necessary to teach children to take the correct body position according to the verbal instructions of the teacher, to control their posture.
Throughout the day in the group room and on walks, it is necessary to constantly monitor children, reminding them to maintain the correct body position, and sometimes helping to correct careless posture.
Physical education classes are the main organizational form of health-improving work. Physical exercises develop and strengthen the musculoskeletal system, promoting the growth and proper formation of the child’s body.
Education of correct posture in children is mainly a pedagogical problem, as is the formation of all vital motor skills. Many researchers come to the consensus that a preschool institution can be a place for the prevention of postural disorders. Therefore, it is so important to treat this problem with maximum attention and responsibility.
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Selection of furniture according to body length;
Optimal illumination;
The habit of correctly carrying heavy objects;
The habit of sitting correctly at the table;
Relax the muscles of the body;
Incorrect posture especially spoils posture when writing, reading, watching TV, playing on the computer. The height of the table should be 2-3 cm above the elbow of the child’s lowered arm. The height of the chair should not normally exceed the height of the lower leg. If your feet do not reach the floor, then you should place a bench so that your legs at the hip and knee joints are bent at right angles. You need to sit on a chair so that you closely touch the back of the chair, maintaining the lumbar curve (lordosis). The distance between the chest and the table should be equal to 1.5-2 cm (the edge passes the palm), the head is slightly tilted forward.
An overly soft bed has a negative impact on the formation of posture. The mattress must be hard (cotton) and must be even, so that there is no dip in the middle, and the pillow must be low (15-17 cm). Sleeping on a soft bed with a high headboard makes breathing difficult.
Nurturing the sensations of normal posture is acquired through repeated repetition of the correct body position: lying, sitting, standing. For this purpose, it is recommended to include in the complex of morning exercises and independent exercises:
Exercises while standing in front of a mirror. A child in front of a mirror violates his posture several times and again, with the help of an adult, restores it, developing and training muscle sense;
Exercises near a vertical plane (a wall without a plinth, a door, a plywood or wooden panel). The child stands on the plane, touching it with his heels, calves, buttocks, shoulder blades and the back of his head. Various dynamic exercises are given: abduction of arms, legs to the sides, raising on toes, squats. Children perform several static exercises: muscle tension - from 3 to 6 seconds, relaxation - from 6 to 12 seconds.
Exercises with objects on the head (cubes, pads filled with sand, small pebbles, sawdust) placed on the crown, closer to the forehead, help develop the reflex of correctly holding the head and the ability to tense and relax individual muscle groups. These exercises include: walking, with the arms brought together in front of the chest and spread to the sides; walking on tiptoes, legs bent; walking on knees; crawling on all fours; squats without dropping the object placed on your head.
Movement coordination exercises. Balance and balance exercises are very useful here: standing on one leg, walking on a log, a bench with an object on your head, and turns.
All these exercises contribute to the development of a sense of correct body posture, develop static endurance of the neck and back muscles, and cultivate a conscious attitude towards one’s posture.
Prevention of flat feet should also be carried out, since flattening of the foot disrupts the supporting function of the legs, which is accompanied by changes in the bony skeleton of the pelvis and spine. Exercises for the prevention of flat feet are carried out at the beginning and at the end of the complex of health-improving gymnastics.
An approximate set of exercises for the prevention of posture in children 5-7 years of age.
Alignment. Stand in the “main stance” position: head straight, shoulders turned, stomach tucked, legs straight.
Demonstrate the correct position in the basic stance. Correct children's posture by walking in front and behind along the line.
Circle walking exercises
A normal step while maintaining correct posture (25-30 steps).
Standing outside the circle, check and correct the posture of each child passing by.
"Crane". Walking with a high hip lift (hands on the waist) 20-25 steps.
Make sure you have the correct body position: keep your back straight, pull your elbows back, and pull the toes of your bent leg.
"We're growing big." Walking on toes (arms up, “locked”) 20-25 steps.
Make sure that your knees and shoulder blades are straight and your steps are small. Rise higher on your toes, stretch upward.
"Teddy Bear." Walking on the outer edge of the foot. Say at every step (hands on the belt): “The clumsy bear walks through the forest, collects cones, sings songs.
The cone bounced right into Mishka’s forehead. The bear got angry and stomped his foot!”
Make sure that children keep their back straight and do not tilt their heads. Place your feet exactly on the outer edge of the foot, slightly bringing your toes inward, your toes should be mobile. Pull your elbows back.
Walking with acceleration and transitioning to running. Walking followed by slowing down.
Make sure that children run lightly on their toes, raising their knees higher. The arms are bent at the elbows. When walking, ensure that children have correct posture.
Breathing exercise. Pulling your shoulders back, inhale 2 steps, exhale 4 steps.
Inhale deeply through the nose. Exhale through lips folded into a tube.
Exercises in a standing position
"Sparrow". Circle back 6-8 times with your elbows bent.
Pulling your elbows back, bring your shoulder blades closer together.
"Little Frog." From I.P. - feet shoulder-width apart, hands in front of the chest. Bring your hands to your shoulders (palms forward, fingers apart) and, saying “quack” in unison, return to IP (4-6 times).
In the hands-to-shoulders position, your elbows should be pressed to your sides.
"Big circles" Circle backwards with arms straightened to the sides (hands clenched into fists) - 6-8 times.
Make sure that children do not lower their arms below shoulder level.
"Mill". Alternately bringing the hands behind the back of the head and back (6-8 times).
Shoulders turned, elbows pulled back, head straight.
"Rubber". Unbending the arms bent in front of the chest at the elbows - inhale. Return to I.P., pronouncing the sound “sh-sh-sh” - exhale.
When moving your arms to the sides, bring your shoulder blades closer together and do not lower your arms below shoulder level.
“Legs together - show your palms.” Rising onto your toes, push your shoulders back and turn your palms forward. Return to I.P., relaxing the arm muscles (4-6 times).
Keep your back straight and do not stick out your stomach.
"Stretching." Rise on your toes, left hand up, right hand back. Hold for 1-2-3 seconds. Return to I.P., relaxing your arms (4-8 times).
The shoulders are turned, the knees are straightened, the stomach is tucked.
Exercises in the supine position
"Hello, goodbye." Clench your fists and bend your feet towards you. Unclench your fists and pull your toes as far as you can. (6-8 times).
When pulling your toes back, it is recommended to slightly spread your heels.
"Wave". Bend your legs and pull your knees towards your stomach. Straighten. Pause 3-5 seconds. and release your legs (4-6 times).
Make sure that your elbows are pressed to the mat. Toes should be pulled down during the exercise. ,
"Dance". I.P. - lying down, hands under the back of the head, legs raised. Spread your legs apart and return to I.P. (6-8 times).
Make sure that your elbows are pressed to the mat.
Exercises in the prone position
"Sparrow". Circles back with the elbows of the arms brought to the shoulders (5-8) times.
The head is raised.
"Fish" Raise your head and move your shoulders back. Raise your arms and legs: tension pause for 4-6 seconds. Lower your arms and legs: relaxation pause for 6-8 seconds. (3-4 times).
Make sure that children do not bend in the lower back.
"Little Frog." Bring your hands from under your chin to your shoulders, palms forward. Raise your head and spread your legs. Slowly return to I.P. (6-8 times).
Formation, walking in normal steps (1-2-3 circles).
Checking correct posture while standing and in motion.
(Based on the article “Education of posture in children and active prevention of its violation at home”, S. V. Khrushchev, S. D. Polyakov, M. N. Kuznetsova).
On this topic:
Prevention and correction of poor posture and flat feet in
The great value of every person is health. Raising a child strong, strong, and healthy is the desire of parents and one of the leading tasks facing a preschool institution.
Family and kindergarten are those social structures that mainly determine the level of health of the child. When entering kindergarten, many children have deviations in physical development: poor posture, flat feet, excess weight, delays in the development of speed, dexterity, and coordination of movements. And one of the reasons for such results is the lack of awareness of parents in matters of physical education of children.
Medical examinations of preschool children show that among the functional deviations identified in children, the largest percentage is made up of deviations from the musculoskeletal system, and in particular, poor posture and flattening of the feet.
The most common disorders are the following: curvature of the spine in the form of lateral deviations (scoliosis), excessive deviations of the spine in the thoracic region (kyphosis) and in the lumbar region (lordosis); flat feet and congenital clubfoot, asymmetrical position of the shoulders.
At preschool age, posture has not yet been formed, so unfavorable factors most strongly affect children during the period of their active growth (4 - 7 years). There are many reasons for incorrect posture and its defects: physical inactivity and, as a consequence, insufficient development of the muscles of the back, abdomen, neck, hips, chest, which hold the spine in the desired position; walking with your head down, sitting with your shoulders down and your back bent, and changing the shape of your feet.
The development of postural defects and flat feet are promoted by: furniture not matching the child’s height, uncomfortable clothes and shoes (small, narrow, or vice versa large), incorrect postures and habits of children (for example: standing on one leg, reading or drawing while lying on their side, or stomach, etc.); monotonous movements (pushing off with the same leg when riding a scooter, when jumping during games, carrying some kind of load in the same hand). Poor posture and feet can also develop due to frequent infectious and acute respiratory diseases, which weaken the body and worsen the physical health of children.
Work on the formation of correct posture and correction of foot disorders should be carried out not only by doctors. This work should be carried out jointly with teachers and parents. First of all, I would like to introduce parents and children to the signs that characterize correct posture: the head and torso are held straight, the shoulders are symmetrical and slightly laid back, the stomach is tucked, the chest is turned out and protrudes forward, there is a slight bend forward in the lumbar region, legs are straight, heels together, socks apart.
Since physical education classes for children in kindergarten are held 3 times a week (in the middle and senior groups), this is not enough to prevent postural disorders and flat feet. In everyday life, parents need to monitor the correct body position, create the necessary conditions in the family (sleep on a hard bed, the pillow should not be high, etc.)
The main means of developing correct posture and preventing flat feet is physical exercise. First of all, it is necessary to use exercises to develop large muscle groups, especially the back, abdomen, and legs, in order to create a natural muscle corset. Exercises can be performed from various starting positions - standing, lying on your back and stomach, sitting on a chair, bench, all fours.
Considering that the prevention and correction of posture and feet is a long-term process that requires systematic work, we recommend that parents study with their child daily, with the exception of those days when classes are held in kindergarten.
To do this, we bring to your attention
sets of special exercises aimed at strengthening the muscles of the foot and developing correct posture:
Complex "Merry Zoo".
I.p. – standing, legs apart, feet parallel, hands behind your back.
V-e. – walking in place with alternate heel lifting (do not lift your toes off the floor).
2. "Funny Bear"
I.p. – standing on the outer edges of the feet, hands on the belt.
V-e. – walking in place on the outer edges of the feet. The same with moving forward - backward, right - left. The same thing, spinning in place to the right and left.
3. "The Laughing Marmot"
I.p. – standing, legs together, arms in front of the chest, elbows down, hands pointing down.
V-e. – 1-2 half squats on toes, smile; 3-4 i.p.
4. "Tiger Cub Stretches"
I.p. – sitting on your heels, hands in front.
In -e. – 1-2 straighten your legs, standing, bending; 3-4 i.p.
5. “Frisky Bunnies”
I.p. – standing, feet together, hands on the belt.
V-e. – 1-16 jumps on toes (heels together)
Ball complex.
1. I.p. – sitting, legs bent, arms at the back, ball under the feet.
B–e. – roll the ball forward and backward with two feet together and alternately.
2.I.p. - Same.
B–e. – make circular movements of both feet together and alternately rotate the ball to the right and left.
3. I.p. – lying on your back, arms along your body, ball between your ankles.
B–e. - lift the ball with 1-2 legs and hold it with your feet; 3-4 i.p.
4.I.p. – sitting, legs apart, the ball lies on the floor at the toe of the right foot on the inside.
B–e. – by moving the toe of one foot, roll the ball to the other foot, and vice versa.
Complex “Stand up straight”.
1. I.p. – standing against the wall, touching it with the back of your head, buttocks and heels, arms down.
B–e. – 1-2 raise your arms up through your sides; 3-4 return to IP.
2. I.p. – the same, feet shoulder-width apart, hands on the belt.
B–e. – 1-2 tilt to the right side (left side); 3-4 return to IP.
3.I.p. – lying on your back; head, torso, legs form a straight line, arms are pressed to the body.
B–e. – 1-4 raise your head and shoulders, check the correct body position (hold); 5-8 return to IP.
4. I.p. - lying on your stomach; chin on the back of the hands, placed on top of each other.
B–e. – 1-4 raise your head and shoulders, hands on your waist, connect your shoulder blades (hold); 5-8 i.p.
5.I.p. - Same.
B–e. - 1-4 move your arms back and raise your legs (hold); 5-8 i.p.
6.I.p. - lying on your back, hands behind your head.
B–e. – 1-8 alternately raise straight legs up.
7. I.p. - Same.
B–e. - circular rotations with the legs for 30 seconds (“bicycle”).
Note. All of the above exercises are repeated 4-6 times.
On this topic:
More details on the website nsportal.ru
Poor posture in preschool children
Physical therapy treatment
Most often, poor posture is observed in weakened children who are inactive. Such children are prescribed special physical education. Exercise therapy for poor posture is aimed at strengthening the pectoral muscles, back muscles and abdominal muscles.
Below are a few exercises to help your child achieve perfect posture. It is recommended to do all the above exercises together with the child and ensure that they are performed correctly in order to avoid child injuries. Each exercise should be repeated up to 5 times.
There is no need to overwork the child; if he is tired, he should stop classes.
- We sit up straight and squeeze our shoulder blades together as much as possible. Hold the position for 10 seconds and relax. We do several approaches.
- We take a bottle of water in our hands. We stretch our arms straight in front of us, hold for a while, and release. We repeat the exercise.
- Lying on your back, bend your knees and pull yourself up. Slowly lower your legs and repeat the exercise.
- Lie on your stomach, arms along your body. We alternately raise and lower our legs, holding them at maximum height for 5-7 seconds.
- Another effective exercise is walking with a book on your head. It is very simple and can be done at home at any time. A not very heavy book is placed on the child’s head and asked to walk slowly around the room so that the book does not fall. Thus, the child develops posture + a beautiful gait.
- Exercise "Boat". Lying on your stomach, we bend our legs at the knee joints, stretch our arms back along the body and take our legs in our hands, trying to swing a little.
Regular walking in the correct position and swimming are also useful. The latter has a positive effect not only on the development of posture, but also breathing. As you can see, physical therapy exercises for poor posture strengthen all the muscles that support posture.
How to sit and stand correctly?
Correct sitting position means that your thighs should be completely perpendicular to your spine and shins. Feet reach the floor. The back is kept exactly parallel to the back of the chair.
The forearms should have support, while sitting at the table, the hands should lie on the table, this forms the correct position of the shoulder blades and promotes normal breathing.
Standing for a long time, especially in a certain position, is tiring for a child; the back muscles quickly relax, unable to withstand such a load, so the child tries to lean against something and shifts from one foot to another.
IMPORTANT! When you punish a child and put him in a corner for a long time, you create incorrect posture for him.
The posture of preschool children is unstable and exercises should be done regularly and, of course, it is advisable to buy the right furniture appropriate for the child’s age.
Additional Information
More details on the website MoiSustavy.com
Prevention of poor posture in preschool children (1) - Document
Prevention of poor posture in preschool children
Afanasyeva Dina Anatolevna,
teacher of the compensatory group
directions for children with obstructive disabilities
Recently, due to an increase in the number of children with poor posture, there is a need to create preschool institutions with a sortopedic focus.
Formation of correct posture – one of the most important tasks of physical education of preschool children. Correct posture ensures the normal functioning of the entire body and its individual systems.
With incorrect posture, the respiratory organs are especially affected: the tops of the lungs are compressed, their ventilation decreases, proper breathing is disrupted (it becomes shallow), the vital capacity of the lungs and the mobility of the chest decrease. All this leads to more frequent respiratory diseases.
Why do modern children often experience poor posture? Obviously, the most important reasons include a high percentage of births of weakened children, a reduction in physical activity due to the priority of “intellectual” activities and, as a consequence, a decrease in muscle tone, as well as general weakness of muscles that are unable to maintain posture in the correct position. It is important to begin the prevention of postural defects and correction of the existing type of violation as early as possible, so that increased fatigue, headaches and pain in the muscles of the body do not occur at school.
Posture is formed from early childhood and depends on the harmonious work of muscles, the state of the skeletal system, the ligamentous-articular and neuromuscular system, the uniformity of their development, and the physiological curves of the spine. Poor physical development of a child leads to poor posture; poor posture impedes the functioning of internal organs, which leads to a further deterioration in physical development.
It should be remembered that it is always more difficult to treat than to prevent the development of a pathological process. The motto of physical therapy was Tissot’s aphorism: “Movement can replace various medicines, but no medicine can replace movement.”
Since growth and the formation of posture are influenced by environmental conditions, parents and employees of preschool institutions must control the posture of children when sitting, standing, and walking.
The following are important:
Selection of furniture according to body length;
Optimal illumination;
The habit of correctly carrying heavy objects;
The habit of sitting correctly at the table;
Relax the muscles of the body;
Watch your own gait.
The main effective means of preventing postural defects is correct and timely physical education.
Special exercises for the formation of correct posture should be included in the morning exercises of children from the age of 4. From this same age, it is necessary to develop the skills of correct posture: when sitting on a chair and at a table.
Especially bad posture is caused by incorrect posture when writing, reading, watching TV, or playing on the computer. Table height should be 2-3 cm above the elbow of the child’s lowered hand. Chair height should not exceed the normal height of the shin.
If your feet do not reach the floor, then you should substitute a bench so that your legs at the hip and knee joints are bent at a right angle. You need to sit on a chair like this to touch the back of the chair closely, maintaining the lumbar curve (lordosis). Distance There should be 1.5-2 cm between the chest and the table (the edge of the palm passes), the head is slightly tilted forward.
In our kindergarten, all conditions have been created for a systematic, preventive influence on the growing child’s body. Throughout the day, the group maintains an optimal motor mode: exercise therapy, physical education classes, physical education minutes, outdoor games, finger exercises, outdoor games, sports events, entertainment, therapeutic massage, therapeutic and corrective gymnastics, swimming pool.
Systematic swimming lessons and bathing have a positive effect on the development of the respiratory organs of preschool children. When swimming, the lifting force of the water, supporting the child on the surface, seems to lighten the body, therefore the pressure on the musculoskeletal system of the skeleton, especially the spine, is reduced. Therefore, swimming is an effective means of strengthening the skeleton and is actively used as a corrective remedy.
In the afternoon, games are played to strengthen the muscular system, correct posture skills, and prevent flat feet. It is important to know that flat feet must be treated; it can even be prevented through preventive measures.
A number of methods are used to treat and prevent flat feet. Children do barefoot during therapeutic gymnastics classes. This has not only a healing, but a hardening effect.
To strengthen the muscular-ligamentous apparatus of the ankle joint, various types of walking are recommended: pebbles, sand, ribbed orthopedic paths, massage mats. At the same time, the foot reflexively “selects”, and active formation of arches occurs. As a result, pain in the legs decreases and stops, the spring function of the foot is restored, in addition, the overall tone of the body increases, weakened leg muscles are strengthened, coordination of movements is trained, and a correct and beautiful gait is formed.
Every loving parent wants to see their child happy. It is understood that a happy child is a physically healthy and strong person, mentally and aesthetically developed, possessing a variety of practical skills that will help him establish himself in life, achieve success, and be loved by others. Therefore, in a preschool educational institution, it is necessary to search for new approaches to the health of children, based on a multifactorial analysis of external influences, monitoring the health status of each child, taking into account and using the characteristics of his body, individualizing preventive measures, and creating certain conditions.
It is necessary to establish unity in the approach to improving the health of children in the Idoma kindergarten. For this purpose, we regularly hold parent-teacher meetings, consultations with specialists, joint exercise therapy classes, sports activities, holidays and entertainment.
Parents take an active part in creating a developmental environment in the group and making orthopedic tracks. Parents' attitude towards physical education, engaging children in active games and exercises influences the formation of children's interests and preferences.
We must constantly remind parents of this, encouraging them to do morning exercises, games and exercises together with their children. The example of parents contributes to raising a child a stable habit of regular participation in morning gymnastics. At home, it is advisable to use complexes of morning exercises, which are carried out in kindergarten.
It is necessary to explain to them the meaning and benefits of exercises that children do not like, to advise children to engage in those exercises that turn out worse based on the characteristics of their development. We recommend to parents what games to play with their children (descriptions of the games are posted in the parents' corner).
To maintain the achieved results in strengthening the musculoskeletal system and correct posture skills, parents are given recommendations for conducting therapeutic exercises at home. Games are the basis of all sets of exercises.
In the game, positive character traits, a sense of justice and camaraderie are formed. Being carried away by the game, children consolidate the necessary skills and bear the appropriate load. Each game has its own rules that determine the activity of the participants.
Before the game starts, we clearly explain the rules to the students and strictly monitor their implementation. After each game we evaluate the actions of the players.
The goals of our work are: improving the health of the younger generation; creating conditions for protecting and promoting children's health; formation of children's value attitude toward health and a healthy lifestyle; prevention of diseases of the musculoskeletal system in children through orthopedic play.
Objectives of orthopedic games:
cultivate a conscious attitude towards classes;
learn and strengthen elements of the skills of correct posture, fine motor skills of the toes;
teach the skills to adopt and fix correct posture;
teach the correct execution of exercises to develop posture and strengthen the arch of the foot;
teach hand massage with massage balls;
According to their objectives, orthopedic games are divided into five main groups.
Aimed at familiarizing with the properties of materials (pebbles, sand, water, etc.).
Aimed at improving individual elements of movement technique (keep your back, check your posture, etc.).
Aimed at familiarizing others (animals, plants, etc.).
Aimed at the development of physical qualities.
Conducted both with objects (balls, hoops, sticks, etc.) and without them.
A properly organized motor mode, active and varied physical activity of your child is the basis for the prevention of postural disorders, scoliosis and other defects of the musculoskeletal system.
Games to strengthen posture, back muscles and abdominal muscles
Goals: to improve the skills of correct posture in various starting positions, with various hand movements; strengthen the back and abdominal muscles; improve coordination of movements.
"Football"
Children lie on their stomachs in a circle, face in the center of the circle, hands under the chin, legs together. The driver throws the ball to any player, who hits it with both hands, while bending over and raising his head. The legs remain pressed to the floor.
Games and exercises to prevent flat feet
Goal: to develop skills of correct posture, strengthen the muscular system; practice correct foot placement when walking; strengthen the muscles and ligaments of the feet to prevent flat feet; cultivate a conscious attitude towards correct posture.
Relay "Load the car"
Equipment: machines, sticks, pencils, felt-tip pens.
Children stand barefoot, hands on their belts, back straight, take the sticks one at a time with their toes and pass them to each other in a chain, the last one puts them in the machine. Complicated version: two teams compete.
"The Winding Path"
A rope is sewn onto a strip of thick fabric, which is arranged in the form of a snake.
“Massage rollers”, “Ribbed boards”, “Paths with pebbles”, “Sticks”, “Handkerchiefs”, “Feet and palms”, “Corks”, “Mattress with stripes”
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Literature... pouring moan. School of Doctor Aibolit. PREVENTIONVIOLATIONSPOSTURE AND FLAT FOOT CHILDRENPRESCHOOLAGE. Preventionviolationsposture at childrenpreschoolage. Spinal diseases are one of...Methodology for describing teaching experience Teacher evaluation by parents
Questionnaire ... children to creativity" Preventionviolationsposture at childrenpreschoolage An approximate set of exercises for preventionposture at children 4-7 year old age Organization of hardening children... education childrenpreschoolage Modified...... secondary vocational education (secondary education) 050144 " Preschool education" (in-depth training) correspondence.
Guidelines... lead to atrophy. Formation of the correct posture. Violationposture, degrees and preventionviolations. It is known that for good... the stomach protrudes excessively. This type violationsposture at childrenpreschoolage This happens quite often because...Educational program - “Program of education and training in kindergarten”
Educational program... “Formation of elementary ecological ideas among childrenpreschoolage in the context of the implementation of the Education Program... growth and development of the child"; " Prevention and correction violationsposture at childrenpreschoolage" 2. IPC with the participation of parents...
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