USSR Ashgabat Kishin Regiment Rep. Company. Governor of Sevastopol Sergei Kunitsyn: “We returned from the war fearless.” Kishinsky, Nikolai Semenovich
12:47 12/25/2009
Sergei Kunitsyn ended up in Afghanistan after being drafted, like 600 thousand other guys. His service took place in the difficult year of 1984, when the 40th Army suffered its heaviest losses. Formerly the Prime Minister of Crimea, he now heads the administration of the city of Sevastopol.
Sergei Vladimirovich, how did you join the army and why did you end up in Afghanistan?
I was born in Turkmenistan, although I myself am Russian. My father is a geologist from Murmansk, after the war he was assigned there, and my mother’s family moved from Saratov, and then from Grozny, to Baku back in the 1930s, and then to Krasnovodsk. The parents met there.
I lived there for 13 years, then my father was transferred to Crimea, where I graduated from school and the Civil Engineering Institute, and was assigned to Tyumen. I worked there for eight months, and then I was drafted into the army. There was no military department at the university, so I joined the army when I was 23 years old.
At the military registration and enlistment office they looked at where he was born. They offered a construction battalion, civil engineers were valued in the army, and it was profitable, because back then they paid well, you could earn money. But I refused - I was involved in sports, I didn’t want to lose my shape. They proposed a school for sergeants. I agreed. I was sent to Ashgabat for five months to the sergeants' school. There was a mountain center called Kelata, and the Kishinsky regiment was located in Ashgabat, we called it the school of gladiators. Lost 20 kg of weight. The teaching was serious. We, 400 sergeants, were released and sent to the border in Termez.
Did you understand that you were being sent to war? Could you refuse at this stage?
I understood, and it was possible to refuse. I will say more: they left me twice, and I refused twice. This is a negative attitude towards the army now, but in Soviet times, even girls refused to date a guy who did not serve... They left him in Ashgabat as an instructor, and then he left him - he ran away. So I decided: “I’ll go, I won’t forgive myself otherwise.”
Have you ever met deserters, cowards?
Why do I ask? Because for some reason it is precisely this side of the war that now appears in films more often.
A picture emerges that only losers seemed to join the army, and even those dreamed of deserting at any cost.
I have met not cowards, but people who are scared. And everyone is scared in war, and I was scared. I didn't see any deserters. There was such a case: a guy from our company was captured, for 20 years he was considered a deserter, they thought that he was living somewhere in the USA, Canada. But recently his remains were found. The dushmans handed over the documents along with them. Identification, DNA analysis, etc. are underway. But 99% it is him. The Dushmans then captured him and killed him. Or another example: Crimean Sergei Korshenko from the Krasnoperekopsk region was also considered missing for many years. And only in 2002 it was possible to establish that he was one of those who raised an uprising in the Badaber prison camp in the Pakistani Peshawar region and died heroically there. On February 8, 2003, by decree of the President of Ukraine, junior sergeant Sergei Korshenko was awarded the Order of Courage, III degree (posthumously), for personal courage and heroism shown in the performance of military, official, and civil duty.
Where did you acquire your sergeant experience? Were you sent straight to the front?
In Termez, I was already a platoon commander; we were given 4 thousand young soldiers. We prepared them for two and a half months for Afghanistan. Then they sent soldiers to Afghanistan. Me and two of my friends - German Kuzmin from Tyumen and Kazakh Alexei Zhusupov were transferred to the guards demonstration regiment of the Turkestan Military District in Termez. It was already January 1984, the bloodiest of the entire war: 2.4 thousand Soviet soldiers were killed, 8.5 thousand were wounded. My friend Alexey later died. My son is named after him.
At the beginning of March, we, as part of three additional battalions, were brought into Afghanistan through the famous bridge on the Amu Darya - it was built in 1982, in 1989 it was along which Gromov withdrew his troops.
How are battalions introduced?
In the morning at 5 we found ourselves on the other side. And we walked through Afghanistan for five days - not on foot, of course, in armored personnel carriers and BMP-2s. They changed everything for us, right down to our clothes, boots, machine guns, infantry fighting vehicles - everything was new, the most modern.
That is, it is an artistic lie that the Soviet army was poor and naked?
Absolute lie. The war showed the shortcomings of equipment, uniforms, and training. Because exercises are exercises, but war is something completely different. But then we were ready, at least in terms of weapons, equipment, technology, equipment.
Explain, did you go without stopping for five days? No sleep, no food?
Of course not. They walked during daylight hours and stopped at unit locations at night. We have been walking through the Salang pass for the last 24 hours. There is a tunnel in the rock at an altitude of 4 km. The place is treacherous - even our drivers suffocated there once.
Where did your first fight take place?
They threw our regiment, unfired, even though it was a Guards regiment, into the most terrible place against the most powerful commander, Ahmad Shah Massoud, in the Panjshir Gorge. For the capture of this gorge in 1982, Ruslan Aushev received the “Hero of the Soviet Union”. Then there was a truce with him for two years.
Our operation was the sixth attempt to take Panjshir. Masood left.
On the 40th day in Afghanistan, the battalion was ambushed. There was such symbolism in this. Many then thought that it was no coincidence - like on the fortieth day after a funeral, when the earthly ordeals of the soul end.
This all happened on April 30, 1984. 230 people were led by a commander - minus one company. The commander anticipated an ambush and refused to go into this Khazar gorge, but the division commander radioed the regiment commander, called the battalion commander a coward, and said that tomorrow was May 1st and the order must be carried out.
Our battalion commander was Captain Korolev. In general, we had three captains: Korolev, the chief of staff, Captain Ryzhakov, and the political officer, Captain Gryadunov. The battalion was called the royal battalion, Captain Korolev was very loved, he was the strongest commander.
So we ended up in battle, in a bloody mess. Our captain Alexander Korolev died. 57 people died. There have never been such losses before or since. And several more people died from their wounds in hospitals.
Then they wanted to lay the blame for this on the dead. They didn’t want to reward anyone, even posthumously. But those who remained were outraged by the injustice, wanted to start an uprising, and it almost came to a riot.
After the war, we found the widow of our battalion commander Korolev, his son. A monument was erected at the grave in Balabanovo near Kaluga. His widow never remarried, our battalion commander has such a good son. And he is now the same age as our battalion commander was when he died - 29.
How does a person feel when a friend is killed in front of his eyes?
Anger, pain, sadness, despair. When they killed my friend in front of my eyes, I wanted to howl and cry. But there were no tears. Dried up. Howled... Shot all the ammunition. He shouted something. But there were simply no tears - an unusual feeling.
There is such a theme in society: killed in war - in vain, they say, he lost his life. This is true? Or is death on the battlefield sacred? Or is this contrived by the rear?
Don't know. I then had the feeling that the best were dying. Then I thought: why does the Lord take the best? I can’t say that we who survived are bad, but those who left forever were better than us.
When you were wounded, what were you thinking?
I didn't think about anything. I probably didn’t have time to think about it. At night they were leading a captive dushman, and suddenly shots rang out. Shrapnel hit my face, shoulder, and legs. They shot back. Then I look: my leg is covered in blood. Well, I bandaged it and that’s it. I didn’t even contact the medical battalion. Now my leg often hurts. And when I received a concussion and injured my back, there was no time for thinking either. I rode an armored vehicle. Bolt. It’s good that the grenade launcher didn’t hit the tank, but nearby, but still it shook, fell, and lost consciousness. He severely injured his back and head and became deaf. I woke up - how did I feel? Alive - and thank God...
Have you been to Afghanistan since then?
No, and it doesn’t, to be honest. We go to the guys’ graves and get together.
Then and now you have a different understanding of the necessity of whether it was necessary to go to Afghanistan?
Most of my comrades believed and still believe that the Soviet Union should not have lost Afghanistan. But before taking extreme measures, it was necessary to take all others. There was no such person in the country's leadership who would insist on this.
How did you feel when you left Afghanistan?
I left when my term of service ended. I left the reserve feeling that my comrades and I were doing the right thing. Our parents and our loved ones were proud of us. We had nothing to be ashamed of. It was our duty, and we performed it honestly.
Often people who did not participate in the war say that it was Afghanistan that buried the Union. Do you agree with them?
No, the Union was destroyed by the political will of a group of people, and not by sentiment. I think that if Andropov had lived longer, the Soviet Union would have completed military operations in Afghanistan earlier, and political reforms would have been carried out differently. And the Soviet Union would not have collapsed. Now many documents are being opened both on the war and on perestroika. So I have reason to think so.
Much has been written about the war. There are excellent studies by Lyakhovsky.
As for the veterans, we returned from the war fearless. After all, there were a lot of us - 600 thousand who fought alone, but we still have to count specialists, builders, families. We have become a powerful social factor. We could not be ignored. We actively took part in all our lives and were not afraid to speak openly, but the mood of disintegration and rejection of the Soviet experience was not ours. We were not destroyers of the country, we carried a powerful charge of justice.
If you look, the war veterans are not lost in the new conditions. Both in Russia and here they are visible and active, many deputies, mayors, and leaders. Our brotherhood transcends today's borders.
In some ways, the Americans are repeating the Soviet experience in Afghanistan. Their veterans do not have the same feeling with which we returned. But they have a sense of superiority. We didn’t have this with the Afghans. Therefore, there were no such excesses.
What do you think about Ukraine’s participation in American military campaigns?
Of course, negatively, Ukraine does not need this. Now only a small detachment of pilots is involved, and these are not combat missions. By the way, recently one Crimean helicopter pilot died - he was shot down near Kandahar.
But it is believed that participation in the war is beneficial for the army?
Of course, the army comes out of the war strengthened. The Soviet army emerged from Afghanistan modernized and powerful. But it is impossible to compare the army of the USSR and Ukraine, even Russia, although the Russian army, of course, from the Caucasian military experience, no matter how you look at it, came out stronger than before. Ukraine does not need to participate in such conflicts, this is my conviction. The Ukrainian army will not have to solve any problems even remotely similar to the Afghan one.
Why are there no celebrations either on the 20th anniversary of the withdrawal of troops, or now, on the 30th anniversary of the operation? In Russia, the Duma has not been able to pass a law on Veterans Day for 16 years. Are the authorities in Ukraine also shunning Afghan history?
Yes, that's a question. For our 20th anniversary, we came to Moscow at the invitation of the Veterans Committee. There was a big and solemn meeting in the Kremlin. But no one came out to the veterans except Naryshkin. It seemed strange to many then that we gathered in the Kremlin, but no one above the head of the administration appeared.
Lieutenant General, b. in 1814, d. November 14, 1868. He came from the nobility of the Kharkov province, received his education at a private educational institution, began his service in 1831 as a cadet of the Kozlovsky infantry regiment and immediately got into an expedition against the highlanders of the northwestern Caucasus; in 1838 he transferred to the Kurinsky regiment, which especially distinguished itself in affairs with the highlanders. In 1848, already with the rank of lieutenant colonel, he was transferred to the Shirvan regiment and participated in the capture of Gergebil; in 1850 he was promoted to colonel, in 1852 to major general. During his relatively short service, N. S. Kishinsky was wounded four times and in 1852 he was discharged from the army due to illness from his wounds. But with the outbreak of hostilities against Turkey, he again entered active service, and already on November 19, 1853, he took an active part in the defeat of the Turkish army at Bash-Kadyk-Lar; the following year, in the battle of Kyuryuk-Dar, he personally led his brigade with bayonets and contributed significantly to the victory, and at the same time again received a severe wound. He died from illnesses caused by these wounds.
"Military Collection", 1869, vol. 65, 223-227.
(Polovtsov)
Kishinsky, Nikolai Semenovich
G. L., one of the heroes of the East. wars, kind. in 1814 and in 1831 he entered Kozlov as a cadet. infantry n., who was then in the Caucasus, where all of his fighting took place. continuous activity ex-tions against the highlanders. In 1838, K. moved to Kurinsky settlement, and in 1848 - to Shirvansky; in 1850 K. was promoted to the regiment. and designation commander of Absheron. n., in 1852 - to major general. 4 wounds received by K. in battles with the highlanders forced him to enlist in the army in 1852, but with the beginning of the East. war, he returned to duty and took action. participation in the battle at Bashkadyklar and Kuryuk-Dara. Leading in this afterbirth. While fighting his brigade with bayonets, he was again seriously wounded and had to leave the service. Died 1868
(Military enc.)
Kishinsky, Nikolai Semenovich
Addition: Kishensky, Nikolai Semenovich, b. May 9, 1814, in 1856 commander of the 5th infantry. div.
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From the book Great Soviet Encyclopedia (CU) by the author TSBIn July, while passing through Ashgabat, I went, according to my mandatory program, to my favorite cafe “Arzuv” at the intersection of Lakhuti-Kalinina near school 15, to eat the delicious lula kebab there and, with a clear conscience, go further to the Garlyk “chemistry” ". I sat down at my favorite table, waited for the waitress and made the usual order... And the girl said to me: “Shashlik, lula - yok. We don’t have a grill anymore, they tore it down and broke it.” And it was only then that the thought came to me, through my belly, that the city of Ashgabat rapidly continues to be deprived of eggs on the eve of the 2017 Asian Games. The campaign, which began last year with the removal of satellite dishes from the facades of houses, continued with the demolition of almost all extensions (what it is and what it looks like can be seen in the reports And ) and the completely incomprehensible cutting down of many deciduous trees, so important for such hot cities. People are frankly perplexed, why cut down the maklura, which provides a lot of shade and coolness, why cut down the pomegranate tree, which actually bears fruit, and what people certainly don’t understand is why leave the pine tree to grow? However, I digress.
In today's post, I want to take a walk through an area that has not yet been affected by these city clashes, but has already gotten too close. Today we go to the western part of Freedom Avenue, which is now called Magtymguly, and walk from the Cosmos cinema to the so-called “Second Park”. Naturally, not directly, but with a branch into the residential areas of the 30th microdistrict. In this post, I collected footage from several walks, including winter ones. Well, now let's go to the cut.
The area under study in this image is located in its upper part and is limited in the south by the Svoboda section, which in turn is enclosed between two fountains (two “rings”). The photo is clickable.
And again, I can’t start with the 30th microdistrict without showing the 15th school district mentioned at the beginning of the post. On the way to the cafe I suspected something was wrong
It’s as if there were fighting in these courtyards
And somewhere else they continued
Well, before all this reaches the 30th microdistrict, let’s go to him as soon as possible. Freedom Avenue (Makhtumkuli) in the west it abuts a small two-story building "Cosmos" cinema building, a cinema whose photographs I didn’t have time to ask for unless I was lazy. But the fact is, as I understand it, to the right of this building to this day there is a military unit and many soldiers, conscripts from all over the Union who served here, probably ran to the cinema, which is what they remember now when they hear about Ashgabat.
Well, the building still stands today, it has the same name "Space", but only in Turkmen "Alem", but there is no cinema inside anymore. The truth is, I still haven’t figured out what’s inside.
Opposite the cinema there is a fountain that has not changed its appearance since Soviet times.
Across the road from it, already along Svoboda, there is another series of old, ugly fountains. Or rather, there were fountains. At the beginning of August 2016, this area was fenced off and construction work was already underway there. I found a photo from the spring of 2015.
To the left of the former cinema building is residential area of Iranian embassy employees, fenced with a high fence. The dominant here is madrasah building (Muslim educational institution), built either in the late 80s or early 90s.
We move along Svoboda to the east and look at the local 3- and 4-story houses
And then we turn to Kurban Durdy street to find house number 64. At one time, one of my friends lived at this address, although I’m already confused in nicknames, so I won’t reveal her name - she’ll answer herself))
House number 64 on Kurbana Durdy street. Behind me is fence of military unit No. 81102
We return to Svobody, walk another 200 meters and again dive deep into the 30th microdistrict. Along Svoboda there are beautiful houses from Stalin's times, with arches, decorations and other niceties, and right behind them are hidden three-story brick semi-barracks.
As you can see, the plates and structures of the “nakhalstroy” (as these same outbuildings are called here) have not yet been touched. The spirit of the old city still lives here.
Although, after walking a little through the neighborhood, here it seemed that we were dealing with a demolished extension.
Duty cramp for Mr. Sponges
This is how they live, take off their shoes on the street and even some cook food on the street: in many places you can see gas stoves or tagans
The local “protocol” houses look neat and well-groomed
The second fountain, located in the center of the roundabout at 2060 Svobody Street (I don’t know its old name).
The same friend wrote to me that there used to be a large beautiful fountain in this place, but it was different! I even sent a photo to one of the posts in the comments, but I can’t find anything. Today, in the center of the fountain there are two boys holding two saucers in their hands.
Street 2060, nicknamed like almost everything else in the city, has a four-digit number on the orders of Saparmurat Niyazov Turkmenbashi himself. In the distance you can see the teardrop building of the Yildiz Hotel, and the tower cranes erecting the new white marble Ashgabat.
There are several other notable objects at this intersection: little seventh bazaar, which for some reason I was embarrassed to take a photo of, confectionery "Altyn Achar" (golden key), which always pleases with very good cakes and delicious coffee, and the main object - building of the Russian Drama Theater named after Pushkin. I somehow took pictures of the latter before, but for some reason I couldn’t find any photos right off the bat, and this time I just limited myself to a couple of pictures of the bust of Alexander Sergeevich.
Decorative elements on the theater building
Immediately behind the theater begins the territory of the so-called Second Park. I've been here before, but somehow I never went deeper.
But in vain! The second park also turned out to have attractions, moreover, typical Soviet ones, the ones that I constantly see in various cities of the former Soviet Union! I had exactly the same ones in my native Svetlogorsk, and once again I had to remember the names from my childhood: "Fun slides", "Bell", "Jung's boy", "Boats"...
Bell
I don’t remember such carousels in Svetly, but they suggest that this is “Veterok”
But there were “Boats”, yes
"Cabin boy". To be honest, I never understood the joke of this attraction
There is a lot of shade in the park and at 11 am it is still quite cool here. Of the visitors, we can only mention grandparents and grandchildren, and even those are very few.
At the central entrance to the park there is a fountain, which, by the way, does not turn off even in the winter - I published a photo of it a long time ago, with completely frozen water
In the extreme part of the Second Park there is "Toi mekany"- essentially a house of celebrations. Already in the evening of the same day I watched how a wedding was celebrated here
An old statue of a peasant woman was also found in the park.
Given the specifics of the region, a peasant woman holds a full basket of grapes in her hands
More Stalinists for Freedom. This is just before the circus
I remember for the first time, in 2014, such front doors in the entrances of residential buildings amused me a lot, but now I’m used to it and take it for granted))
A little further along Svoboda we found cafe-restaurant "Altyn Asyr" (golden age), where I was advised to go to compensate for the loss of my favorite food outlet “Arzuv” near school No. 15. There is still a barbecue here, but it hasn’t been removed. Moreover, the “advisers” swore that the best kebab in Ashgabat is being prepared in Altyn Asyr, which I couldn’t help but check in the evening. I checked. I agree 100% - here I ate the most delicious lamb and I hope to taste it again))
In general, that's all I have for today. The Freedom Walk is over