Aminazine instructions for use. Medicinal reference book geotar. Side effects of Aminazine
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Content
The medicine belongs to the pharmacological group of antipsychotics. Known to be an effective remedy for neutralizing mental disorders. The use of the drug requires careful adherence to the rules specified in the instructions and consideration of possible negative reactions.
Composition of the drug
Aminazine is available in two forms:
- The solution for parenteral administration (transparent yellow-green liquid) contains 25 mg of chlorpromazine hydrochloride per 1 ml, packaged in ampoules of 2 ml, 10 pcs. in a pack. Auxiliary components: anhydrous sodium sulfite, ascorbic acid, sodium metabisulfite, water, sodium chloride.
- Dragee (coated with a yellow-orange film coating) contains 25, 50 or 100 mg of chlorpromazine hydrochloride per 1 piece, packaged in 10 pieces. in a pack. Auxiliary components: sunset yellow dye, calcium hydrogen phosphate, titanium dioxide, microcrystalline cellulose, hypromellose, potato starch, talc, colloidal silicon dioxide, polyethylene glycol, stearic acid, calcium stearate.
Indications for taking the drug Aminazine
The drug belongs to the class of antipsychotics made from phenothiazine derivatives. It has antipsychotic, sedative effects, weakens or completely eliminates delusions, hallucinations, and stops psychomotor agitation.
The drug reduces the severity of affective reactions, anxiety, and has antiemetic activity.
Taking high doses may cause a hypnotic effect.
Indications for use of Aminazin:
- mental illness due to psychomotor agitation, fear, insomnia;
- acute alcoholic psychosis;
- vomiting of pregnant women;
- itchy dermatitis;
- Meniere's disease;
- chronic paranoid or hallucinatory-paranoid state;
- agitation in manic-depressive psychosis;
- psychomotor agitation in schizophrenia (catatonic, hebephrenic, hallucinatory-delusional syndromes);
- mental disorder with epilepsy;
- agitated depression in presenile psychosis;
- neurotic diseases against the background of increased muscle tone;
- persistent sleep disturbances;
- causalgia, other pain;
- treatment or prevention of vomiting during radiation therapy, taking antitumor drugs.
For whom the drug is contraindicated
The drug is prescribed with caution for urolithiasis, cholelithiasis, rheumatic carditis, acute pyelitis, rheumatism. Contraindications to its use:
- stomach ulcer, duodenal ulcer;
- severe hypotension;
- diseases of the liver, kidneys, stomach, hematopoiesis;
- decompensated heart failure;
- intolerance to the components of the composition;
- progressive diseases of the brain and spinal cord;
- late stage of bronchiectasis;
- brain injuries;
- myxedema;
- coma;
- thromboembolism;
- heart defects in the stage of decompensation.
Method of use of Aminazine
Aminazine tablets are taken orally, the solution is administered intravenously or intramuscularly. The method of treatment and the choice of drug form depends on the age, characteristics of the patient, and type of disease. Each type has its own instructions for use.
Pills
The instructions indicate that Aminazin tablets are taken after meals. The course of treatment lasts from 3 weeks to 4 months. Adults should take 25-75 mg per day in 2-3 divided doses, then increase the dose to 75-100 mg in 3-4 divided doses. Sometimes it is acceptable to prescribe 1 g per day.
For diseases of the liver, heart and blood vessels, in old age, the dose is reduced by 2-3 times. For prolonged hiccups, take 25-50 mg 3-4 times a day. For children over 5 years of age, the drug is prescribed for the treatment of autism and schizophrenia; the dose is two to three times less than an adult dose; the maximum daily dosage is 75 mg in several doses.
Intramuscular and intravenous administration
Aminazine in ampoules is administered intramuscularly or intravenously. A single dose of 150 mg is used intramuscularly, daily – 600 mg. 1.5 ml of a 2.5% solution is administered intramuscularly up to 3 times a day. In case of acute mental agitation, 2-3 ml of a 2.5% solution in 20 ml of a 40% glucose solution is injected intravenously. The single dose will be 100 mg, the daily dose will be 250 mg.
Children over one year old are prescribed a dosage of 250-500 mcg per 1 kg of body weight, over 5 years old with a body weight up to 23 kg - 40 mg per day, 5-12 years old with a body weight over 23 kg - 75 mg daily. For weakened patients, 300 mg intramuscularly or 150 mg intravenously are administered per day.
Possible negative reactions
- nausea, vomiting, dyspepsia, cholestatic jaundice;
- arterial hypotension, collapse, tachycardia;
- parkinsonism;
- photosensitivity;
- dizziness;
- disorientation;
- allergic reactions, skin rash, erythema, dermatitis, skin pigmentation;
- akathisia, blurred vision, visual perception disorders;
- dystonic extrapyramidal reactions, tardive dyskinesia;
- violation of thermoregulation;
- psychotropic convulsions;
- tetanus;
- slow heart rate;
- increased sensitivity to ultraviolet light;
- leukopenia, agranulocytosis;
- difficulty urinating;
- menstrual irregularities, impotence, gynecomastia;
- weight gain;
- deposition of chlorpromazine in the cornea and lens, this side effect leads to an acceleration of the aging process of the lens.
Overdose
In case of overdose, vague speech, unsteady gait, bradycardia, difficulty breathing, weakness, and confusion are observed. The patient suffers from weakened reflexes, drowsiness, convulsions, hypotension, and depression. Exceeding the dose of Aminazine can cause neuroleptic syndrome, persistent hypotension, coma, hypothermia, toxic hepatitis.
Symptomatic therapy is prescribed. There is no specific antidote, hemodialysis is ineffective. For collapse, caffeine, cordiamine, mesaton are administered, for dermatitis, antihistamines are prescribed, for neurological disorders - Cyclodol.
special instructions
- Phenothiazines are prescribed with caution for pathological changes in the blood picture, liver dysfunction, alcohol intoxication, Reye's syndrome, breast cancer, predisposition to glaucoma, Parkinson's disease. Care should be taken in case of cardiovascular diseases, stomach and duodenal ulcers, urinary retention, epileptic seizures, chronic respiratory diseases, especially in children.
- With long-term use of Aminazine, it is recommended to monitor the picture of peripheral blood, prothrombin index, liver and kidney functions, and undergo examinations by an ophthalmologist and neurologist.
- If hyperthermia occurs, the dose is discontinued.
- During treatment, alcohol consumption is prohibited; it enhances the inhibitory effect on the central nervous system and breathing.
- During therapy, you should drive and operate machinery carefully.
- The combination of Aminazine with tricyclic antidepressants, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, and Maprotiline can increase the risk of developing neuroleptic malignant syndrome.
- Simultaneous use of the drug with anticonvulsants leads to a decrease in the threshold of convulsive readiness, with medications for the treatment of hyperthyroidism - to the development of agranulocytosis, with hypotonic drugs - to hypotension.
- Amphetamines are antagonists of Aminazine, antacids based on magnesium or aluminum hydroxide slow down its absorption in the stomach, hormonal contraceptives enhance it. Cimetidine - reduces concentration.
- The drug enhances the anticholinergic effect of drugs of the same name, the sedative effect of Zolpidem, Zopiclone, when combined with anticholinesterase drugs leads to muscle weakness, myasthenia gravis, with Amitriptyline - to tardive dyskinesia, paralytic ileus.
- Chlorpromazine inhibits the effect of Guanethidine, leads to hyperglycemia when combined with Diazoxide, hyperpyrexia with Doxpain, myoclonus with Morphine, increases the concentration of Imipramine, Propranolol, Phenytoin in the blood, suppresses the effect of Levodopa and Ephedrine.
- The embryotoxic effect of the drug has been experimentally established.
- The drug is stored at 15-25 degrees for 2 years, out of reach of children.
Aminazin's analogs
The drug can be replaced by drugs with the same or a different composition with a similar effect. These include:
active substance: chlorpromazine;
1 ml of solution contains chlorpromazine hydrochloride 25 mg;
Excipients: sodium sulfite anhydrous (E 221), sodium metabisulfite (E 223), ascorbic acid, sodium chloride, water for injection.
Dosage form. Injection.
Basic physical and chemical properties: transparent colorless or yellowish or greenish-yellow liquid.
Pharmacotherapeutic group.
Antipsychotic drugs. Phenothiazine derivatives with an aliphatic structure.
ATX code N05A A01.
Pharmacological properties
Pharmacodynamics.
Neuroleptic of the group of phenothiazine derivatives. Shows pronounced antipsychotic, sedative and antiemetic effects. Reduces or completely eliminates delusions and hallucinations, relieves psychomotor agitation, reduces affective reactions, anxiety, restlessness, and reduces motor activity. The mechanism of antipsychotic action is associated with blockade of postsynaptic dopaminergic receptors in the mesolimbic structures of the brain. It also exhibits a blocking effect on α-adrenergic receptors and suppresses the release of pituitary and hypothalamic hormones. However, blockade of dopamine receptors increases the secretion of prolactin by the pituitary gland. The antiemetic effect is caused by inhibition or blockade of dopamine D2 receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone of the cerebellum, and peripherally by blockade of the vagus nerve in the digestive system. The sedative effect is due to the blockade of central adrenergic receptors. Shows moderate or weak effects on extrapyramidal structures.
Pharmacokinetics.
Aminazine is found in the blood in small quantities 15 minutes after administration of a therapeutic dose and circulates for 2 hours. It has high binding to blood plasma proteins (95-98%), is widely distributed in the body, penetrates the blood-brain barrier, and its concentration in the brain is higher than in blood plasma. The half-life is approximately 30 hours. Intensively metabolized in the liver with the formation of a number of active and inactive metabolites. Excreted in urine, feces, and bile.
Clinical characteristics.
Indications
Chronic paranoid and hallucinatory-paranoid states, states of psychomotor agitation in patients with schizophrenia (hallucinatory-delusional, hebephrenic, catatonic syndromes), alcoholic psychosis, manic agitation in patients with manic-depressive psychosis, mental disorders in patients with epilepsy, agitated depression in patients with presenile, manic-depressive psychoses, as well as other diseases accompanied by agitation and tension. Neurotic diseases accompanied by increased muscle tone. Persistent pain, including causalgia (in combination with analgesics), persistent sleep disturbances (in combination with hypnotics and tranquilizers). Meniere's disease, vomiting in pregnant women (see section "Use during pregnancy or breastfeeding"), treatment and prevention of vomiting during treatment with antitumor drugs and radiation therapy. Dermatous itching. As part of lytic mixtures in anesthesiology.
Contraindications
Increased individual sensitivity to chlorpromazine or other components of the drug. Damage to the liver (cirrhosis, hepatitis, hemolytic jaundice, cholelithiasis), kidneys (nephritis, acute pyelitis, renal amyloidosis, urolithiasis), diseases of the hematopoietic organs, progressive systemic diseases of the brain and spinal cord (slow neuroinfections, multiple sclerosis), decompensated heart failure , severe cardiovascular diseases, gastric and duodenal ulcers during exacerbation, decompensated heart defects, severe arterial hypotension, stroke, thromboembolic disease, severe myocardial dystrophy, late stage rheumatic carditis, myxedema, late stage bronchiectasis, glaucoma; urinary retention caused by prostatic hyperplasia; severe depression of the central nervous system, coma, brain injury, acute infectious diseases. Do not use simultaneously with barbiturates, alcohol, or drugs.
Interaction with other drugs and other types of interactions.
The sedative effect of chlorpromazine is enhanced when used simultaneously with zolpidem or zopiclone; neuroleptic - with estrogens. The concentration of chlorpromazine in the blood plasma is reduced by antacids containing aluminum and magnesium hydroxide (impair the absorption of chlorpromazine from the digestive tract), barbiturates (increase the metabolism of chlorpromazine in the liver). The concentration of chlorpromazine in the blood plasma is increased by chloroquine, sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine. Cimetidine may reduce or suppress the blood concentration of chlorpromazine.
Chlorpromazine can reduce or even completely suppress the hypotensive effect of guanedine, increase the concentration of imipramine in the blood, and suppress the effects of levodopa; increase or decrease the concentration of phenytoin in the blood, reduce the effect of cardiac glycosides.
When used simultaneously with other drugs, it is possible:
with anticholinergics– increased anticholinergic effect;
with anticholinesterase drugs– muscle weakness, worsening myasthenia gravis;
with epinephrine– distortion of the effects of the latter, resulting in a subsequent decrease in blood pressure and the development of severe arterial hypotension and tachycardia;
with amitriptyline– increased risk of developing tardive dyskinesia, possible development of paralytic ileus;
with diazoxide– severe hyperglycemia;
with lithium carbonate– pronounced extrapyramidal symptoms, neurotoxic effects;
with morphine– development of myoclonus;
with cisapride– additive prolongation of the QT interval on the ECG;
with nortriptyline in patients with schizophrenia, a deterioration in the clinical condition is possible, despite an increased level of chlorpromazine in the blood;
with tricyclic antidepressants, maprotiline, monoamine oxidase inhibitors– prolongation and intensification of sedative and anticholinergic effects, increasing the risk of developing neuroleptic malignant syndrome;
with drugs for the treatment of hyperthyroidism– the risk of developing agranulocytosis increases;
with other drugs that cause extrapyramidal reactions– possible increase in the frequency and severity of extrapyramidal disorders;
with drugs that cause arterial hypotension– severe orthostatic hypotension is possible;
with ephedrine– the vasoconstrictor effect of ephedrine may be weakened.
For neurotic diseases accompanied by increased muscle tone and persistent pain, including causalgia, chlorpromazine can be combined with analgesics, and for persistent insomnia - with sleeping pills and tranquilizers.
With the simultaneous use of chlorpromazine with anticonvulsants, the effect of the latter is enhanced and the threshold for convulsive readiness may be reduced; with other drugs that depress the central nervous system, as well as with ethanol and drugs containing ethanol, it is possible to increase depression of the central nervous system, as well as respiratory depression.
Barbiturates enhance the metabolism of aminazine, stimulating microsomal liver enzymes and thereby reducing its concentration in the blood plasma and, as a consequence, the therapeutic effect.
The drug can suppress the effect of amphetamines, levodopa, clonidine, guanethidine, and adrenaline.
Features of application
With extreme caution, under close supervision, the drug should be used to treat patients with pathological changes in the blood picture, rheumatism, rheumatic carditis, alcohol intoxication, Reye's syndrome, as well as breast cancer, severe arterial hypertension, a tendency to develop glaucoma, Parkinson's disease, chronic diseases respiratory organs (especially in children), epileptic seizures, moderate cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus.
It should be prescribed with caution to elderly patients (increased risk of excessive sedation and hypotensive effects), depleted and weakened patients.
If hyperthermia develops, which is one of the symptoms of neuroleptic malignant syndrome, you should immediately stop using the drug.
In children, especially with acute illnesses, when using the drug there is a greater risk of developing extrapyramidal symptoms.
With long-term treatment with the drug, it is necessary to monitor blood composition, prothrombin index, liver and kidney function. After injection of the drug, patients need to lie down for 1-1.5 hours; a sudden transition to a vertical position can cause orthostatic collapse.
To reduce neuroleptic depression, use antidepressants and central nervous system stimulants. During therapy, due to the possibility of skin photosensitization, prolonged exposure to the sun should be avoided. The drug does not have an antiemetic effect when nausea is a consequence of vestibular stimulation or local irritation of the digestive tract. When using the drug in patients with atony of the digestive tract and achylia, it is recommended to simultaneously prescribe gastric juice or hydrochloric acid (due to the inhibitory effect of chlorpromazine on motility and secretion of gastric juice), monitor diet and intestinal function. Patients taking the drug may have an increased need for riboflavin.
Antipsychotic phenothiazines may potentiate QT prolongation, which increases the risk of ventricular arrhythmias, including torsade de pointes (TdP), which can potentially lead to sudden death.
Before prescribing the drug, the patient should be examined (biochemical status, ECG) in order to exclude possible risk factors (for example, heart disease, history of QT prolongation, metabolic disorders such as hypokalemia, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, fasting, alcohol abuse, concomitant therapy with other drugs drugs that cause prolongation of the QT interval). It is necessary to monitor the ECG at the beginning of treatment and, if necessary, during treatment.
This medicinal product contains less than 1 mmol (23 mg)/ml sodium, which is essentially sodium-free.
When using novocaine as a solvent, it is recommended to take into account the safety information for novocaine.
Use during pregnancy or breastfeeding
The drug is not recommended during pregnancy. If there is an urgent need to use chlorpromazine during pregnancy, the duration of treatment should be limited, and at the end of the third trimester of pregnancy, the dose should be reduced if possible. Aminazine prolongs labor.
When chlorpromazine was used in high doses in pregnant women, indigestion associated with an atropine-like effect and an extrapyramidal symptom were sometimes observed in newborns.
If you need to use the drug, you should stop breastfeeding. Aminazine and its metabolites penetrate the placental barrier into breast milk.
The ability to influence the reaction rate when driving vehicles or other mechanisms.
During treatment with aminazine, it is necessary to refrain from driving vehicles or operating other mechanisms.
Directions for use and doses
The drug should be administered intramuscularly or intravenously. The doctor sets doses and treatment regimens individually depending on the indications and condition of the patient. When administered intramuscularly, the highest single dose is 150 mg, the daily dose is 600 mg. Typically, 1-5 ml of solution should be administered intramuscularly no more than 3 times a day. The course of treatment is several months, in high doses – up to 1.5 months, then switch to treatment with maintenance doses, gradually reducing the dose by 25-75 mg per day. In case of acute mental agitation, administer intramuscularly 100-150 mg (4-6 ml of solution) or intravenously 25-50 mg (1-2 ml of Aminazine solution diluted in 20 ml of 5% or 40% glucose solution), if necessary 100 mg (4 ml of solution - in 40 ml of glucose solution). Introduce slowly. When administered intravenously, the highest single dose is 100 mg, the daily dose is 250 mg.
For intramuscular and intravenous administration to children over 1 year of age, a single dose is 250-500 mcg/kg body weight; children over 5 years old (body weight up to 23 kg) - 40 mg per day, 5-12 years old (body weight - 23-46 kg) - 75 mg per day.
For weakened and elderly patients, prescribe up to 300 mg per day intramuscularly or up to 150 mg per day intravenously.
Overdose
Symptoms: slurred speech, unsteady gait, bradycardia, difficulty breathing, severe weakness, confusion, weakened reflexes, drowsiness, convulsions, persistent hypotension, hypothermia, prolonged depression, and later toxic hepatitis.
Treatment: symptomatic therapy. There is no specific antidote. It is not removed by hemodialysis. For collaptoid conditions, it is recommended to administer cordiamine, caffeine, and mesatone. If dermatitis develops, treatment with Aminazine should be stopped and antihistamines should be prescribed. Neurological complications usually decrease with a decrease in the dose of Aminazine; they can also be reduced by a one-time prescription of correctors (for example, cyclodol).
After long-term use of the drug in high doses (0.5-1.5 g per day), in isolated cases jaundice, accelerated blood clotting, lympho- and leukopenia, anemia, agranulocytosis, skin pigmentation, clouding of the lens and cornea may be observed.
Adverse reactions
From the central nervous system: with long-term use, the development of neuroleptic syndrome is possible: parkinsonism, akathisia, mental indifference and other mental changes, delayed reaction to external stimuli, blurred vision; dystonic extrapyramidal reactions, tardive dyskinesia, neuroleptic depression, thermoregulation disorders, neuroleptic malignant syndrome; convulsions, insomnia, agitation, delirium, drowsiness, nightmares, depression.
From the cardiovascular system: arterial hypotension (especially with intravenous administration), tachycardia; ECG changes (QT interval prolongation, ST segment depression, changes in T and U waves, arrhythmia).
From the digestive tract: cholestatic jaundice, nausea, vomiting; dry mouth, constipation.
From the hematopoietic system: leukopenia, agranulocytosis, hematological changes, eosinophilia.
From the urinary system: difficulty urinating; priapism.
From the endocrine system: menstrual irregularities, impotence, gynecomastia, weight gain; galactorrhea; hyperprolactinemia, hyperglycemia, impaired glucose tolerance, hypercholesterolemia.
From the immune system: hypersensitivity reactions, including skin rashes, itching; exfoliative dermatitis, erythema multiforme; angioedema, bronchospasm, urticaria, systemic lupus erythematosus and other allergic reactions.
From the skin and mucous membranes: if solutions get on the mucous membranes, on the skin and under the skin - tissue irritation: reactions at the injection site, including the appearance of painful infiltrates, damage to the endothelium. Skin pigmentation, photosensitivity. To prevent these phenomena, dilute the chlorpromazine solution with solutions of novocaine, glucose, and 0.9% sodium chloride solution.
From the organs of vision: with long-term use in high doses, chlorpromazine may be deposited in the anterior structures of the eye (cornea and lens), which can accelerate the processes of natural aging of the lens, miosis.
From the respiratory system: nasal congestion.
Are common: isolated reports of sudden death while taking chlorpromazine.
Best before date
Storage conditions
Store in original packaging at a temperature not exceeding 25 °C.
Keep out of the reach of children.
Incompatibility.
Do not mix with other medications in the same syringe.
Package
2 ml per ampoule, 10 ampoules per blister pack, 1 blister pack per pack; 2 ml per ampoule, 10 ampoules per box.
On prescription.
Manufacturer
PJSC "Galichfarm"
The location of the manufacturer and its address of place of business.
Ukraine, 79024, Lviv, st. Opryshkovskaya, 6/8.
Recipe for Chlorpromazine in Latin:
An example of how to do it right write a prescription for aminazine (chlorpromazine) in Latin in tablets, dragees and ampoules. Aminazine is used to treat mental illnesses accompanied by psychomotor agitation, fear, and insomnia; Meniere's disease, for the correction of alcoholic psychoses, as well as for stopping vomiting in pregnant women and patients with itchy dermatitis.
Recipe for chlorpromazine in ampoules in Latin:
Rp.: Sol. Chlorpromazini 2.5% - 5.0 D.t.d.N 6 in amp. S. IM 2 times a dayIn acute psychosis, aminazine is prescribed intravenously as a bolus:
Rp.: Sol. Chlorpromazini 2.5% - 2.0 D.t.d. N 1 in amp. S. Intravenous bolus, diluting the drug in 20 ml of 40% glucose solution
Recipe for aminazine (chlorpromazine) in dragees in Latin
Rp. Dragee Chlorpromazini 0.1 D.t.d.N 10 S. 1 tablet each. * 2 times a dayRecipe in Latin for aminazine (chlorpromazine) tablets
Rp. Tab. Chlorpromazini 0.05 D.t.d.N 20 S. 1 tablet each. * 3 times a dayThe information is intended for specialists and students of medical universities. Do not self-medicate; consult a doctor for qualified help.
General information:
Active substance: Chlorpromazine (INN)
Pharmacological group: Neuroleptics
Prescription form: N 148-1/у-88
Trade names:
- aminazine
- chlorpromazine
Important!
Aminazine is contraindicated in cases of decompensation of cardiovascular pathology, incl. hypotension, severe kidney and liver diseases, gastric and duodenal ulcers, during lactation.
What kind of medicine is this? Aminazine is an antipsychotic that helps reduce aggressiveness, eliminates feelings of fear and reduces psychomotor agitation. With long-term use, neuroleptic syndrome may occur. Particular caution is required when using the medication in weakened patients, the elderly, and patients with asthenia.
The drug reduces capillary permeability and has a weak antihistamine effect. Additionally, it has a pronounced cataleptogenic effect.
Aminazine is one of the main representatives of neuroleptics. Despite the emergence of numerous new antipsychotic drugs, it continues to be widely used in medical practice.
One of the main features of the action of aminazine on the central nervous system is its relatively strong sedative effect. The general sedation that increases with increasing dose of chlorpromazine is accompanied by inhibition of conditioned reflex activity and, above all, motor-defensive reflexes, a decrease in spontaneous motor activity and some relaxation of skeletal muscles. A state of reduced reactivity to endogenous and exogenous stimuli sets in - consciousness, however, is preserved. At high doses, a sleepy state may develop.
The sedative effect occurs 15 minutes after intramuscular administration, 2 hours after oral administration, and even later after rectal administration. After 1 week, addiction to the sedative and hypotensive effects may occur.
The antipsychotic effect develops 4-7 days after oral administration, when a stable concentration of the drug in plasma is achieved. The maximum therapeutic effect is observed from 6 weeks to six months.
Indications for use
What does Aminazine help with? The drug is prescribed in the following cases:
- Different types of psychomotor agitation in patients with schizophrenia;
- Manic agitation in manic-depressive psychosis and other mental illnesses (psychopathy; reactive neurotic states of various origins, accompanied by fear, anxiety, agitation, insomnia);
- For psychogenic mood disorders in psychopaths, for psychoses in mentally retarded persons;
- In the treatment of acute alcoholic psychoses and to alleviate the state of withdrawal from alcoholism and substance abuse;
- To enhance the effect of analgesics for constant pain and for diseases accompanied by increased muscle tone (after cerebrovascular accidents, stroke).
Instructions for use of Aminazine and dosage
Aminazine is prescribed orally after meals. Dosage and treatment regimens are determined individually, depending on the indications and condition of the patient. Duration of treatment – from 3 weeks to 2 – 5 months or more.
For adults, the initial dosage of Aminazine is 25-75 mg per day, divided into 2-3 doses. The dose can then be gradually increased to an effective maintenance daily dose, which is usually 75-300 mg divided into 3-4 doses, but some patients may need a dose of 1 g.
In elderly patients, with diseases of the liver and cardiovascular system, the dose is reduced by 2-3 times.
Children over 5 years of age are prescribed ⅓ – ½ adult dose. The maximum daily dose is 75 mg, divided into several doses.
Aminazin injections
The maximum single dose for adults with an IM injection is 150 mg, with an IV injection – 100 mg.
The maximum daily dose for adults with an IM injection is 1 g, with an IV injection – 250 mg.
For children under 5 years of age (body weight up to 23 kg), the maximum daily dose of Aminazine for intramuscular or intravenous injections is 40 mg. For children over 5 years of age (body weight over 23 kg) – 75 mg.
Side effects
The use of Aminazine may be accompanied by the following side effects:
- from the central nervous system: akathisia, blurred vision, less often – dystonic extrapyramidal reactions, thermoregulation disorders, development of neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS);
- from the cardiovascular system: arterial hypotension (especially with intravenous administration of the drug) and tachycardia;
- from the gastrointestinal tract: dyspeptic manifestations are likely, much less often - the development of cholestatic jaundice;
- from the hematopoietic system: leukopenia and agranulocytosis (rarely);
- from the urinary system: difficulty urinating (rarely);
- from the endocrine system: gynecomastia, impotence, menstrual irregularities, weight gain.
Allergic reactions, expressed in skin itching and rashes, are possible.
Contraindications
It is contraindicated to prescribe Aminazine in the following cases:
- circulatory disorders;
- CNS depression;
- coma;
- drug intoxication;
- bone marrow suppression;
- pheochromocytoma;
- liver failure;
- active liver disease;
- previous hypersensitivity (including jaundice, agranulocytosis, etc.) to phenothiazine, especially chlorpromazine or any of the excipients in the formulation.
The drug is prescribed with caution in the following cases: epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, myasthenia gravis, prostatic hypertrophy, hypoparathyroidism, arrhythmias.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose are blurred speech, staggering gait, bradycardia, difficulty breathing, severe weakness, confusion, weakened reflexes, drowsiness, convulsions, and later toxic hepatitis.
Treatment is symptomatic, since there is no specific antidote. Hemodialysis is not effective. To reduce depression, central nervous system stimulants (sydnocarb) are prescribed. Neurological complications are reduced or stopped by the administration of antiparkinsonian drugs (cyclodol, tropacin). In collaptoid conditions, it is recommended to administer cordiamine, caffeine,.
Use during pregnancy and lactation
Sometimes Aminazine is prescribed to pregnant women, but in limited doses, which are further reduced in the third trimester. It is necessary to take into account that the active substance of the drug prolongs labor, this can cause additional difficulties and danger for both mother and child.
If the drug must be taken during lactation, then it is recommended to stop breastfeeding.
Analogs of Aminazine, list of drugs
If necessary, replace Aminazine, use analogues according to the ATC code - these are the drugs:
- Aminazine injection solution,
- Chlorpromazine hydrochloride.
Analogs for therapeutic effect are:
- Haloperidol,
- Nootropil,
- Tizercin.
When choosing analogues, it is important to understand that the instructions for use of Aminazine, price and reviews do not apply to drugs with similar effects. It is important to consult a doctor and not change the drug yourself.
The price of Aminazine in pharmacies ranges from 20 to 34 rubles (tablets).
Store in a place protected from light at a temperature not exceeding 25 °C. Keep out of the reach of children.
International nonproprietary name
Synonyms
Chlorpromazine
Pharmacotherapeutic group
Neuroleptic
Compound
1 tablet contains 50 mg of chlorpromazine hydrochloride
1 tablet contains 100 mg of chlorpromazine hydrochloride
pharmachologic effect
Neuroleptic from the group of phenothiazine derivatives. Has antipsychotic and sedative effects. Reduces or completely eliminates delusions and hallucinations, stops psychomotor agitation, reduces affective reactions, anxiety, restlessness, and reduces motor activity. Has an antiemetic effect. When used in high doses, it can cause a hypnotic effect. Causes extrapyramidal disorders, increases the secretion of prolactin. It has alpha-adrenergic blocking, antihistamine and weak m-anticholinergic activity, lowers blood pressure. The mechanism of action of the drug has not been fully elucidated. It is believed that many central effects are due to blockade of dopamine receptors in various parts of the brain. The sedative effect is apparently due to the blockade of central adrenergic receptors.
Pharmacokinetics
After oral administration, chlorpromazine is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Bioavailability - about 50%. The half-life of distribution is several hours. Metabolized in the liver, forming both active and inactive metabolites. The half-life is quite long (4 weeks or more). Excreted in urine and feces. Penetrates the blood-brain barrier, with the concentration of chlorpromazine in the brain exceeding its concentration in plasma.
Indications for use
- chronic paranoid and hallucinatory-paranoid states;
- states of psychomotor agitation in patients with schizophrenia (hallucinatory-delusional, hebephrenic, catatonic syndromes);
- alcoholic psychosis, manic agitation in patients with manic-depressive psychosis;
- mental disorders in patients with epilepsy;
- agitated depression in patients with presenile, manic-depressive psychosis;
- neurotic diseases accompanied by increased muscle tone;
- pain, incl. causalgia (in combination with analgesics);
- persistent sleep disturbances (in combination with sleeping pills and tranquilizers);
- Meniere's disease;
- vomiting of pregnant women;
- treatment and prevention of vomiting during treatment with antitumor drugs and during radiation therapy;
- itchy dermatoses;
- as part of "lytic mixtures" in anesthesiology
Directions for use and doses
The dosage regimen is set individually. For adults, the daily dose is 25-600 mg; maximum single dose - 300 mg; maximum daily dose - 1.5 g.
Children are prescribed a daily dose of 1 mg/kg body weight.
Side effect
Possible: hypotension, tachycardia, dyspeptic symptoms, dry skin, decreased salivation.
Rarely (with long-term use in high doses): neuroleptic syndrome, prolonged depression, extrapyramidal disorders; skin pigmentation, lens clouding; allergic reactions.
In isolated cases: toxic hepatitis, agranulocytosis, thrombophlebitis.
Contraindications
- liver and/or kidney dysfunction;
- dysfunction of the hematopoietic organs;
- progressive systemic diseases of the brain and spinal cord;
- myxedema;
- decompensated heart defects;
- thromboembolic disease;
- late stage of bronchiectasis;
- coma;
- brain injury
The drug should be prescribed with caution and under close supervision for gallstone and urolithiasis, acute pyelitis, rheumatism, and rheumatic carditis.
It is not recommended to use Aminazin for peptic ulcers of the stomach and duodenum. With long-term use of the drug, monitoring of the peripheral blood picture, prothrombin index, liver and kidney function, neurological examinations and consultation with an ophthalmologist are necessary. Experimental studies have established the embryotoxic effect of the drug.
Drug interactions
Aminazine enhances the effect of sleeping pills, opioid analgesics, general and local anesthesia. The effect of anticonvulsants under the influence of Aminazine is enhanced, but in some cases Aminazine can cause convulsive phenomena. Incompatible with MAO inhibitors. Long-term combination with analgesics and antipyretics is undesirable.
Release form
10 tablets of 50 mg each
500 tablets of 50 mg
10 tablets of 100 mg each
400 tablets of 100 mg