Characteristics of Pshenitsyna with quotes. The image and characteristics of Agafya Pshenitsyna in the story of Oblomov Goncharov. Biography and plot
Introduction
In the novel “Oblomov,” Goncharov portrayed two contrasting and completely different female images – Olga Ilyinskaya and Agafya Pshenitsyna. And if Olga, from the very publication of the work, attracted critics with her active position, continuous self-development and inner beauty, then Agafya received unjustified condemnation from both contemporaries and the descendants of the writer. However, the image of Pshenitsyna in Oblomov has no less depth than the image of Ilyinskaya, because according to the plot of the novel, it was with her that Ilya Ilyich found his long-awaited, albeit illusory, happiness.
The importance of Agafya in the system of characters in the novel is also indicated by the fact that the prototype of the heroine was Goncharov’s own mother, Avdotya Matveevna, who was just as kind, a believer, and with all her nature aimed at caring for the family. Pshenitsyna attracts with her truly Russian beauty: full elbows, curvaceous forms that could serve as a model for a painter or sculptor for a masterpiece, greyish-simple eyes and a bright blush on her full cheeks. She is like the ideal of a Russian peasant woman, straight out of artists’ paintings.
Peculiarities of the image of Agafya in “Oblomov”
The characterization of Pshenitsyna in the novel “Oblomov,” as well as the other characters, is ambiguous. On the one hand, the author portrays to readers a simple, uneducated woman whose interests are limited to housekeeping, cooking and communication with servants and food sellers. It’s as if she doesn’t have her own opinion, inner core and strong will - for Agafya, the opinion of her brother, and then Oblomov, replaces her own and she begins to live as a different person, completely devoting herself to him. To any question that concerned a sphere of life that was distant to her, the woman answered with a grin or silence - they were the accepted form for her, behind which Pshenitsyna covered up her ignorance and lack of education.
On the other hand, Agafya is portrayed by Goncharov as a kind of bright angel, protecting her lover from any adversity, grief and sorrow. Pshenitsyna is a wonderful housewife, a kind, modest, quiet and deeply religious woman, but not in the Christian, but in the truly Orthodox sense. For Agafya, the main happiness in life is Oblomov’s well-being, for which she continues to live, essentially sacrificing herself to another person, his ideals and ideas about happiness. But it is precisely this sacrifice and dedication of herself to another that is true happiness for the heroine, allowing her feminine nature to reveal itself and find the meaning of her life. It is noteworthy that of all the characters, only Pshenitsyna finds true, not illusory happiness, while neither Stolz with his calculations, nor Olga with her high demands on her lovers, nor the dreamy Oblomov find it or do not live it to the fullest. Goncharov seems to lead the reader to a paradox: smart, educated, successful people in society and career are inferior to a simple believing woman who lives with an all-encompassing feeling of love.
Is Pshenitsyna's love destructive?
The relationship between Oblomov and Pshenitsyna becomes for the hero after the break with Olga a safe haven, finding peace, tranquility and that “Oblomov” happiness that he had dreamed of for many years. Agafya surrounded him with care and love, unquestioningly fulfilling all his wishes and ready to do anything for her husband. Her love was based not on friendship or respect for Oblomov, but on his complete adoration, almost deification. The woman loved him not for something (as was the case in her relationship with Olga, who loved only certain traits in Oblomov, not accepting others), but simply for the fact that she could be close to her husband and feel his gratitude for her care.
According to literary critics, the nature of Pshenitsyna’s love can have different shades of definition depending on how the reader treats Oblomov and what he sees as the meaning of his life. If we consider Ilya Ilyich as a prototype of a true Russian person, that mythical “Emelya” who sits on the stove and waits for a breakthrough that can turn his life around, then, of course, Agafya’s love is a negative phenomenon in the hero’s life. The pacifying, pseudo-happy atmosphere of “Oblomovism” and inaction that reigns in Pshenitsyna’s house becomes the reason for the quick death of the hero, who refuses even to follow the doctor’s recommendations, plunging more and more into the illusory, wonderful world of dreams and half-asleep. However, Oblomov can also be considered as a typical person, an everyman, who is actually alien to the aspirations and need to constantly develop, inherent in Stolz and Olga, and is close to the usual family values, routine peace and well-being. In this case, Agafya is the very woman that Oblomov always dreamed of, and her love becomes a healing balm for the hero, exhausted after his relationship with Olga.
Conclusion
Agafya Matveevna Pshenitsyna in the novel “Oblomov” is the kindest and most Christian-loving character. Despite her simplicity and lack of education, a woman is the bearer of an infinitely tender, all-encompassing feeling that does not require anything in return, which has become the main meaning of her life. At the end of the work, the author does not make final conclusions about the image of Agafya, but it is obvious that for Goncharov she is an attractive and undeniably positive character, introduced into the novel to contrast with Oblomov, Stolz and Olga, who are constantly looking for something within themselves or in the world around them.
Work test
The novel "Oblomov", written by the author, presents the reader with versatile characters. The female images in the work are complete opposites. and Agafya Pshenitsyna are antipodes. Literary critics note Olga’s life position, desire for self-improvement and constant development. The inner beauty of the heroine in the work is contrasted with the bourgeois love for the home and family of Agafya Pshenitsyna.
Agafya received negative reviews from the writer’s contemporaries and the public, who subsequently became acquainted with the novel. Pshenitsyna is close to the main character in spirit, but the sympathies of the audience always turned out to be on the side of Ilyinskaya. At the same time, the image of the second character is no less deep and multifaceted. The illusory happiness and love that he sought to find overtook him in his marriage to Agafya.
Biography and plot
Agafya Matveevna Pshenitsyna is the widow of an official and the illegitimate wife of the protagonist. The characterization of a character begins with an external description. She looked no more than 30 years old. The figure was distinguished by its fullness and whiteness of skin. The face did not stand out in anything remarkable: the eyebrows were inconspicuous, the eyes were unattractive, the expression did not reflect emotions. Only the woman’s hands betrayed her penchant for work. Until the appearance of Oblomov, her life was monotonous and devoid of bright events. The housewife had no education, talents or interests. The main value was the house, which she maintained immaculately.
Agafya fanatically managed her household affairs, realizing that there would always be work. Her activity prevented anyone from getting bored and wasting time. The character of the heroine and selfless devotion to ideals awakened love in Oblomov. Having become a lodger, Ilya Ilyich demonstrated how he could influence female nature. Laziness did not become an obstacle to the birth of a new love story. Pshenitsyna was transformed. She not only became thoughtful, but also tried in every possible way to please her lover. Oblomov's clothes were always clean, the table was set in accordance with his wishes, and during moments of Ilya's illness, Agafya Matveevna did not leave the sick bedside.
The author wrote that with the advent of love in Pshenitsyna’s life, the entire household, like an organism, acquired a new meaning of life. The specificity of the image of Agafya Pshenitsyna is that she turns out to be the only decisive and unselfish person among Oblomov’s acquaintances. The heroine is ready to make sacrifices to help out her husband: she pawns jewelry, borrows from the family of her late husband, breaks ties with her brother, who is trying to involve Oblomov in intrigue.
In the union of Pshenitsyna and Oblomov, a son is born. The boy is not like Agafya Matveevna’s other children. He has no place in the family and, realizing this, after Oblomov’s death the child is transferred to foster care.
A woman’s love did not need material reinforcements and did not require changes in Ilya Ilyich’s personality. He was the best man for her. The connection between the characters was built not on fictitious attachments, but on the conscious similarity of characters and worldview.
Goncharov, describing the heroine, presents a dual image. This is a narrow-minded woman without ambitions or interests, whose social circle is servants and merchants. A weak-willed character, ready to live someone else’s life in the absence of his own ideals and ambitions. On the other hand, Pshenitsyna appears as a savior in the situation in which the main character finds himself. This is a quiet housewife trying to hide her illiteracy, a believing home woman who protects Oblomov’s peace. Capable of sacrifice, she gives herself completely, showing natural femininity and finding happiness from the opportunity to be close to her loved one.
Relations with Agafya Matveevna become a healing balm for Oblomov after the vicissitudes of his relationship with Ilyinskaya. He receives the long-awaited peace and harmony. He is idolized and loved despite his nature and habits. The character of Pshenitsyna, depending on the reader’s perception of the main character of the work, evokes different feelings. Oblomov the lazy man provokes the appearance of a negative image of Agafya, who panders to his shortcomings. Oblomov, an ordinary man who is not looking for movement and development, is happy with Agafya. For a simple bourgeois existence, Pshenitsyna turns out to be a suitable passion.
A comparison of Pshenitsyna and Ilyinskaya shows that the first is a character demonstrating Christian love. When wondering why it was not the brave Olga, but the quiet Agafya, who turned out to be closer to Oblomov, it is easy to get the answer:
"A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush".
Tortured by needs, Oblomov’s essence felt comfortable in bliss and adoration. The hero, incapable of fighting, turned out to be inclined to a simple way of existence.
Actresses
The role of Agafya Matveevna in films was performed by diverse artists. In the 1965 film of the same name, the role of Oblomov’s last love was played by Tamara Aleshina. The main role in the actress’s career was the character of the film “Heavenly Slug” - Masha Svetlova. The performer's appearance was conducive to her appointment to the role. Director Alexander Belinsky relied on the dramatic talent of the theater artist, thanks to which the image turned out to be deep and authentic.
Tamara Aleshina as Pshenitsyna
In 1966, Italian film director Claudio Fino released a project called OBLOMOV. The role of Agafya Pshenitsyna went to Pina Chei. The actress is known for playing the leading female roles in projects based on classical literature.
In 1972, Soviet directors Oscar Remez and Galina Kholopova began filming the novel. The image of Agafya Pshenitsyna was embodied by Marina Kuznetsova.
The actresses who played the role of Oblomov's named wife were distinguished by pleasant but typical facial features. This matched the description of the heroine in the novel. The subtle nuance of the director’s plan emphasized Goncharov’s idea that for Oblomov, Pshenitsyna was not a simple housewife. She was more of a guardian angel who took responsibility for someone else's life and well-being.
- Agafya Pshenitsyna is not a random character in the novel. Its prototype is the image invented by the author to depict Oblomov’s mother. Avdotya Matveevna, like Agafya, has an Old Russian name and a similar patronymic. A believer and kind woman personified caring for her son and home.
- Despite the desire to interpret Pshenitsyna’s character as negative, it is noteworthy that he is described in the traditions of Russian beauty. A plump woman who takes care of the family hearth is a symbol of the fertility of the Russian land and everything that attracts Oblomov in his native country.
- The system of images in the novel is curious: two men and two women opposed to each other find happiness based on the similarity of characters. Educated intellectuals find each other, guided by ambitions and aspirations. Their happiness seems feigned and incomplete. At the same time, ordinary people find peace and harmony in a family where respect for each other reigns.
Olga Sergeevna Ilinskaya |
Agafya Matveevna Pshenitsyna |
|
Character traits |
irresistible, kind, not like everyone else, ambitious |
Kind, sociable, hard-working, easy to get along with, sweet, well-mannered, neat and independent |
Appearance |
She was tall, she had a bright, clear face, a refined neck and gray-blue eyes, wide eyebrows and long hair, thin lips |
She had gray eyes and a beautiful face, curvaceous, fair skin |
was an orphan, lost her parents at a young age, lived with her aunt, and despite her difficult childhood she was very well brought up |
She was married to Pshenitsyn, but he died and the woman remained a widow; was the mother of two children |
|
Behavior |
she was not very talkative, did not throw around words, spoke to the point, not hot-tempered, calm, with a sincere laugh |
Active, constantly busy with something; she was cunning, but it all benefited Oblomov |
How I met Oblomov |
Stolz brought them together at the Ilyinskys’ house. A new friend was charmed by the girl’s unusual voice |
We met thanks to Terentyev, soon after this Oblomov comes to Agafya to rent a house, after which he gets to know the girl more |
How did you feel about Oblomov? |
she was touched by stories about Oblomov, as well as Ilya’s pure and sincere heart. Soon the girl fell in love with Ilya and wanted to see changes in him. But alas, I was disappointed in him, although later I realized that he was an unusual person |
She treats him very kindly, prays for him, whoever he is sick with, carefully monitors his health and tries to cure him. So he falls in love with Oblomov, idolizes him and considers him extraordinary |
How did Oblomov treat |
Olga was an ideal for him, thanks to her he understood what bright feelings are. Their relationship began in the spring, but by the fall it had already ended |
With Agafya Oblomov is calmer, he feels comfort and care. After some time, he confesses his feelings to her and decides to kiss her. |
Life goal |
change Oblomov, and learn to understand others |
She knows how to do everything, loves to work, but is a little stupid. She doesn't think about the future, but simply lets life go with the flow. I wanted to make everything cozy, and especially in life with Oblomov |
How fate developed |
With age she became smarter and wiser, Stolz became her husband, with whom she gave birth to children |
They lived with Oblomov for 7 years, after which Agafya lost her husband, and her son Andrei remains the only consolation |
Favorite hobby |
loved to sing and go to the theater, play music and read |
A good housewife, hardworking, she loved to cook and look after the household; did handicrafts |
Similar features |
simple girls, faithful, homely, kind |
Composition by Olga Ilyinskaya and Agafya Pshenitsyna
Love is one of the key problems in the work of the great Simbirsk writer Goncharov “Oblomov”. Ilya Ilyich Oblomov is the center of two love stories. There were two women in his life, completely different, unlike each other. They both made a huge contribution to his life, but each in their own way. Let's compare these two, without a doubt, great women in the hero's life, their characters and contributions to the image and character of the protagonist.
Olga Ilyinskaya is a sophisticated lady with an incredibly fine spiritual organization. Ilya Ilyich’s meeting with her was a gift of fate for him. He was incredibly lucky on the day they met and met. His life would not be so rich without her, even if it was for such a short time.
Olga was a creative girl, she loved literature, theater, and had great musical talent. This is what brought life into the passive existence of the hero. Thanks to her uncontrollable desire to develop, Oblomov was still able to get up from his couch for a while, take off his robe and begin to act. Olga began taking him to the opera and theater. It was thanks to her that the hero began to feel at least something. Something seemed to turn over in his soul with her appearance.
Olga's true desire was to change the hero, to revive him, to make him feel. She did not want to put up with his being, but sought to destroy his habits, forcing him to live and not exist. This is what a determined, brave girl does, ready to do anything for love.
However, the hero was not ready for such drastic changes. He did not want to put aside his favorite robe forever for the sake of some love adventures that would only tire him. He broke Olga's heart. However, they forever remained each other's brightest love. After all, there was no more passionate love in his life.
The second and last woman in Ilya Ilyich’s life was Agafya Pshenitsyna. Her character was radically different from Olga's. She was not at all inclined to change Ilya. He suited her the way he was. With a book open on the same page, with a robe, on a soft sofa. She only contributed to his regression, his degradation as a person. Agafya served him in every possible way, brought food, cleaned up.
Their life was absolutely synonymous with life in Oblomovka. This is exactly the kind of life that Ilya craved. It was much more comfortable for him to live with Agafya, with her measured character.
Such a life could not lead to anything good, but Agafya did not understand this. It was enough for her that they were simply comfortable living with each other. Such a passive life, devoid of movements and emotions, led not only to the death of Oblomov as an individual, but also as a person.
Thus, we can conclude that these two different women changed the hero’s life, they brought love into his life, only the stories turned out to be opposite. One story - filled with emotions, passionate, bright. And the other is slow, measured, calm. The hero made his choice and subsequently paid for it.
We cannot blame him for this choice, because every person comes from childhood, and it can be extremely difficult to change it, no matter how much the other person wants it.
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Plan
1. Introduction
2. General characteristics
3.Meeting Oblomov
4. Living together
5. Life without Oblomov
At first glance, Agafya Pshenitsyna may seem like a minor character in the novel "Oblomov". But in fact, she personifies the ideal of a calm and serene life that Ilya Ilyich strived for.
Agafya was an extremely limited woman. Her range of interests was limited to housekeeping and caring for children. If they started talking to Agafya about subjects beyond her understanding, the woman’s face would take on a completely stupid expression. But in the field of housekeeping she had no equal. Agafya could not sit idle and always found some kind of work.
Agafya's life flowed slowly and measuredly. Nothing remarkable happened there. Cooking, washing, mending clothes followed each other with the same sequence as the seasons. Agafye did not experience boredom, she simply did not understand what it was. Several times a year there were big holidays, which stood out among everyday days only in that more dishes were served on the table.
When Ilya Ilyich moved to a new apartment, something significant happened in Agafya’s life for the first time. At first, she was simply very embarrassed by the master’s appearance. The desire to please him became the defining feeling of a simple woman. But gradually this feeling began to develop into something more. Agafya herself would hardly be able to accurately describe her attitude towards Oblomov.
This love was based on boundless respect. Agafya involuntarily compared Oblomov with her late husband. Ilya Ilyich became for her the embodiment of a happy life, inaccessible to ordinary people. The master did not have to do anything himself, he only gave orders. Agafya was pleased to predict all his desires. Of no small importance was Ilya Ilyich’s penchant for eating well.
Gradually, in caring for Ilya Ilyich, Agafya reached complete self-sacrifice. As long as the master had money, this was expressed in Agafya’s even greater immersion in household chores. But after Ivan Matveevich’s machinations, she experienced horror. There was absolutely no money in the house. Agafya didn’t even think about herself or the children. She was only concerned about the stomach of Ilya Ilyich, who was accustomed to abundant and tasty food. The woman began to secretly sell the jewelry she kept. Agafya changed a lot: she turned pale and haggard. Her face bore the imprint of eternal concern. What worried her most was that Ilya Ilyich would not guess anything.
Stolz managed to expose the secret dealings of Agafya’s brother. Oblomov again began to receive a solid income from the village. This happy turn of events finally brought Agafya closer to Ilya Ilyich. The return to prosperity transformed the woman. She gained weight again and happily surrounded Oblomov with the most caring attention and care. Agafya finally found the purpose and meaning of her existence.
After the first heartbeat that struck Oblomov, Agafya realized that laziness would destroy her beloved master. She began to take care of his health, did not let Ilya Ilyich eat much, and forced him to go for walks. The common child did not put Agafya on the same level as Oblomov. She treated him differently from other children. In her eyes, the son of Ilya Ilyich was a young baron who had a brilliant future ahead of him.
When Ilya Ilyich died quietly in his own bed, Agafya lost the meaning of life. She was burdened by the role of a widow-landowner. Her own children were already settled, but Agafya didn’t want anything for herself personally. With great joy, she gave little Andryusha to be raised by Stolz and moved in with her brother. Agafya wanted Oblomov’s son to become the same master. Years passed, and the woman could not forget Ilya Ilyich, with whom she spent the best years of her life.
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The image of Agafya Matveevna Pshenitsyna in Ivan Goncharov’s novel “Oblomov” is usually considered secondary, however, if you think deeper, you begin to understand how important a role she plays in the work.
This woman enters the life of Ilya Ilyich quietly and unnoticed and becomes a good angel for him. Thanks to her, the hero felt happy, and even though this happiness was to some extent an illusion, Ilya Ilyich lived the last years of his life with Agafya well and well. To understand the intentions and aspirations of this simple but kind woman, you need to familiarize yourself with her characteristics.
Agafya Pshenitsyna - a widow with two children
From the pages of the novel we learn that Agafya Pshenitsyna remained a widow with two children - eight-year-old Vanya and six-year-old Masha. Her former husband was the collegiate secretary Pshenitsyn, for whom the woman did not have any special feelings.
Agafya is not very smart
Down-to-earth and dull Agafya Pshenitsyna is the complete opposite of Olga Ilyinskaya, who strives for self-development. All the woman’s interests boil down to feeding Oblomov and the rest of the household deliciously, and cleaning the house and yard clean. Agafya does not attend the theater, is not interested in art, the heroine’s mind is limited, she is unable to perceive what goes beyond the usual understanding: “...She listened stupidly, blinking her eyes evenly...” The woman answered any question concerning a sphere that was distant to her a smile or silence, behind which she tried to hide her lack of education and ignorance.
However, if this woman started talking about a familiar subject, even dullness disappeared.
A distinctive feature of Agafya is thriftiness.
And in the kitchen, where she feels like a fish in water, and in the garden, and in the house, this woman works tirelessly. Not a single undarned sock, always ironed and sewn clothes, skillfully ground and brewed coffee, excellent baked goods, delicious food, cleanly decorated rooms - all this characterizes Agafya Matveevna as an excellent, even brilliant, housewife.
When Ilya Oblomov appeared in her destiny, this woman began to live and work for his happiness and well-being, giving all of herself to the one she sincerely loved. It is noteworthy that Agafya cooks herself, although she has a cook, Anisya, who helps.
It seems like this woman never rests. In addition, she is a great neat person. “Agafya Matveevna is neatness itself!” - Oblomov speaks enthusiastically about her when talking with Andrei Stolts.
House of Agafya Pshenitsyna
In St. Petersburg, on the Vyborg side, there is an old house with a large vegetable garden, which belongs to Agafya Pshenitsyna. Here, despite the small rooms with low ceilings and old windows, perfect order always reigns. “Plain walnut chairs were huddled along the walls; under the mirror stood a card table; the windows were crowded with pots of eranya and marigolds, and four cages with siskins and canaries hung…”
The furnishings in Agafya Pshenitsyna’s kitchen indicate that she is a real housewife. Here “there is everything that could be needed on the farm. In the kitchen there were large and small dishes, round and oval dishes, gravy boats, cups, piles of plates, cast iron, copper and clay pots. Agafya's pantry was full of various products. There was everything here - cheese, butter, meat, sugar, mushrooms, nuts, sour cream, eggs, and many other products.
Dear readers! We invite you to read the novel “Oblomov” by I. Goncharov
Four of all the rooms are occupied by Oblomov, who moved into the house; Agafya and her children live in the two non-dress ones, and the hostess’s brother, the official Mukhoyarov, lives at the top of the house.
Agafya and Oblomov
When Ilya Ilyich Oblomov appeared in Agafya Matveevna’s life, it flowed in a different direction. Joint farming brought these heroes closer together. Pshenitsyna now has someone for whom she can live, giving away her abilities and skills and enjoying reciprocal gratitude. “Everything in Pshenitsyna’s house breathed such abundance and completeness of economy, which had never happened before, when Agafya Matveevna lived in the same house with her brother.” “Before she saw it as a duty, now it has become her pleasure. She began to live in her own full and varied way,” the author characterizes the heroine from this side.
When Ilya Ilyich fell ill, Agafya, without taking her eyes off him, sat by his bed at night, and then ran to church, hastening to order a prayer service to remember his health. The woman became nervous and irritable, which was not observed in her before.
But as soon as Oblomov began to recover, “she gained weight again, again her household began to run briskly, cheerfully, cheerfully, with a little original touch.” A simple-minded woman, Agafya did not even know that she fell in love with Oblomov, she was not aware of her feelings, she simply lived for this person dear to her heart. And she was happy. The relationship between Agafya and Ilya Ilyich, developing, gradually grew into marriage. Oblomov married Pshenitsyna, and the couple had a son together, Andryusha. Life flowed peacefully and quietly, like Oblomov, but suddenly trouble came knocking on their cozy home.
Agafya after Oblomov's death
Unfortunately, the happiness of Agafya and Ilya did not last long. Oblomov died, and Pshenitsyna’s life seemed to stop. The inconsolable widow constantly cried and prayed in the church. The author describes this period of time as follows: “...There she is, in a dark dress, with a black woolen scarf around her neck, walking from the room to the kitchen like a shadow, still opening and closing cabinets, sewing, ironing lace, but quietly, without energy, speaks as if reluctantly, in a quiet voice...” The only joy for the woman was her son Andryusha, but she also gave him to the care of Stolz, because such was the will of her late husband.
The heroine of the novel was sure that she did the right thing, because she believed that the youngest son had no place among the mob, because he was a “little baron.” “He’s so white, like a liquid,” Agafya admired. What about adult children? Maybe they became a consolation for the unhappy mother? But no. The son and daughter each went their own way in life: Vanya graduated from a “science course” and entered the service, and Masha married the caretaker of a state-owned house.
Dear readers! We propose to analyze in I. Goncharov’s novel “Oblomov”
After Oblomov’s death, unfortunate Agafya lived in the same house with Anisya and Zakhar for six months, overcome with grief. She realized that “the sun shone in her and darkened again.” And only when, arriving at the Stolts, she saw her son, she burst into bitter tears, and Olga, imbued with the pain of the poor woman, cried with her. Unhappy Agafya, who experienced what love is, but lost a dear person forever. Alas, it happens, sometimes fate teaches bitter lessons. But you still have to live, despite everything.