Effective treatment of herpes in adults and children. The cure for herpes - the most effective and new injections, ointments, tablets with descriptions and prices
![Effective treatment of herpes in adults and children. The cure for herpes - the most effective and new injections, ointments, tablets with descriptions and prices](https://i0.wp.com/vyboroved.ru/images/moda-i-stil/luchshie-sredstva-ot-gerpesa/Aciklovir.jpg)
Almost a third of the world's population is affected by a herpes infection, and 50% of them experience relapses of the disease every year, since there is no immunity against this viral infection. Scientific data show that by the age of 5, infection with the herpes virus reaches 60%, and by the age of 15 - almost 90%. Most people are lifelong virus carriers. The vast majority of outcomes of primary infection (85-99%) are asymptomatic (latent) infections, due to which patients do not receive timely medical assistance in order to prevent the formation of a chronic relapsing form of the disease. At the same time, there is evidence of the formation of an already chronic herpes infection in the majority of people with a primary visit to the doctor about herpes simplex.
Herpes simplex virus (Herpessimplex) belongs to the group of herpetic DNA-containing viruses. There are HSV type 1 (H. labialis), which affects the mucous membrane of the eyes, mouth, red border of the lips, skin and mucous membranes of the wings of the nose, skin of the face, etc., as well as HSV type 2 (H. genitalis), which affects the mucous membranes and skin of the genitals. A recurrent form of herpetic infection caused by HSV is formed in 15-25% of those infected. The recurrent form of GI is exhibited with repeated symptoms of the disease during the year. Often the relapsing form is established when the frequency of relapses during the year is more than 6-10 with characteristic symptoms of the disease.
Features of a herpetic infection caused by HSV:
1) Lifelong persistence of HSV in the body of the infected, which indicates the absence of the formation of sterile immunity (that is, antibodies are present, but the pathogen does not leave the body). HSV, even with a latent infection, is present in the body intracellularly.
2) The effect of HSV on the immunity of the sick person (the formation of secondary immunodeficiency), which does not appear immediately. Over the years, a person's resistance to common colds and skin pathogens decreases.
3) Oncogenicity of HSV. Herpes simplex virus type 2 (genital) has been associated with cases of cervical cancer.
4) Teratogenicity and influence on the course of pregnancy. Herpes simplex, in particular genital, plays a predominant role in the etiology of spontaneous abortions and premature births, in violation of embryogenesis and organogenesis, and in congenital pathology of newborns.
5) The tendency to form a chronic form of the disease in almost all patients.
The chronic form of herpes simplex is dangerous for its relapses (exacerbations), which significantly affect the patient's quality of life.
Manifestations of HSV
Features of the formation of the immune response in herpetic infection caused by HSV.
It is the "special relationship" of the herpes simplex virus and the human body that is the basis for the formation of antiviral immunity, and the reason for the lack of complete elimination of the virus from the body, and contributes to serious violations of human immunity. When HSV enters the body, several “steps” or phases of immune defense begin to work.
Scheme of the immune response in herpes
1) Early immune response phase- the so-called primary innate defense - cells of the monocyte-macrophage link, dendritic cells, natural killers (a group of lymphocytes, the surface of which is covered with anti-herpetic antibodies IgM, G and configured to destroy freely circulating virus virions), the complement system. This phase begins to work from the first days of the body's encounter with the virus. The result is a massive migration of inflammatory cells to the focus, the synthesis of a- and b-interferons, which contributes to the formation of resistance to the virus of target cells, and also, as a result, the destruction of already infected cells.
Scheme of work of interferons
2) Late defense phase follows the first phase and is characterized by the presentation of the virus itself by macrophage cells to T- and B-lymphocytes, which as a result are transformed into antibody-forming plasma cells. By means of antibodies, the virus, which is extracellular, binds. In the same phase, pro-inflammatory mediators (interleukins 1 and 2, tumor necrosis factor, and others) are synthesized by macrophages and lymphocytes, which completes the inflammatory reaction.
A type-specific immune response is formed 14-28 days after the initial encounter with HSV, regardless of the form of the disease (with typical manifestations or asymptomatic). Reactivation of a chronic infection inevitably leads to a re-release of the antigen into the blood, which leads to a multicomponent immune response, that is, the re-production of antibodies.
The result of immune disorders in the often recurrent form of chronic herpetic infection is a decrease in the total number of T- and B-lymphocytes, a decrease in their functional activity, changes in the interferon system, macrophage cellular link.
Treatment of a frequently recurring form of herpes infection caused by HSV.
Treatment of patients with chronic herpetic infection is a rather difficult task due to the ability to lifelong persistence and a significant decrease in the patient's immune defense as a result. One of the most frequent questions of patients: "Doctor, is it possible to completely get rid of the herpes simplex virus?" - remains unanswered. The main goal and the expected outcome of therapeutic measures is to achieve a stage of long-term remission, that is, to reduce the frequency of herpes recurrence during the year to a minimum and lengthen the period of "relapse-free" calmness. Moreover, the patient must understand that the virus does not leave the body, but goes into a “sleeping” intracellular state.
Basic principles for the treatment of a frequently recurrent form of herpetic infection [Moscow City Anti-Herpetic Center]:
1) Stopping a relapse (activation of a chronic infection)- antiviral and immunomodulatory therapy in short courses, taking into account the data of the immunogram and the level of interferons in the body (interferon status) with local treatment. The course is 5-10 days.
2) Anti-relapse therapy- the use of a herpes vaccine, prolonged regimens of antiviral drugs and long-term regimens of immunomodulators. The course is 30-60-90 or more days.
3) Supportive care during follow-up(adaptogens, revaccination of the herpes vaccine and other methods).
The success of treatment largely depends on an integrated approach to therapy, the combination of immunomodulators with different mechanisms of action and the effective use of specific treatment.
The treatment of herpes infection consists of several interrelated areas.
The first one is etiotropic or antiviral therapy, which is administered orally and locally directly during the period of clinical manifestations of herpes. The goal of antiviral therapy is the actual virusostatic effect (impaired viral DNA synthesis, disruption of the assembly of viral particles, inhibition of virus reproduction and, ultimately, disruption of the interaction between human cells and herpes simplex virus). The drugs of choice for oral administration are acyclovir (zovirax, acyclovir-acry), valaciclovir (valtrex, valvir, valzikon, virdel), famciclovir (famvir).
There are several reception schemes:
1) a short scheme for 5-10 days of primary manifestations or activation of a chronic infection; doses of acyclovir 1000-1200 mg / day for 5-3 doses, Valtrex 1000 mg / day in 2 doses, famvir 500 mg / day in 2 doses;
2) prolonged (suppressive) regimen of daily intake in courses of several (6-12) months; dosages of acyclovir 800 mg/day, valtrex 500-1000 mg/day, famvir 500 mg/day. A prolonged regimen is preferred for patients with frequent relapses more than 6-9 times a year with an efficiency of up to 80%.
For local therapy, the following are used: 3-5-7.5% creams, ointments and gels acyclovir, zovirax, panavir, herpferon, virosept, penciclovir, 1% fenistilpencivir, 2-4% tebrofen, virumerz, viferon, epigenlabial, panthenol spray, infagel , 5% ivikvimod and others. Local therapy is applied from the first symptoms of the disease, and for the prevention of relapses within 1 month after the symptoms disappear. The use of local hormonal therapy is not recommended due to the possibility of the formation of a protracted recurrent process. If symptoms of ophthalmoherpes occur (herpetic keratitis and keratoconjunctivitis), eye drops are used: lokferon, ophthalmoferon, interlock, reaferon in the form of a drop, others.
The second direction in the treatment of the herpetic form, and in particular its often recurrent form, is immunotherapy. The goal of immunotherapy is to correct various kinds of disorders of specific and non-specific parts of human immunity and, as the expected result, to reduce relapses to a minimum and increase the duration of quiet interrecurrent remission.
Any means of immunotherapy should be selected and prescribed by a doctor, drugs have side effects and contraindications!
Herpes immunotherapy can be carried out in the form of 2 forms: nonspecific and specific.
1. Nonspecific immunotherapy is widely targeted and used for many diseases, including the herpes simplex virus. Includes immunoglobulins, interferons and endogenous interferon inducers, as well as drugs that stimulate cellular and humoral immunity (the process of phagocytosis, T- and B-cell immunity).
1.1 Immunoglobulins are prescribed both for a substitution purpose due to the content of antibodies in them, as well as for a direct immunomodulatory purpose (improvement of phagocytosis processes, the ability to change the production of interleukins, activate subpopulations of T-lymphocytes, and others). With recurrent herpes, normal human immunoglobulin containing antibodies to herpesvirus can be prescribed. The drug is administered intramuscularly in a single dose of 0.15-0.2 ml per 1 kg of human body weight 1 time per day after 2-3 days. The course of treatment is 4-5 injections.
In more severe cases of herpetic infection (lesion of the central nervous system and internal organs, as well as with severe immunodeficiency), replacement therapy is carried out with intravenous forms of immunoglobulins with a high content of anti-herpetic antibodies (sandoglobulin, Switzerland) or intravenous immunoglobulin solution of domestic production.
1.2 Interferons referred to as factors of natural immunity. Synthesis of interferons occurs
in any organism in response to the entry of viruses, bacteria and other pathogens into it. Interferons are factors of nonspecific defense of the body, combine antiviral, antiproliferative, immunomodulatory effects, in particular, their properties have been proven to stimulate phagocytosis, increase the activity of natural killers, and thereby directly participate in the elimination of the pathogen. Three types of interferons have been identified: α - interferon (leukocyte), β - interferon (fibroblast), γ - interferon (immune, synthesized by T-lymphocytes). γ-interferon has the lowest antiviral protection, but high immunomodulatory properties.
In chronic recurrent herpetic infection, α-interferons (viferon, kipferon), as well as γ-interferon (ingaron) are mainly used.
Viferon - refers to α-2b-interferons, contains antioxidants, is known in 4 doses in the form of rectal suppositories. Viferon 1 (150 thousand IU), viferon 2 (500 thousand IU), viferon 3 (1000,000 IU), viferon 4 (3000,000 IU). Viferon increases the level of secretory IgA, normalizes the level of IgE, has an immunomodulatory effect on T- and B-lymphocytes, and also restores the impaired function of the production of endogenous α-2b interferon. This is a replacement therapy drug, that is, ready-made α-2b-interferon is delivered to the tissues; therefore, with its prolonged use (more than 2 weeks), the production of its own endogenous interferon begins to slow down. This should be taken into account when prescribing long-term courses of the drug for recurrent herpes infection, namely, the drug should be discontinued gradually. In case of recurrent herpeseviferon, it is recommended to prescribe during the prodromal period (before the expected clinical manifestations) or in the first hours and days after the first symptoms of recurrence of infection (burning, itching, redness, the appearance of vesicles - characteristic herpetic elements).
Adults are prescribed Viferon-3 (1 million IU) 1 suppository rectally 2 times a day every 12 hours every day for 10 days, followed by maintenance therapy to prevent subsequent relapses. For this purpose, the drug is prescribed 1 suppository 2 times a day, 2 times a week for 10 days (that is, for 5 weeks). Next, preventive interferon-stabilizing courses are prescribed: Viferon-2 (500 thousand IU) 1 suppository 2 times a day, every day for 5 days every month (that is, after 4 weeks) with a general course of up to a year from the start of therapy.
There is a "light" scheme for patients with recurrent herpes course of 12 weeks: Viferon-3 1 suppository 3 times a day after 8 hours - 1 week; then 1 suppository 2 times a day after 12 hours for 1 week; then 1 suppository 1 time per day daily for 2 weeks; then Viferon-2 1 suppository 1 time per day 3 times a week every other day for 2 weeks; then 1 suppository 1 time per day 2 times a week for 3 weeks; then 1 suppository 1 time per day 1 time per week for 3 weeks. Total - course admission for 3 months [R.K. Galeeva, KSMA, Kazan].
Kipferon is a combination of α-2 interferon and CIP (a complex immunoglobulin preparation containing immunoglobulins A, G, M) at a dosage of 500 thousand IU + 60 mg of the corresponding components. It has an immunomodulatory effect on the cellular and humoral parts of the immune system. It exists in the form of suppositories used both intravaginally and rectally (depending on the disease and its severity). Adults are prescribed 1-2 million IU (2-4 suppositories) per day, taking 1-2 suppositories 2 times a day after 12 hours for 10-14 days daily. Perhaps the appointment of repeated courses.
Ingaron - refers to γ-interferons. It occurs in 4 doses - 100 thousand IU, 500 thousand IU, 1 million IU, 2 million IU and is prescribed parenterally and the period of activation of chronic infection. The main difference between the action of ingaron is a significant increase in the presentation of herpes-infected cells and their recognition by T-lymphocytes, respectively, as well as blocking the replication of herpes simplex virus DNA and the assembly of viral particles. It is prescribed for 500 thousand IU subcutaneously every other day with a course of 5 injections.
1.3 Inducers of endogenous interferon- already from the name it is clear that the main effect of the drugs is the stimulation of the production of the human body's own interferon, which is necessary to fight the herpes virus in particular.
Amiksin (analogous to Lavomax)- an inductor in the body of all types of interferons - α, β, γ. The peculiarity of the drug is the long-term circulation of the therapeutic concentration in the blood (up to 8 weeks). In addition to the induction of interferons, amixin increases the formation of specific antibodies (IgM, IgG), normalizes the ratio of helper cells (T-helpers) to T-suppressors, and has a direct antiviral effect. Interferon is produced sequentially first in the intestines, then in the liver and in the FEC (blood cells), and a high level of interferons in the blood is achieved within 24 hours after taking amixin. Scheme: 1-2 tablets (125-250 mg) in the first 2 days of therapy, then every other day 1 tablet for up to 4 weeks (course dose 10-20 tablets). Further maintenance therapy 125 mg (1 tab) once a week for 2 months,
Cycloferon is an inducer of predominantly early α-interferon in tissues and organs. Activates macrophages, T- and B-lymphocytes, restores the ratio of T-helpers / T-suppressors. Against the background of taking cycloferon, a high level of endogenous interferon is maintained for 3 days. In addition to the immunomodulatory action, its antiviral activity is expressed: in the early stages it affects the reproduction of the virus, reduces the virulence of "daughter viruses", thereby forming defective viral particles that are eliminated. In case of herpetic infection, the drug is taken once a day for adults and children over 12 years old, 450-600 mg (3-4 tablets) according to the scheme: for the 1st, 2nd, 4,6,8,11,14,17,20,23 days. The course dose of the drug is 40 tablets. Treatment begins with the first symptoms of the disease. With a recurrent form, the course can be repeated after 3-6 months. Parenteral administration: 250 mg (1 ampoule of 2 ml) 1 time per day according to the "basic scheme" 10 injections: on the 1st, 2nd, 4, 6, 8,11,14, 17,10, 23 days. With a frequently relapsing form, you can continue the introduction of 1 time in 3 days for 4 weeks.
Neovir - as well as cycloferon stimulates the production of endogenous α-interferon, and it is also called the "superinducer" of interferons, since it leads to the synthesis of high concentrations of endogenous interferon-alpha. Normalizes the balance between CD4\CD8 lymphocytes, activates the monocyte-macrophage defense system. It is used intramuscularly during the activation of the infection 250-500 mg (1-2 ml) 1 time per day after 24 hours in the amount of 3 injections, then 3 more injections at the same dose and multiplicity after 48 hours. A single dose can also be calculated at the rate of 4-6 mg/kg of the patient's body weight. The general course is 5-7 injections. In the interrecurrent period, maintenance therapy is indicated to consolidate the therapeutic effect: 250 mg (1 injection) 1 time per week for 1 month. With a frequently relapsing form of the disease, such maintenance courses can be repeated several times with an interval of 4-5 weeks.
Plant inducers of endogenous interferon:
Panavir - a purified extract of the shoots of the Solanum tuberosum plant - is a natural immunomodulator with antiviral action. Promotes the production of endogenous α- and γ-interferons. Available in 4 forms (injections, ointment, rectal and vaginal suppositories) of 200 mcg. When a chronic infection is activated, 200 mcg (1 ampoule or vial) is prescribed intravenously by stream slowly once a day after 48-24 hours with a course of 2 injections, with a frequently relapsing form, such a course can be repeated after 4 weeks. You can also use suppositories: rectally 1 suppository 1 time per day after 48-24 hours in a course of 2 days, intravaginally 1 suppository 1 time per day daily for 5 days.
Ridostin is a drug based on the RNA of the yeast Sacchromyces cerevisiae. The drug stimulates the production of interferon, activates the process of phagocytosis, natural killers and others. The drug is administered at 8 mg (1 ampoules) intramuscularly 1 time in 3 days in a course of 3 injections. To prevent relapses, 4 injections are administered with an interval of 2 days, then the courses can be repeated after 2-3 months.
Alpizarin is a herbal preparation with a combined antiviral and immunomodulatory effect: stimulation of the production of γ-interferon, phagocytosis activity, the process of antibody formation. It is prescribed 100-200 mg (1-2 tablets) 3-4 times a day for 5 to 14 days, followed by relapse prevention: repetition of a 10-14 day course 1 month after the end of the main one.
1.4 Drugs that stimulate phagocytosis, as well as T- and B-cell immunity(preparations are indicated after a thorough examination of the immune system - immunograms).
a) endogenous origin
Taktivin (Timalin) are an extract of the thymus of cattle, is prescribed for a significant violation of the T-cell link of human immunity, that is, a significant immunodeficiency. They normalize the quantitative composition of immunity cells - T- and B-lymphocytes, activate cellular immunity, phagocytosis processes. If we talk about herpes infection, then the drug can be recommended for recurrent ophthalmic herpes. Taktivin is administered at a dose of 1 μg/m2/day subcutaneously once a day for 14 days (7 injections every other day). Courses can be repeated no earlier than in 4-6 months. Prevention of subsequent relapses is as follows: in the expected period of relapse, a course is carried out, consisting of 5 injections every other day at a dose of 25-50 mcg with an interval of 3-6 months.
Immunofan is a preparation containing amino acid residues of thymopoietin. The drug activates the antioxidant system of the body, activates the processes of phagocytosis, restores the links of cellular and humoral immunity, enhances and accelerates the processes of antibody formation. It is prescribed in 2 forms: intramuscularly or subcutaneously, 1 ml (50 mcg) 1 time per day, daily for 15-20 days. With a frequently relapsing form, the course can be repeated no earlier than after 4 weeks.
b) Exogenous origin (plant and animal immunomodulators)
Lycopid (glucosaminylmuramyl dipeptide)- tablet form 1 and 10 mg. The drug enhances the activity of phagocytosis cells, the proliferative activity of B- and T-lymphocytes, activates and accelerates the formation of specific antibodies. In chronic recurrent herpes, 1 tablet (10 mg) is prescribed orally 1-2 times a day for 6 days during the activation of the infection. In case of herpetic stomatitis, licopid is prescribed 1 tablet (1 mg) 1 time per day sublingually (under the tongue) for 10 days with a mild course. With a recurrent form of stomatitis, 1 tablet (10 mg) 1 time per day under the tongue for 10 days.
Derinat is an immunomodulator of animal origin. It affects the processes of cellular and humoral immunity, in particular, stimulates B- and T-lymphocytes, cells of the monocyte-macrophage link, activates natural killer cells, respectively, and accelerates the elimination of the pathogen, stimulates regenerative processes. It is used intramuscularly 5 ml (75 mg) 1 time / day according to the scheme: 5 injections after 24 hours, then 5 injections after 72 hours.
c) Synthetic immunomodulators:
Polyoxidonium is a domestically produced immunomodulator that promotes the activation of phagocytosis processes, natural killers, and also stimulates antibody formation processes.
With a frequently relapsing form of chronic herpetic infection, there is
1) short polyoxidonium regimen: 6 mg IM every other day for 5 injections or for 10 days and
2) prolonged regimen for 45 days: 6 mg IM daily for 5 days, then 6 mg IM every other day 5 injections for 10 days, then 6 mg IM 2 times a week for 1 month.
Both the short and the beginning of the prolonged regimen are quite effective in the complex therapy for relapse relief, but it is the prolonged regimen that significantly reduces the duration of the relapse period, and also reduces the frequency of their occurrence in the long-term period. The vast majority of patients on the prolonged regimen noted a prolongation of the remission period [A.E. Shulzhenko, I.N. Zuykova, Institute of Immunology VMBA, Moscow].
Isoprinosine is a modern immunomodulator with a nonspecific antiviral effect. It normalizes the functional activity of lymphocytes of different classes, increases monocyte-macrophage activity, stimulates the activity of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, natural killers, normalizes the ratio of T-helpers / T-suppressors, stimulates the production of immunoglobulins, endogenous interferon, cytokines. It is prescribed at a dose of 6-8 tablets / day, 500 mg each (3-4 g / day) in 3-4 oral doses for 5-10 days, then in the interrecurrent period, 1 tab (500 mg) 2 times a day within 30 days.
Immunomax - affects humoral and cellular immunity. Activates the process of phagocytosis, natural killers, promotes the production of cytokines, stimulates the production of antibodies. It is prescribed for 100-200 units intramuscularly 1 time per day according to the scheme on days 1, 2, 3, 8, 9, 10 with a course of 6 injections.
Tamerite is a synthetic immunomodulator with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The drug improves the functional activity of cells of the monocyte-macrophage link, prevents hyperproduction of pro-inflammatory mediators (TNF, IL and others), activates neutrophils, stimulates reparative processes. It is prescribed 100 mg (1 bottle) 1 time per day for 5-10 days, followed by a transition to maintenance therapy of 100 mg 1 time in 3 days with a course of up to 15-30 injections intramuscularly.
Galavit is a drug with an action similar to tamerite, often used in gynecological practice in the form of intramuscular injections and rectal suppositories. In chronic recurrent herpes, 100 mg is prescribed daily 1 time per day for 5 days, followed by a transition to injections of 100 mg 1 time per day every other day in the amount of 15 injections. Another Galavit scheme involves the appointment of rectal suppositories: 1 suppository at night for 5 days daily, then 1 suppository at night every other day with a number of 15 injections.
2. specific immunotherapy.
Specific immunotherapy is designed to directly stimulate specific immune responses directed against the herpes simplex virus, that is, the activation of all parts of the body's antiviral specific defense. Such therapy is prescribed not earlier than at the end of the primary course of relief of an exacerbation of a chronic disease, and preferably after its completion. As specific means are used: an antiherpetic vaccine and a fairly new method of therapy with dendritic cells.
2.1Herpetic vaccine
Herpes therapy with a recombinant polyvalent herpes vaccine is carried out only during the period of remission and not earlier than 5 days after the acute manifestations of herpes subside. The vaccine contains formalin-killed herpes simplex virus of both types, stimulates cellular mechanisms of resistance or body resistance to herpes simplex viruses types 1 and 2. A single dose of 0.2 ml, which is injected intradermally into the region of the inner surface of the forearm. A course of 5 injections is carried out after 7 days, and with a frequently relapsing form after 10 days. Revaccination (5 injections of a repeated course) is carried out for patients suffering from a frequently relapsing form of herpes with a regularity of 1 time in 6-8 months, and between vaccine courses supplement therapy with non-specific immunotherapy. The last clinical use of the vaccine allows us to speak about a rapid onset of recovery, a reduction in the duration of subsequent relapses, and a prolongation of the remission period, but does not allow us to speak unequivocally about the prevention of relapses of the disease. In this regard, the search for alternative methods of specific therapy continues.
2.2 Vaccination method using generated DC (dendritic cells)[patent RU 2514034
on the basis of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center" of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences].
Dentritic cells (DC) are the main antigen-presenting cells for T-lymphocytes of the human immune system, which are of bone marrow origin. It is these cells that play the primary role in launching targeted immunological responses in response to the ingress of a pathogen (virus). DCs are able to capture various antigens through phagocytosis and express them on their surface.
The purpose of the method is to reduce the frequency of relapses by 3 times compared with the initial state and lengthen the remission period in the often recurrent form of herpes.
The objective of this method of therapy: the development of a new effective method of vaccination of herpes infection, carried out both in the acute period of the disease and in remission.
The method of therapy is as follows: monocytes are isolated from the patient's blood, from which, in the presence of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor - GM-CSF-, antigen-presenting as yet "immature" DCs are obtained; DCs are “loaded” with a suspension of vaccine antigens of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, and under the influence of special inducers of differentiation, DCs become “mature”, all these processes generally take 6-7 days. This suspension of DC (the so-called IL4-DC) is subjected to cryopreservation. The resulting specific vaccine is administered to the patient.
Scheme of administration: the vaccine is administered intradermally at 4-6 different points along the lymphatic collectors (outer surface of the shoulder, umbilical region, inguinal region, scapular region), the course consists of 3-4 injections, the dose gradually increases from 1-2 * 106 DC to 8 * 106 DC (the second injection requires an increase in the dose by 2 times, with the 3rd injection - by 4 times). The interval between administration is from 2 to 4 weeks.
A fundamentally new method of therapy was developed at the FGBU "NIIKI" of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences.
2.3 Immunotherapy with dendritic cells generated from patient's monocytesinterferon-α["Method of immunotherapy for chronic often recurrent herpes virus infection" patent RU 2485962 on the basis of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "Research Institute of Clinical Immunology" of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences (FGBU "NIIKI" SB RAMS)]
Purpose: treatment of chronic often relapsing form of GI, in which there is always a decrease in the number of antigen-presenting DCs, as well as a violation of their functional activity.
Objectives: a significant reduction in the number of relapses to a minimum, as well as the severity of clinical manifestations during a possible activation of the infection, and as a result of the formation of a stable remission-free period in chronic herpes infection.
The need for this method: the use of GM-CSF in combination with IL-4 for DC generation is not exhaustive in this problem, since IL4-DC have a high ability to capture antigen, but low stimulatory activity for T-lymphocytes; Also, the obtained IL4-DCs have a low migration ability and are quickly transformed back into monocytes, resulting in the possibility of losing specific antigen-presenting properties. For this reason, a new technique for DC generation has been developed.
Brief essence of the method: the creation of an alternative method of DC generation, in which IL-4 is replaced by interferon-α (IFN-DC), then IFN-DC are "loaded" with recombinant herpes simplex virus antigens. The received DC at a dose of 5*106 is subjected to cryopreservation. IFN-DCs are able to generate much faster, a high ability to capture antigen has been proven, they are quite stable, have high migratory activity, induce adequate cellular and humoral immunity, and have direct cytotoxic activity.
The indication for the method is a frequently relapsing form of GI with a recurrence rate of 6 or more per year, resistant to standard methods of treatment (antiviral, immunomodulators).
Treatment regimen: 2 courses of DC-vaccinations "inductor" and "supportive" are carried out. The "inductor" course includes 4-6 subcutaneous injections in the upper third of the shoulder at a dose of 5 * 106 DC with an interval of 2 weeks. 3 months after completion, a "maintenance" course is carried out: 3-6 subcutaneous injections at a dose of 5 * 106 DC with an interval of 1 month. In parallel, interleukin-2 is prescribed as an adjuvant (roncoleukin) at 0.25 mg subcutaneously (this is necessary to enhance the T-cell immune response).
Summarizing all of the above, we can talk about the variety of drugs and methods of treatment of chronic herpetic infection. Treatment regimens are selected strictly individually, appointed by the attending doctor, taking into account the basic principles of herpes therapy. An example of a treatment regimen for a frequently relapsing form of herpes infection (Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education) is the following:
1) relief of exacerbation (antiviral drug and immunomodulator - for example, an interferon inducer, local therapy for a course of 5-10 days);
2) anti-relapse therapy (vaccination, treatment with dendritic cells and in the intervals between courses);
3) maintenance therapy (continuation of the immunomodulator with long courses, preferably the same as in the first stage).
Infectious disease specialist Bykova N.I.
Based on statistics, a lot of people are asking questions about herpes and how to treat it, which is not at all surprising, because today it is the most common virus in humans. During cold weather, every fifth manifestation on the lips in the form of small redness can be observed. Many people encounter this problem in the form of redness and small sores on the genitals, on the mucous membranes. In all cases, it itches quite strongly and hurts.
Click on the button to go to the list of drugs for herpes!
To date, there are a huge number of really effective drugs, of course, many are based on the same active ingredients, but there are also those whose action differs in the bud, however, both of them help to cope with the disease. We have collected for you the main drugs that exist today, now there is no need to dig for hours on the Internet, you can find out everything from one source.
How anti-herpetic pills work
Herpes pills are a whole group of drugs that are used to treat an ailment in its various localizations. To date, there are a lot of them on the pharmacological market, although it is fair to say that not a single modern remedy is able to completely destroy this virus - this is due to the fact that the pathogen lives inside nerve cells. Therefore, the tablets used help relieve symptoms, reduce the duration of its active phase, and also prevent the occurrence of relapses. Drugs increase the body's resistance, especially if they have an additional parameter - immunomodulatory properties.
Taking pills works like this:
- getting into the stomach, they dissolve, and the active ingredient is quickly released, penetrating into the general bloodstream;
- then the agent penetrates into the affected cells, where it blocks the replication of the virus, that is, it disrupts its ability to multiply and spread to other cells.
This group of drugs has a rather large list of possible side effects, so they are taken only as directed by a doctor.
Types of pills against the herpes virus on the lips and body
The main group of drugs against herpes, which has proven efficacy, is relatively small, it includes four nucleosides similar in their action - acyclovir, penciclovir, valaciclovir and famciclovir. The bulk of medicines of all forms has one of the listed substances as an active ingredient. At the same time, the latter for the component are inactive, that is, they are activated only when they penetrate the digestive tract, where they are transformed into an active form: valaciclovir - into acyclovir, and famciclovir - into penciclovir. All of them block DNA synthesis in a multiplying virus, but they do not affect an inactive pathogen.
Depending on the characteristics of the composition, herpes tablets can be classified not only by the active substance, but also by properties. So, such drugs can be used:
- the agent can be positioned as a narrowly targeted antiherpetic (these are Acyclovir, Zovirax, Valtrex);
- a remedy for herpes with an immunomodulatory effect (Anaferon, Galavit, etc.);
- interferon preparations can also be used, however, their ability to suppress the activity of the herpes virus in some experts raises serious doubts (Reaferon);
- tablets that stimulate the patient's own production of interferon. This action allows you to enhance the intensity of the body's immune response to the development of a herpetic pathogen (Arbidol, Lavomax, Cycloferon).
What is important to know about herpes, its manifestations and modern methods of treatment ...
Overview of effective drugs
Preparations to combat the problem under consideration are diverse, although their groups can be distinguished by the active component, since this component is repeated for many. However, each remedy manifests itself as an effective drug, therefore, it deserves special attention when choosing the most relevant one in a particular situation. Therefore, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with the list of the most effective pharmacological products used in the treatment of herpes.
Antiviral drug Valtrex
An antiviral agent based on valaciclovir hydrochloride is sold in the form of tablets with an active substance concentration of 500 mg each. This drug is used to treat lesions of the skin and mucous membranes, including the genital and labial forms of herpes. After taking the tablets, the active ingredient is quickly absorbed from the digestive tract, and excreted from the body in 6 hours. A big plus of the product is a limited number of contraindications: hypersensitivity to the components and caution in use in severe forms of the human immunodeficiency virus.
Famciclovir latest generation
The drug is available in tablet form and has a substance with the same name as the active ingredient. It is offered to patients in various dosages - 125, 250 and 500 mg. After ingestion, the component is transformed into penciclovir, which has a severity relative to herpes simplex viruses of the first and second types, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr and shingles, against which it is used. I take the tablets inside, regardless of the meal, just drinking clean water. The specific dosage is prescribed by the doctor, as it depends on the patient's condition and his immune status.
Zovirax medicine for the treatment of herpes
The tool is available in a large number of various pharmacological forms: capsules, tablets, suspension, injection, cream, ointment and eye ointment separately, thus, it can be used both for external application and for oral administration. The main component of all forms is the substance acyclovir. Area of action of the drug: herpes zoster, simple and genital herpes, both primary and severe and recurrent. With the help of this product, prevention of the development of infection in patients with impaired immune plan is often carried out.
The effect of this component on the herpes virus is due to a substance called valaciclovir. It is offered to patients in different dosages in the form of coated tablets. The tool is used as a tool for the treatment of herpes, lichen, and also as a prophylactic product to prevent the development of herpes and cytomegalovirus. Depending on the situation faced by the person, a certain dosage is prescribed. So, with herpes simplex, it will be enough to take one tablet (500 mg each) twice a day for 5 days.
Tablets Acyclovir
The drug in question has in its composition the active substance of the same name, which ensures its action. Acyclovir has a standard list of antiviral activity: herpes of the first and second types, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr and lichen. The scheme of influence on cells is also standard - suppression of DNA replication of the viral element. The reception scheme is determined by the existing problem. So, with herpes simplex, 200 mg (this is one tablet) is prescribed 5 times a day, while prevention involves taking 3 tablets a day for one week. The manufacturer indicates that the best results will be achieved if therapy is started at the first symptoms of a problem.
This tool is an analogue of the previously discussed drug Famciclovir and has the same active ingredient, as well as similar dosages. After penetration into the body, the components of the composition of the agent are transformed and attack the affected cells, suppressing the replication of the DNA of the virus in them. Dosages and duration of the course are determined on an individual basis, but there are general recommendations. So, for example, with a normal level of immunity and taking 1500 mg of the drug at a time or by dividing the dose into two doses, you can get rid of the manifestations of labial herpes (what is formed on the lips).
Anaferon is a very popular drug today, as it combines antiviral, immunostimulating, immunomodulatory effects, as well as good compatibility with other medicinal products. Use it for the treatment of all types of herpetic virus. When the problem is activated, take 8 tablets per day for the first three days, and after about two more weeks, 4 tablets per day. Prevention of relapses involves the use of only one tablet per day, but for 6 months.
Antiviral tablets produced in 10 and 20 pieces with a dosage of 200 and 400 mg under the names Acyclovir, Acyclovir Akri, Zovirax, Cyclovir, Vivorax and others. Estimated price for the drug 200 mg - 35-60 rubles, 400 mg - 150-200 rubles.
It is used against herpes virus types 1 and 2 for 5-10 days at a standard dosage (800-1000 mg/day) and with an increase in dose for Zoster infections (2000 mg/day) and Epstein-Barr.
Tablets should be taken after meals with plenty of water to drink.
The main advantages of Acyclovir:
- This is the only drug from this group of drugs, the tablets of which can be prescribed to pregnant women and children.
- The most common and well-known - its effectiveness was confirmed for many years before the development of other means.
- Classical Acyclovir (with the exception of those produced by individual companies) is the cheapest and most affordable drug of all antiherpetic drugs.
The disadvantages of these tablets include only low efficiency in herpes types 7 and 8 and a weak effect on the Epstein-Barr virus. Other drugs are prescribed for the treatment of these diseases.
Valaciclovir (Valtrex)
Valtrex tablets consist of 500 mg of Valacyclovir, another form of Acyclovir that is better absorbed by the body. The package may contain 10 or 42 pieces.
The drug is produced only in this form - there are no ointments, ampoules and other similar products with Valaciclovir. Indications for use are the same infections as for conventional Acyclovir: Valtrex does not differ from it in terms of properties. However, there are several advantages over the effectiveness and speed of action of the first drug:
- Valacyclovir is more convenient to take - 500 mg twice a day, regardless of the time of the meal, while Acyclovir should be taken 4-5 times daily.
- The drug is better absorbed by the body and gives faster results - up to 5 days, when Acyclovir has up to 10.
- Daily intake of 1 tablet serves as a prevention of the transmission of genital herpes to a healthy partner.
However, there are also negative differences. The price of the drug is much higher - packs of 10 tablets are distributed at 900-1300 rubles. A pack of 42 pieces can cost up to 3500 r. Pregnant women and children are usually not prescribed the drug due to the lack of clinical studies.
Famciclovir (Famvir)
Famvir tablets are available in three dosages of Famciclovir - 125, 25 and 500 mg. The package can be 7, 10, 14, 20, 21, 28, 30 and 40 pieces. In the body, the drug does not turn into Acyclovir, like Valtrex, but into Penciclovir. However, its action is aimed at combating the same herpes viruses.
The advantages of this antiviral agent:
- selective activity (does not affect healthy cells);
- suppression of herpes strains resistant to Acyclovir;
- improvement in postherpetic neuralgia (after shingles);
The disadvantage of Famvir is the high price. For the packaging of the drug, you will have to pay from 1200 to 4500 rubles, depending on the number of tablets and the brand of the manufacturer.
Famciclovir is more often prescribed for type 3 herpes and ophthalmic herpes, since it is most effective against it. Dosage in this case - 250 mg 3 times a day or 500-750 - 2 times a week or 10 days. With herpes simplex (labial or genital), it is enough to take 250 mg three times for 5 days. Relapses are treated with a dosage of 125 mg.
These tablets consist of a low-modular interferon inducer - that is, they contribute to a greater activity of the immune system. How is the drug different from the above?
- This is not a separate antiviral agent, but an immunomodulator.
- The action of Cycloferon is aimed at improving the work of the body's natural defenses so that it itself fights against a herpes infection.
- The properties of the tablets include anti-inflammatory.
- In the treatment of herpes, the drug must be taken according to a special scheme: 4 tablets per day for 2 days in a row, then 3 times every other day and, finally, 5 more times every 3 days.
- The drug can be prescribed to children from 4 years.
The drug is produced in 10 and 50 pieces per pack. Estimated cost of 10 tablets - 160-200 rubles. , 50 - 750-900 r.
It is important to remember that with thyroid diseases, taking Cycloferon can cause complications. The course of treatment in such cases should be carried out under the supervision of the attending physician.
Amiksin tablets act similarly to Cycloferon - they stimulate the immune system. However, the active substance in them is different - tilaksin. The drug is available in a dosage of 60 and 125 mg, in a package of 6, 10 or 20 pieces. On average, for 10 tablets of 60 mg you need to pay 450-600 rubles, 125 mg - 800-900 rubles.
The drug is domestically produced, very popular in Russian clinics. Effectively suppresses the activity of the herpes virus, enhances the production of antibodies to it.
The drug should be taken before meals. Treatment regimen for adults: 2 days in a row, 1 tablet of 125 mg, then another 8-18 tablets every other day. Children are prescribed only after reaching the age of 7, but Amixin is completely contraindicated for pregnant women.
Traditionally, both Cycloferon and Amiksin are prescribed in combination with antiviral tablets Acyclovir, Famciclovir and others. Combined treatment gives a much better result and reliably prevents relapses.
Other newer drugs
The following newest medications are no less effective for the treatment of recurrent forms of herpes: Reaferon, Neovir, Kagocel, Ridostin. Immunomodulators for stimulation of cellular and humoral immunity, synthesis of cytokines and activation of redox processes - Alpizarin, Galavit, Imunofan, Imunomax, Likopid.
Antiviral
These drugs act directly on the virus and its DNA, effectively removing the manifestations of the infection. They block the ability of herpes to synthesize pathogenic protein and to reproduce. But the drugs are inactive relative to the dormant form of the pathogen.
The newest drug helps when the virus has mutated and gained resistance to the action of traditional antiherpetic drugs. Foscarnet is prescribed in severe cases, with complications in immunocompromised patients.
"Foscarnet" is a drug that affects the disease at the DNA level.The strongest substance in the composition (sodium foscarnet) penetrates the infected cell and binds the DNA polymerases of the pathogen, which disrupts the viral reproduction chain. The most complete action applies to HSV types I and II, their mutated species. The drug is used to treat herpes on the lips, in the nose, on the genitals, shingles.
Available in the form of local 3% ointments and solutions for droppers. Contraindicated in pregnant women, nursing mothers, newborns, allergy sufferers, patients with renal insufficiency.
"Brivudin"
This best drug is effective against HSV type I, zoster, varicella and combinations thereof. Before the appointment, a test is carried out for the susceptibility of the flora to the main component. Produced in the form of tablets.
Advantages:
- the only contraindication is hypersensitivity to the composition;
- selectivity of action;
- assigned to children.
Available in the form of a gel for local treatment of the skin and mucous membranes. It acts directly in the focus of inflammation, creating a protective film against the penetration of a secondary infection and to block the spread of the virus. The fastest effect is achieved when used with the appearance of the first symptoms. With regular application to rashes, recovery occurs in 3-6 days.
- relieves inflammation;
- relieves swelling;
- eliminates itching and burning.
Advantages:
- selectivity for labial, genital, herpes zoster;
- minimizing the number of relapses.
"Ingavirin" fights inflammation of the skin and blocks the spread of the virus.Contraindicated in skin allergies, children under 12. For pregnant and lactating women, the gel is prescribed only after consulting a doctor.
The effectiveness of the drug is manifested:
- suppression of the ability of the virus to reproduce at the stage of the nuclear phase;
- activation of interferon synthesis;
- fighting inflammation.
It is offered in the form of encapsulated tablets in two dosages - 90 and 60 mg of the active ingredient (vitaglutam). Recommended for admission with the appearance of the first signs of illness, but better - no later than 36 hours.
Allergic reactions may occur after ingestion, which is rare. This strong remedy is contraindicated in pregnant women, children under 18 years of age, with hypersensitivity. With lactation, treatment is possible only after the cessation of breastfeeding.
Other
Second-line antiherpetic drugs - Ribavirin, Inosine pranobex, Panavir, Proteflazid, Spironolactone, Flavozid, Mangogerpin. For pregnant women and children, there is a cheap but effective remedy - Arbidol.
tvoyherpes.ru
Immunostimulants and immunomodulators
Pharmacists produce a large number of immune stimulants to force the body to defend itself. Many drugs are the latest developments of scientists and have unproven effectiveness.
Immunologists can treat herpes with the strongest stimulants that work as immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory agents.
- Pills for herpes on the body Galavit are prescribed for severe virus infection of the body. Sublingual tablets contain 25 mg of sodium aminodihydrophthalazinedione.
- Once in the body, it affects the activity of phagocytic cells and stimulates the production of endogenous interferons.
- As a result of the treatment of herpes with tablets, phagocytosis increases and the body's nonspecific resistance to infectious diseases increases.
- This medicine is prescribed for adults and children from 12 years of age. The tool is considered non-toxic and in rare cases causes an allergic reaction associated with intolerance to the components.
With herpes, Amiksin tablets are often prescribed to stimulate the body's protective functions. The active ingredient in this drug is thylaxin. Its single dose per tablet can be 60 or 125 mg. The package contains from 6 to 20 pieces. The active substance quickly suppresses the activity of the virus and promotes the production of antibodies to the causative agent of the disease. Together with Amiksin, other drugs are prescribed so that the combined treatment gives the best result and prevents relapses.
Peculiarities
New remedies for herpes can effectively eliminate the unpleasant symptoms of an illness of any severity, as well as prevent the progression and recurrence of the disease. To maximize the effect, it is recommended to use a complex of therapeutic measures with the appointment of antiviral and immunomodulatory drugs.
Constantly recurring incidents of exacerbation of herpes infection of different localization signal a strong decrease in immunity, which requires correct and timely intervention. Otherwise, serious complications cannot be avoided.
Preparations for herpes allow you to:
- in a short time to stop the development of the disease, relieve acute symptoms;
- increase the efficiency of the immune system to give strength to the body to independently suppress the virus;
- reduce or completely eliminate the risks of possible relapses;
- reduce the duration of the exacerbation phase;
- prevent the spread of the pathogen;
- lengthen the improvement stage as much as possible.
Action on the virus
Each modern drug demonstrates an integrated approach to the fight against herpes infection. They work at the level of the pathogen's DNA, destroying the protective membrane of its cells. As a result, there is a suppression of the function of division and the ability to reproduce. The loss of protective properties causes the virus to go into a latent form and not manifest itself for a long time. Due to the immunomodulatory properties, such drugs can increase the natural immunity of the human body by stimulating the production of its own antibodies to herpes, which will make it possible to turn on protection in a timely manner as the pathogen becomes more active under certain conditions.
Strong modern anti-herpes medications are available as broad-spectrum oral tablets and injection solutions, as ointments, sprays, and creams for the topical treatment of localized rashes. Each new anti-herpes remedy is endowed with certain features and advantages.
What you need to know about treatment with pills
- Use tablets for herpes on the lips should only be after consultation with the attending specialist and strictly according to the instructions in order to avoid side effects from taking them.
- Reception for herpes on the lips implies not only the treatment of this disease, but also the prevention of its recurrence.
- Common side effects of an overdose include drowsiness, nausea, and headaches.
- A very effective remedy in the later stages of herpes on the lips.
- They stop the increased reproduction of the virus, its spread to healthy cells.
- Reception does not guarantee getting rid of the virus forever.
- Remedies for herpes on the lips often do not conflict with the components of drugs used to treat other diseases.
- Unlike ointments, which act only on the surface layers of the skin, they act on the body from the inside, which enhances the therapeutic effect.
Treatment on other parts of the body
The herpes virus is found not only in the lips and genitals, it can "go" further on the body - hit the arms, legs, stomach. In the case of its massive growth, you can not do without pills. What means are most effective? Dermatologists most often prescribe Acyclovir, these pills are allowed not only for adults, but also for children from a year old.
The drug is effective against:
- herpes formations, scabs;
- itching in the affected areas;
- burning.
Analogues of Acyclovir - tablets Zovirax and Virolex. All of them are united by the same active substance, the drugs differ in the duration of the course of treatment. These medications are by far the best in their niche.
Another herpes pill, whose external signs appeared on the body, is Foscarnet. The drug is based on phosphorus, it has a toxic effect on the cells of the virus. The drug is intended for adult men and women.
What is it struggling with
Foscarnet fights not only with the visible symptoms of herpes, the medicine prevents the further development of the virus in the body. The remedy is effective against infections of types 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5. A good effect is given by antiviral drugs with immunomodulatory properties.
Their main features:
- symptoms completely disappear within 2-3 days;
- the likelihood of an early relapse is minimal;
- are prescribed for men and women of different ages, most drugs are allowed for children from 3 years old;
- fight against many signs of herpes - relieve neoplasms, itching and burning.
The most popular drugs in this group are Kagocel, Arbidol, Cycloferon and Immunal. These medicines can not only suppress the herpes infection, but also reduce the likelihood of recurrence.
All drugs should be selected by a dermatologist on the basis of a complete diagnosis, taking into account the individual characteristics of the patient. Self-medication can be hazardous to health.
How to take medicine in tablets?
The range of tablets is very large, and you have to choose according to several criteria. Drugs that include valaciclovir as an inactive form belong to the new generation of drugs and are considered safer for humans (although their cost is much more expensive). Regardless of the drug chosen, it is worth remembering only one thing - it should be taken in accordance with the recommendations given by the attending physician.
Tablets are not always prescribed, a specialist can prescribe them in such situations:
- primary infection that occurs in severe form, or cases of frequent relapses of viral activity (more often 3-4 times during the year);
- prevention of the occurrence of herpetic diseases in patients with immunodeficiencies;
- non-standard localization of herpetic eruptions.
On average, therapy lasts for 5 days, and per day the patient receives about 1000-1200 mg of the active drug component, divided into several doses. In certain situations, the dosage may be doubled. But it is worth noting that each of the drugs has its own characteristics of reception. For example, valaciclovir-based products are usually recommended at only 125 mg twice a day for 5 days. Tablets are swallowed whole, simply washed down with clean water, usually regardless of the meal.
Doses
Any herpes medicine in tablets should be taken at the doses indicated by the doctor. The specificity of the tablets lies precisely in the fact that these are drugs for the treatment of severe forms of herpes. If herpes is not so dangerous as to show it to a doctor, then you do not need to prescribe pills to yourself and then drink them.
Conversely, when tablets are required, consultation with a specialist is required.
So, herpes pills are sometimes prescribed in the following situations:
- Primary infection or recurrence of genital herpes, including in maternity hospitals;
- Treatment of herpes zoster;
- Prevention of herpesvirus infections in patients with immunodeficiencies;
- Severe course of herpes on the face with lesions of large areas of the skin;
- Non-standard localization of rashes with herpes simplex - herpetic stomatitis, felon, sycosis;
- And also too frequent recurrences of infections caused by the herpes simplex virus - more often than 3-4 times a year.
Acyclovir usually lasts 5 days. During this time, the patient every day takes the drug 200 mg 5-6 times. It is possible to increase a single dose to 400-500 mg with a reduction in the number of doses. In severe cases and primary infections, the doctor may extend the course of treatment.
- Valtrex and Vairova tablets are taken for infections caused by the herpes simplex virus, 2 times a day for 5 days. The dosage of tablets is 500 mg. With herpes zoster, the dosage rises to 1000 mg, and the multiplicity - up to three times a day, the duration of treatment - up to a week.
- Tablets based on famciclovir are prescribed to take 500 mg 3 times a day for a week for herpes zoster and 125 mg twice a day for 5 days for herpes simplex viruses.
- In cases of pregnancy, the patient has impaired renal function, immunodeficiency conditions, or complicated herpesvirus infections, the doctor prescribes the schedule and duration of taking the tablets on an individual basis.
children
For children, anti-herpes pills are prescribed only in cases where the disease is life-threatening or, with a high probability, can lead to disability. Such cases include the treatment of herpes in HIV-positive children, as well as after organ transplantation and when receiving immunosuppressants. In other cases, the use of these funds in children is not justified.
The use of interferon inducers and agents with this protein is justified only in cases of severe herpetic infections. The course of antiviral therapy in such situations is sometimes supplemented with Cycloferon, Neovir and some other drugs. Only a doctor should prescribe them.
Review: “When the first time bubbles appeared on my lips, I felt bad. It's herpes, nothing helps! I also know that my friends had such a disgusting child, and some very serious one, so he was treated in general for crazy money for six months. I went with her to the pediatrician, showed. She calmed me down. He says that this is normal, half of the children with herpes walk, and severe cases occur only in those who have AIDS. She said that there are medicines, she said the names, but somehow she added that they were of no particular use, and if the child has normal immunity, then they are not needed. She said that if next time there are problems, then immediately call her. But a year has already passed, even ARVI was twice, but herpes did not appear. Pah-pah-pah." Marina, Butovo.
A course of treatment
With herpes on the lip, two types of tablets are used: antiviral and immunotherapeutic action.
Antiviral drugs:
- (plates of 10 and 20 pieces with a dosage of 200 or 400 mg). The drug Acyclovir for herpes on the lips is one of the most popular, effective and well-established drugs on the market. Apply the drug for 10 days 5 times a day. The drug has such strengths:
- low cost with sufficiently high efficiency;
- has no contraindications when taken by pregnant women and children;
- very well tolerated by the body and rarely causes side effects.
- (plates of 10 and 42 pieces with a dosage of 500 mg). This drug is available only in the form of tablets. The course of admission is designed for 5 days, the drug is used 2 times a day. Of its shortcomings, a very high cost can be distinguished, however, the list of advantages compensates for this fact:
- less frequency of use;
- the effect is achieved twice as fast;
- Valtrex tablets for herpes are an excellent way to prevent the transmission of the disease to a healthy person.
- (quantity per package varies from 7 to 40 pieces, dosages: 125, 250 and 500 mg). The course of treatment with the drug is 7 days, twice a day, 500 mg. An expensive antiviral agent with a number of noticeable advantages:
- the effect of the drug does not apply to healthy cells;
- suppresses herpesvirus strains that are resistant to Acyclovir;
- prevents relapses as much as possible (when taking 125 mg of the drug per day).
- Alpizarin(10 and 30 tablets of 100 mg). The drug for the relatively quick treatment of herpes on the lips of plant origin:
- rapidly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract;
- an overdose of this drug was not recorded;
- inhibit virus reproduction.
- (plates of 5 tablets of 200 mg). An effective remedy for the treatment of herpes on the lips, especially in the early stages of this disease. This drug is also often used as a prophylactic.
- Vivorax(10 tablets of 200 mg). The drug, which previously worked well in the form of an ointment, is currently available in tablets.
- Supraviran(dosage 200, 400 and 800 mg, 25 and 35 pieces per pack). A good prophylactic and antiviral in the initial stages of herpes on the lips.
- (10 tablets of 500 mg). The action applies to 6 types of human herpesvirus at all stages of the disease. The price of these tablets for herpes on the lips is acceptable for all segments of the population.
- Remantadine(20 tablets of 50 mg per pack). Well digestible and easily tolerated by the body cheap drug. In addition to adults, it is recommended for children from 7 years of age.
- minaker(tablets with a dosage of 125, 250 and 500 mg). In the body it is transformed into penciclovir, stops the spread of the virus in the body. Contraindicated in people with renal insufficiency.
- Acyclostad(dosage 200, 400 and 800 mg). An acyclovir-derived agent that can be used from 2 years of age without the risk of side effects and severe complications.
Immunomodulators:
- (10 or 50 tablets of 150 mg per pack). Before drinking Acyclovir for herpes on the lip, it is recommended to strengthen the protective functions of the body. It is this drug that gives the best result in this process. Also, the drug has an antiviral effect. The method of application is specific: the first two days - 4 tablets, then 3 - every other day, after which every 3 days, 5 tablets.
- (packs of 6, 10 and 20 pieces, dosage 60 and 125 mg). This drug accelerates the production of antibodies to the virus, and also suppresses it well.
- Isoprinosine(pack of 10 tablets of 500 mg). A powerful tool, when taking which you can refuse antiviral drugs. The component of the tablets - inosinepranobex - perfectly copes with pain at any stage of the disease.
- Galavit(5 bottles of 100 mg). An effective remedy for the first manifestations of herpes on the lips. Removes puffiness, reduces itching and prevents the inflammatory process.
- Lavomax(10 tablets of 125 mg). Expensive effective remedy. It has a high degree of protein binding and a short period of excretion from the human body with feces and urine.
Doctors recommend the combined use of the above funds. The price of Acyclovir tablets with the cost of any of the immunotherapeutic agents will not hit the pocket of the average resident of the Russian Federation, and the effect of such treatment will be almost the same as when using expensive drugs.
Is it possible to get rid of the disease in 2 days?
The effectiveness of therapy directly depends on the complexity of the situation and how early the therapy was started. So, with proper use, starting from the very first symptoms of the disease, you can get rid of the signs of relapse in one day.
It is of great importance when exactly the remedy was started - if the pills were taken before rashes formed on the face or genitals, then most likely they will not appear at all.
If the bubbles have already formed, then you will have to undergo therapy longer until they disappear.
Tablets or ointments - which is better?
When choosing between ointments and tablets against herpes, the following nuances should be considered:
- Tablets act systemically, on the whole body. For this reason, they can cause side effects - allergies, poisoning, headaches. Ointments are safer, which is especially important for children and pregnant women;
- Tablets are more convenient to use - so to speak, swallowed and forgot;
- Tablet preparations are generally more expensive than ointments.
In most cases, the use of tablets at home (especially to combat herpes on the lips) can be considered excessive and unjustified. In general, with ordinary herpes on the face - on the lips, on the nose, on the chin - it is enough to use ointments and gels at home. Tablets are used in difficult situations, when the danger from the disease is higher than the possible side effects from its treatment with tablets.
Thus, tableted antiherpetic drugs, as a rule, are not used independently. They are included by the doctor in the therapeutic complex as the main means, in addition to which other antiviral and immunomodulatory drugs work.
Danger of use
All herpes pills in some people can cause allergies with characteristic symptoms - nausea, vomiting, headaches and dizziness. In rare cases, after taking the funds, manifestations of anaphylaxis are noted.
In addition, after taking pills for herpes, disturbances in the functioning of the kidneys are sometimes recorded, up to renal failure and colic, as well as side effects from the nervous system - hallucinations, depression of consciousness, convulsions, coma.
It is noted that impaired renal function increases the risk of disorders of the nervous system.
During pregnancy and lactation, antiherpetic drugs are prescribed only by a doctor and only in situations where the benefits of using these drugs outweigh the possible danger to the fetus or infant.
What definitely helps
Definitely useless in the treatment of herpes pills of the following types:
- Antibiotics - they are not active against viruses in general and herpes in particular;
- Homeopathic remedies, including Anaferon - many experts believe that their effectiveness does not exceed the effectiveness of placebo, and not a single study has confirmed that they can influence the course of herpes;
- Any pills based on herbal raw materials - today there are no herbal preparations that can destroy herpes viruses in the body when used systemically (with the exception of Panavir preparations, in which the active ingredient is an extract from potato shoots, but these funds are not available in the form of tablets).
Also, with great care should be treated with advice to take various immunomodulators. Along with really effective (and very expensive) drugs of this type, the market today is filled with dummy drugs that can in no way affect either the course of the disease or the state of the immune system.
herpes911.ru
Is it worth taking pills for the prevention of herpes?
First of all, it is necessary to understand that if it would be necessary to prevent herpes with the help of tablet preparations, then they would have to be taken constantly. So, for example, Valtrex for prevention is prescribed to patients with normal immunity in the amount of 500 mg once a day for a year, and to patients with immunodeficiency - 500 mg twice a day without interruption. The schemes for taking other tablets for the prevention of herpes are similar.
- Thus, it is impossible to drink a prophylactic course of a remedy for herpes for a week or two and be sure that the body will be protected from infection for a whole year.
- The active ingredients of the tablets are quickly excreted from the body and cease to affect the viral particles constantly produced by infected cells (for the same famciclovir, the half-life is 24-48 hours).
- In order for substances that destroy viral particles to be constantly present in the body, the pills would have to be taken constantly.
- Therefore, such prophylaxis is justified almost exclusively for people with immunodeficiencies. In other situations, the immune system successfully fights viruses, and in case of “failures”, it is quite possible to start effective treatment on time.
For a truly effective and safe prevention of herpes, it is much more important to lead a healthy lifestyle and eat well (quality) to naturally support immunity.
Interesting video: a girl tells how she got rid of private recurrences of herpes without pills
Wrong prevention
In the issue of preventing herpetic diseases with the help of tablets, it is important to understand that this is advisable only in certain cases. Considering that the virus is not completely destroyed, and the components of the substances fighting its reproduction are quickly excreted from the body, the main burden falls on the immune system. So, with a normal level of immune protection, the problem may never manifest itself at all, and this does not require drinking antiherpetic drugs. If a failure occurs, then it is more advisable to undergo a short therapy of the symptoms that have arisen.
- Manufacturers in the instructions indicate that the tablets can be used for prevention, but this approach requires a very long course.
- So, usually it is either six months or a year of daily intake of the minimum dose of the drug.
- Such measures are relevant only for those people who have immunodeficiencies, since their defense system simply cannot resist the reproduction of the virus itself.
Contraindications
Almost any medicine for herpes on the lips is contraindicated during pregnancy and lactation. Also an important role is played by individual intolerance to the individual components of the drugs. Self-treatment is not recommended, before starting a course of taking pills, you should contact the appropriate specialist.
For preschool children and schoolchildren under 12 years of age, the use of most drugs is contraindicated. In cases of severe exacerbation of herpes on the lips, the reception is possible after consultation with the pediatrician, under his supervision and strictly according to the instructions.
Preventive measures
For the prevention of herpes on the lips, tablets from the antiviral group are taken in reduced dosages. Such preventive measures are especially recommended for people with a weakened immune system, as well as during the treatment of colds.
A set of preventive measures is especially recommended to be carried out in the autumn season, when the human body is most vulnerable to the influence of external factors (dampness, cold).
Every year, insidious herpesviruses kill many people by blocking immune defenses. All this happens because timely treatment is not necessarily carried out in state clinics, PCR studies are not assigned under the CHI policy.
Moreover, people who do not understand the high degree of threat provoke the widespread spread of infection by approving and praising promotions with handshakes, close hugs, with strangers.
How to treat herpes? What measures should be taken to save relatives and friends from the danger of becoming an infirm invalid due to a pathological mutation of body cells caused by dangerous immortal DNA viruses?
herpes virus
Almost all cases of simple infection occur in infancy, children receive viruses from the outside world. What's happening:
- The child gets chickenpox, the symptoms of the disease are successfully treated, but the viruses are so viable that it is impossible to get rid of them for the rest of their lives.
- Virions instantly intrude into the DNA of the nuclei of human neurons, are not recognized by leukocytes, and slowly but surely destroy human immunity.
- Penetrating into the blood, they spread to all cells of the body. They affect the liver, kidneys, brain, eyes, nervous, endocrine systems, respiratory and genitourinary organs.
Even if the threat of infection has passed a person in childhood, he can become infected every minute from others through money, toys, doorknobs, underwear, as well as airborne transmission and through sex.
Schemes and principles of its treatment
Methods of therapy of sick people distinguish the following stages of the fight against herpes infection:
- Complete suppression of the vital activity of herpes viruses and the destruction of the structure of virions by chemical drugs.
- Maximum activation of the immune system of an infected person with the help of.
- Creation of the most unfavorable conditions for virions for replication and distribution (to avoid).
- Immunotherapy - to increase the body's resistance.
The treatment regimen for herpes in expectant mothers is significantly different from the use of antiviral therapy used for men in the prime of life, since the chemicals in synthetic pills can harm the baby.
In each individual case, only a (dermatologist, infectious disease specialist, then immunologist) can choose an antiherpetic therapy regimen that is safe for the health of a particular person.
Effective means for complex therapy
What medications may be needed? First of all, it is important to suppress the replication of virions, destroy the DNA of viruses, and prevent them from spreading to tissues close to the foci of infection.
Antivirals
Pharmaceuticals of high efficiency (by popularity):
Capsules, tablets | Creams, gels, ointments | Candles |
Pencivir | ||
minaker | Viru Merz Serol | |
Virolex | Panavir | |
Vectavir | ||
Zovirax | Zovirax | Polyxidonium |
Erabazan | Kipferon | |
Farmciclovir | Beaufanton | Acyclovir |
Preparation: root fibers 2 tsp. steam ½ l. boiling water inside a thermos, withstand 8 hours.
Use 3r. 150 ml. Term 10 days.
Renew the course every six months.
Antiviral tincture from Lespedeza kopechnikova
Ingredients: herbs 50 gr. + 200 ml of alcohol. Time of infusion 15 days.
3 p. by tea. L. Period 10 days.
At the same time, lubricate the elements of the rash.
Olive leaf tea
In a thermos: grass 1 tsp. steamed with a slide with boiling water (300 ml) for 10 minutes.
Drink half before breakfast, the other half before lunch.
The antiviral immunostimulating effect of the plant is due to the high content of oleuropein.
echinacea tincture
Pour 300 ml of alcohol into 30 g of grass. Seal dishes tightly.
Infuse for 10 days, shake daily. Filter.
Use 4 r. by tea. l. The term is 15 days.
At the same time, lubricate the skin affected by the rash.
echinacea tea
Brewed with boiling water (250 ml) 1 tsp. plants 10 min.
Drink in 2 doses: before breakfast and before lunch.
The period is 10 days.
Eucalyptus infusion
For a medicinal drink, 1 tbsp is required. l. Plants are steamed with 300 ml of boiling water. Keep for 15 minutes, filter.
Reception: 3 p. 100 ml, do not drink water. The term is a month.
By the way, eucalyptus is part of the effective anti-herpetic antiseptic Chlorophyllipt.
Decoction from the collection of plants No. 1.
1 tsp kopeck root + echinacea herb 1 + elusive peony 1 + calendula 1 + chamomile 2 + oregano 2 + juniper berry 2 tsp. Crush, mix.
Take 2 tsp. collection, fall asleep inside a thermos, steam with boiling water (a glass), leave for 6 hours. Filter.
Dosage: 4r. ½ cup. Treatment 20 days.
Prepare the following mixtures in the same way (2, 3, 4).
Collection number 2
Ingredients: Eleutherococcus 2 tsp. + white mistletoe 1 + lemon balm 2 + chaga mushroom 2 + birch buds 1 + fireweed 2 + cuff herbs 2.
1 st. l. mixture, steam 350 ml of boiling water in a thermos flask.
Dosage: 3r. 100 ml. Term - 1 month.
Collection number 3
Ingredients: olive leaf 1 tsp. + oregano 1 + lemon balm 2 + calendula 1 + chamomile flowers 2 + echinacea 1 + kopek root 1 tsp.
Prepare the infusion as the previous ones: 2 tsp. collection of herbs is steamed with 300 ml of boiling water.
Usage: 2 p. 1/2 cup. Period 2 months.
Collection number 4
Ingredients: licorice root 1 tsp. + echinacea 1 + marigold flowers 1 + meadowsweet 1 + olive leaves 1 + oregano herbs 1 tsp. Grind everything, mix.
For a drink take 1 tbsp. l. collection, steam 300 ml of boiling water in a thermos flask. Insist night, filter.
Reception: 3 p. ½ cup. Treatment - 30 days.
Tincture of equal parts meadowsweet, wild rose and calendula
Dry a mixture of 50 g of grass and 25 g of fruit, chop. Pour 500 ml. alcohol.
Keep under a tight lid for 14 days. Filter.
Reception: 3 p. by tables. l. Period 8 to 12 days.
At the same time, every 5 hours, you need to lubricate the elements of a herpetic rash.
Bubble treatment tincture
Take ½ cup of birch buds, add 15 gr. crushed propolis. Pour vodka (250 ml).
Keep covered in the dark for 14 days, shake daily. Lubricate the rash up to 5 p. in a day.
Infusion to reduce itching and burning
A mixture of mint and calendula (2 tablespoons each) is diluted with vodka (400 ml), you need to infuse for 10 days. Then drain the liquid.
Disinfect the skin up to 5 r. in a day.
Essential compositions
To process the elements of the rash can be used. The procedures contribute to rapid drying without the release of infectious exudate and the spread of viruses in nearby areas of the epithelium.
Contraindications to the use of herbal preparations and tinctures: allergy to ingredients. In addition, caution should be used in traditional medicine in the treatment of herpes and pregnant women. During lactation, it is better not to use them.
Anti-herpes diet
The main principles of food selection are as follows:
- A significant decrease in the consumption of food rich in the amino acid arginine, which provokes the multiplication of the number and increase in the activity of herpes viruses.
- And the maximum increase in the diet of the amino acid lysine, which destroys virions.
Products in which there is a lot of lysine useful for humans:
- dairy products;
- potato;
- chicken;
- fish;
- meat;
- leguminous plants;
- brewer's yeast.
They need to be used more often. Also add cranberries, quince, black currants, lingonberries, wild roses, carrots, beets, sauerkraut, onions to the diet.
Products with a lot of arginine, which is not needed for herpes:
- wheat bakery and confectionery products;
- chocolate;
- cereals;
- sugar;
- nuts and seeds;
- raisin.
Consumption should be reduced to a minimum. It should be excluded from the menu tangerines, oranges, alcoholic beverages.
As soon as the balance of nutrition shifts towards a multiple excess of the intake of lysine over arginine, viral attacks will stop for a long time.
Why do some people have herpes exacerbations up to 3 times a year, while others do not show the disease for years? It all depends on proper nutrition and a healthy lifestyle: full physical activity, elimination of stressful situations, the absence of bad smoking habits, and alcohol abuse. The fewer factors that reduce immune defense, the better the person's well-being and the lower the risk of damage to internal organs and the nervous system by viruses.
There are 8 types of herpes virus that affect the human body. The symptoms of some of them are similar, in others it varies greatly - the diseases are manifested by skin rashes, fevers, sore throats, mental disorders and even oncology.
Treatment of herpes in most cases is monotonous: it is aimed at suppressing viral activity with certain drugs and increasing immunity. With different types of infection in complex therapy, additional medications are required to combat special symptoms.
What drugs are used in the treatment of herpes infection?
For the treatment of the herpes virus in modern domestic medicine, the following drugs are usually used:
For different types of disease and lesions, different forms of drugs are prescribed. So, for labial (simple) herpes, external agents are usually used, with extensive rashes - tablets and injections. With a genital infection, candles also come into play. Newborns are recommended injections in low doses, since they cannot take other forms of drugs.
Attention! If a herpetic infection is complicated by additional diseases of a fungal or bacterial nature, antibiotics are additionally prescribed. In other cases, these drugs are dangerous to take, they can only worsen the patient's condition. When prescribing, they try to limit themselves only to forms for local / external use, drugs for oral administration are prescribed only for especially extensive internal bacterial damage.
How to treat herpes during pregnancy
During pregnancy, the most dangerous primary infection with herpes. If a woman has already experienced this disease, her body produces antibodies that are transmitted to the embryo, thereby protecting it (though not 100%) from infection. Relapses of a herpetic infection are also not so terrible; with adequate treatment, the risks of infecting a child are minimal.
First of all, therapy is aimed at suppressing the activity of the virus and reducing the duration of the acute period of the disease.
In the first 24 hours after the onset of symptoms of herpes, you should start taking antiviral drugs:
- Acyclovir;
- Valaciclovir;
- Penciclovir;
- Famciclovir.
You can take any analogues of these drugs. Safer and more effective than others for treatment are acyclovir medicines, which include Zovirax, Gerpevir, Supraviran, Acigerpin. These substances are active against herpes viruses types 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5.
Usually, the appointment of antiviral drugs in pregnant women is limited to local administration - in the form of ointments, gels, creams. This is justified by the low percentage of penetration of the active substance into the mother's body, since at the same time it also passes through the placental barrier (enters the child's body). Also, for external use, antibacterial ointments are recommended - oxolinic, tetracycline, erythromycin and tebrofen, Neosporin, Vidarabine, Riodoxol.
It is important to know! With a significant lesion of the body with herpes, with primary infection or a particularly acute relapse, drugs are prescribed in tablets: 500 mg of Valaciclovir twice a day for 10 days or 200 mg of Acyclovir three times a day for 5 days.
With severe pain, women are advised to lubricate the skin with Xylocaine 2%. To speed up the regeneration of the affected areas, you can take sedentary herbal baths with chamomile or string, and then apply drying ointments, such as zinc, to the damaged areas.
Features of the treatment of newborns and children up to a year
If the mother has a herpes infection, the newborn must be isolated during the incubation period of the virus. It does not matter the presence or absence of clinical symptoms in the child. However, if the mother was healthy, the baby is isolated only if there are characteristic signs.
Traditionally, the treatment of herpes is carried out according to the following scheme:
- If symptoms of herpes occur, 30 mg of Acyclovir per kilogram of body weight is prescribed intravenously daily for 10 days.
- Generalized infection is treated with increased doses of Acyclovir - up to 60-90 mg - for 2-3 weeks.
- Human immunoglobulin is also used at 4-6 mg per kilogram intravenously via a dropper in the first 3 days. The drug can be replaced with Viferon, Roncoleukin or Reaferon.
In case of damage to the organs of vision or the presence of skin rashes on the body of a newborn, in addition to intravenous therapy, local antiviral agents are used - Acyclovir ophthalmic ointment and interferon-based gels. Herpetic eruptions on the gums () and the inner sides of the lips are treated with 3% hydrogen peroxide. To anesthetize feeding before it, anesthesin or lidocaine is used.
Treatment of labial and genital herpes (types 1 and 2) in men and women (on the pope)
Labial herpes simplex usually spreads over the skin of the face, neck, mucous membranes of the nose and mouth, and touches the eyes. Scratching and frequently touching diseased areas can spread the infection throughout the body.
It is mainly located in the inguinal region: on the external genitalia, inner thighs, buttocks. The disease can spread to the vagina in women or to the urethra and testicles in men. Touch also transfers the infection to any other parts of the body - on the stomach, in the armpits, on the face.
Treatment for both of these types of herpes is similar. Therapy is usually carried out in three stages:
- Taking antiviral drugs for 5-10 days: Acyclovir, Ganciclovir, Cytarabine, Famciclovir, Ribavirin, Trifluorothymidine, Bofanton, Tromandatrin, Oxolin, Tebrofen, Amixin in the form of injections, ointments or tablets.
- Raising immunity during remission of 30-60 days: human immunoglobulin, Pentaglobin, Cytotect, Vezikbulin, Kamedon, Kagocel, Viferon, Cycloferon, Ridostin, Leukinferon, Neovir, etc.
- Prevention of recurrence of the disease every 6 months: Amixin + polyvalent herpes vaccine is prescribed (a total of 5 subcutaneous injections of 0.2 ml every other day).
With labial herpes, it is often enough to carry out the first stage of treatment, while the genital form is treated with a full course. Often, only an increase in immunity (a simplified second stage of treatment) without vaccination is used as a prevention of relapses.
How to treat shingles from herpes zoster (type 3)?
Shingles often goes away on its own, but Zoster virus treatment is still used to improve the immune system, relieve uncomfortable symptoms, and reduce the risk of recurrences. Therapy is especially necessary for the elderly (over 50) and with severe immunodeficiency. At the same time, they assign:
- Antiviral drugs. Acyclovir, Famciclovir, Valaciclovir, Penciclovir. It is advisable to start treatment within the first 3 days.
- Painkillers. To alleviate the physical and psychological state of the patient in the United States, narcotic analgesics (eg Oxycodone) are prescribed, in Russia - non-narcotic Ketoprofen, Ketorolac, Ibuprofen, Naproxen.
- Anticonvulsants. Sometimes with severe neuropathic pain, patients are recommended to take Gabapentin or Pregabalin.
Several drugs should be noted separately, since their use is most effective and often prescribed by doctors: deoxyribonuclease, Isoprinosine, acyclovir drugs, ganglioblockers (Gangleron). Additionally, patients are advised to take vitamin B complexes and interferon ointments / aerosols (Eridin, Alpizarin, Florenal, Helepin). If herpes reaches the gangrenous form, antibiotics and Solcoseryl are connected to therapy.
Recovery after shingles is usually incomplete - neuralgic symptoms of the disease remain (postherpetic neuralgia). Treatment continues with the same anticonvulsants and analgesics, opioid drugs are added, but antiviral drugs are no longer required. Neurological therapy is aimed primarily at the extermination of the pain syndrome.
Antiviral therapy for ophthalmic herpes (on the eyes)
In the treatment of herpetic eye damage, all the same antiviral drugs are used, but in the form of eye ointments, drops, or for internal use. The clinic actively uses drugs based on 5-iodine-2-deoxyuridine:
- Kerecid;
- Stoksil;
- Idukollal;
- Herplex;
- Dendril;
- Oftan-I go.
Patients are prescribed other compounds of this group- acyclovir, ganciclovir, valaciclovir, famciclovir, sorivudine, vidarabine, TFT, brivudine and foscarnet. Florenal, Riodoxol, Tebrofen can be added to the list of antiviral drugs against eye herpes. Interferon drugs include leukocyte interferon, Poludan, Cycloferon, Timalin, Taktivin and Amiksin.
Treatment of the Epstein-Barr virus (herpes type 4) and herpetic sore throat
There is no specific treatment regimen for patients with EBV infection; the therapeutic complex is determined according to the individual indications of the patient's condition. Persons with severe fever, severe tonsillitis/tonsillitis, jaundice, anemia, and airway obstruction are subject to hospitalization. In other cases, you can be treated at home.
Patients need maintenance therapy with rinsing the mouth with antiseptic solutions (with a strong pain syndrome, 2% lidocaine or xylocaine is added to the solution). It is important to provide plenty of fluids.
First of all, the appointment of antiviral agents is required:
- Aciclovir, Ganciclovir, Valaciclovir and others of a number of acyclic nucleoside analogues;
- cidofovir, adefovir and other acyclic nucleotide analogues;
- Foscavir, Foscarnet, phosphonoacetylic acid and other pyrophosphate analogues.
Additionally, the following groups of drugs are prescribed:
- non-steroidal anti-inflammatory: tylenol, acetaminophen, paracetamol;
- antibacterial(in the presence of concomitant infections): are selected depending on the sensitivity of the microflora, mainly cephalosporins, macrolides, lincosamides;
- antifungal: flucanazole, metronidazole;
- glucocorticosteroids(in severe disease): orazon, dexamethasone, prednisolone, deltazone, hydrocortisone;
- immunoglobulins and immunomodulators: Alfaglobin, Gammar-P, Sandoglobulin, Intron A, Reaferon, Cycloferon, Viferon.
Cytomegalovirus infection (herpes 5): treatment of adults and children
There is also no correct separate treatment regimen for CMV. Symptoms of the acute phase of the disease are treated with the same antiviral drugs as other herpesviruses. More often, however, Ganciclovir and Valganciclovir are used.
Additionally, immunomodulating therapy is needed, which includes vitamin support and stimulation of the immune system with interferons and globulins. Cycloferon, Viferon and other similar drugs are prescribed, the course of treatment is several weeks. The patient also needs to improve his lifestyle: change the diet, exercise, take enough fluids, walk in the fresh air.
Often the acute form "attaches" other diseases to itself, for which adequate antibiotic treatment is necessary. Such therapy is concomitant and does not reduce the severity of the symptoms of the herpes virus itself, therefore it is connected only as an addition to the complex of antiviral and immunomodulatory agents.
Features of the treatment of herpes 6
When a child or adult shows symptoms of this form of herpes, a typical antiviral therapy regimen is prescribed. Complex treatment usually includes Ganciclovir, the most effective drug against HHV-6 from the group of acyclic nucleoside analogs, as well as Foscarnet and Cidofovir. At the age of 12 years, only the last of these drugs is allowed.
Acyclovir against herpes type 6 is ineffective. Adefovir and Lubocavir are sometimes used, and experimental vaccines are being developed. To relieve the symptoms of infection, antipyretics (Paracetamol or Ibuprofen) are used, they drink plenty of water and diuretic herbal teas.
Herpetic eruptions in children practically do not itch, so external antibacterial ointments are not required to prevent additional infection. However, care should be taken to take vitamin complexes in order to strengthen the body's natural defenses and accelerate the production of a sufficient amount of antibodies against HHV-6.
In adulthood, the infection manifests itself in severe immunodeficiency, so the suppression of symptoms should be carried out primarily with interferon immunomodulators. However, such treatment is prohibited if the disease manifested itself after organ transplantation, since this period requires a weak immune system to prevent tissue rejection.
How is herpes 7 and 8 treated?
These two types of herpes are so little studied that there are no definite treatment regimens. In individual therapeutic complexes, classical antiherpetic drugs are used in combination with medications aimed at eliminating the symptoms of concomitant diseases.
So, in the presence of oncological diseases from type 8 herpes, treatment with interferons is contraindicated, however, chemotherapeutic antitumor drugs can be added to the complex. Surgery and radiation therapy may be required. If the mental state of the patient is affected by herpesvirus-7, adequate psychotherapy is necessary with the possible use of antidepressants and psychoanalysis sessions.
Treatment of herpes of internal organs
Herpes on the internal organs is treated according to the classical scheme, however, the drugs are prescribed orally - there is nowhere to use them locally.
The most commonly prescribed antivirals are:
- Acyclovir;
- Famvir;
- Valtrex;
- Ganciclovir;
- Cytarabine, etc.
They are used in the form of suppositories, tablets and injections. Immunomodulators are also used in the same forms:
- Viferon;
- Cycloferon;
- Isoprinosine;
- Likopid.
Attention! Self-administration of drugs that affect the immune system is highly discouraged. This should be done by the attending physician or immunologist.
In addition to classical therapy, auxiliary drugs are prescribed: for the liver - hepetoprotectors, for severe inflammatory processes - anti-inflammatory drugs, with concomitant fungal or bacterial disease - antimycotics and antibiotics.
Folk remedies for the treatment of herpes
Every year they deserve more and more popularity in medical circles. With a slight lesion, treatment with natural herbal preparations can give an excellent result, with an extensive spread of the disease, it is recommended to combine them with drug treatment.
Domestic doctor L. V. Pogorelskaya offers the following treatment regimen for recurrent herpes:
- A decoction of the collection of herbs. Mix lemon balm, thyme, raspberry leaves, wormwood, juniper and oregano in a ratio of 4:3:4:2:3:3. Brew daily for an hour 1 tsp. in a glass of boiling water and drink in two doses for 14-28 days.
- Alpizarin in the amount of 0.1 g three times a day for 21 days.
- Twice before dinner, 40 drops of Eleutherococcus extract before meals.
- Alpizarin or helepin ointment for rashes three times a day for 14-28 days.
Infusions, decoctions and compresses from the following plants also help against herpes: Amur velvet, feathery Kalanchoe, Canadian desmodium, medicinal calendula, warty birch, yellowing kopeechnik, common juniper and pine, kopeechny forest, buckthorn-shaped sea buckthorn, cotton plant, twig-shaped eucalyptus and western thuja .