Smoking definition. Smoking and the harm of smoking. How was tobacco spread?
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strange text
“However, according to other data, lung cancer occurs in 3.4 non-smoking people out of 100,000. Among people who smoke half a pack a day, the figure rises to 51.4 cases out of 100,000, 1 - 2 packs a day increases the risk to 143. 9 out of 100,000, and when consuming more than two packs per day - up to 217.3 out of 100,000" - what tenths of a person are we talking about, and who is included in the main group of this sample, taking into account the data presented for both smokers and non-smokers? The section on harm is extremely biased and resembles propaganda, - This replica was added by ViXP member (·)
- VP: Subscribe on the discussion pages. Wikidim 06:29, July 16, 2014 (UTC)
culture in China
I wonder what exactly led to the fact that in China “60% of the country’s male population and 3% of the female population” smoke, when in other countries the difference is not so great
sections
It is worth removing the “restrictions” section in favor of a link to the Smoking Ban because replay 94.45.73.56 20:58, January 15, 2012 (UTC)
"Inhalation"?..
In my opinion, the definition of the smoking process. “Saturation of the body with the active substances contained in them” is carried out Not only“by their sublimation and subsequent absorption in the lungs and respiratory tract,” but also in the way that cigars and pipes are smoked - namely, filling only the mouth with smoke and preventing it from getting into the lungs. In this case, nicotine enters the body through the oral mucosa. This difference in smoking methods is fundamentally important.
By the way, in the English Wiki the definition is more correct: “Smoking is a practice in which a substance, most commonly tobacco or cannabis, is burned and the smoke is tasted or inhaled" - literally: "smoke tastes it or inhaled." Saniasoone 07:42, 4 February 2011 (UTC)
- "respiratory tract". Is the oral cavity part of the respiratory tract? Refers. TSB .-- 16:28, February 4, 2011 (UTC)
- Doesn't necessarily apply. See Wiki article. In any case, this is a controversial issue, but the fact that the smoke does not enter the lungs is important. Anyone who smokes a pipe or cigars understands this difference. He would have tried to take a drag... - This comment was added by Saniasoone (·)
- Many are delayed. VP:PS and VP:AI, if you can correct it carefully.-- 14:44, February 5, 2011 (UTC)
Engagement
The page clearly does NOT present a neutral point of view. only about the dangers of smoking, all sites on external links are anti-tobacco. It is also necessary to add links to materials from tobacco companies to give people a choice. I don’t smoke myself, it’s just a shame that all the sources (and the entire article) are based on the opinion of opponents of smoking 77.51.15.167 20:21, January 27, 2009 (UTC)
- Giving a reference to the fact that black is white somehow does not correspond to the rule VP: 5S in an effort to be accurate. But you can VP:PS in compliance with VP:PROV and VP:AI. -- statement.teacher Stone ext. V 13:42, April 17, 2009 (UTC)
- Here are the options found (the source is unknown to me) --Talanov 09:20, November 18, 2009 (UTC):
11 reasons to start smoking
- Not smoking in unfamiliar company is not convenient, because in any company almost everyone smokes and does not like those who don’t. Find new friends - smoke!
- When talking with a smoker, mutual antipathy quickly arises; you automatically find yourself on opposite sides of the cigarette barricade, so mutual understanding cannot be achieved. Open up to people - smoke!
- If you love coffee, and you probably do, you can only feel its real taste by washing it down with tobacco smoke, especially in the morning. Experience the perfection of taste - smoke!
- All the latest and most interesting news can be found only in the “smoking room”. Stay up to date - smoke!
- When you travel out of town, you risk the health of your lungs, which are accustomed to polluted city air; only smoking can save you from losing consciousness. Protect your body from stress - smoke!
- If you fall in love with a smoker, your relationship will initially be unequal and, therefore, short-lived. Don't break your fate - smoke!
- As soon as you start smoking, you will immediately notice the insufficient number of trash cans on the streets and, as a person who is not indifferent to the general well-being and, in general, as a fighter for the cleanliness and culture of public life, you will begin to strive for the installation of trash cans on every corner, especially where you go . Show your citizenship - smoke!
- You can smoke while driving, drink alcohol and talk on a cell phone, but you can smoke. Get double the pleasure of driving a car - smoke!
- As you know, a drop of nicotine will kill a horse, so you will always have a weapon against wild animals. Arm yourself - smoke!
- If a group of tipsy teenagers asks you for a cigarette, and you answer that you don’t smoke, you’re in trouble. Protect yourself from hooligans - smoke!
- If you don't smoke, you'll never be able to test your willpower when trying to quit. Challenge yourself - smoke!
10 reasons to smoke cigarettes
- For many asthmatics, it relieves coughing attacks and makes breathing easier (not for everyone - for some it has the diametrically opposite effect).
- There are cases where smoking stopped the deterioration of vision.
- Smoking helps you concentrate.
- Smoking helps you relax.
- Smoking is a “communicative” tool.
- Smoking reduces appetite.
- Nicotine has a stimulating effect on the brain, improving memory and the quality of information processing.
- Smokers have a 70% lower risk of developing Parkinson's disease than non-smokers.
- Nicotine compensates for defects in brain activity in schizophrenia.
- Nicotine is also very useful for all kinds of allergic diseases.
Just remember that a smoker does not live 10 years of his life!
globaltobaccocontrol.org/ru
For which article do you think the link Training World Leaders on Tobacco Control is appropriate? Aqui 12:01, April 29, 2010 (UTC)
See the introductory part to VP:VS. If the site contained at least some information about tobacco smoking (available without registration), then one might think about putting a link in the Tobacco Smoking article. --Shureg 12:10, April 29, 2010 (UTC) There we are not talking about a complete ban on the publication of such information, but that it should be avoided. However, the project at the link is entirely dedicated, from beginning to end, specifically to the problem of smoking. On the other hand, publishing data on Wikipedia from this source may be considered a violation of copyright. So the link is very appropriate. Aqui 14:47, April 29, 2010 (UTC) “Cannot be copied” is an argument that is suitable for almost every link. The link contains information about smoking tobacco, not smoking as such. Materials are available only after registration. “A link to a site that requires registration or a paid subscription, as a rule, can be placed in an article only if it is dedicated to this site itself, or if the site material, available by subscription or after registration, is used as a source for quoting or writing the article itself ( in a footnote or note)"--Shureg 15:25, April 29, 2010 (UTC)
Add a link to the site.
Hello, please add a link to the site. Why you need to quit smoking Dav2008 20:56, July 4, 2010 (UTC)
- Global adult tobacco survey (GATS) - Global survey of adults on tobacco consumption. Russian Federation, 2009. Country report
- Download file (IB_05_09.pdf) May 2009. “The fight against smoking.” - Materials of the World Health Organization.
--Tyr29 21:50, February 23, 2012 (UTC)
- Andreeva T. I., Krasovsky K. S. Tobacco and health. - Kyiv., 2004. - 224 p. - ISBN 966-8012-30-5.
Smoking
Why do they smoke please tell me. You know, they buy big and small cigarettes there. They light cigarettes in the apartment and smoke in the elevator.
They smoke so that such questions appear)))) Venom71 18:28, July 16, 2012 (UTC)
Correct information about fines in Italy.
In rooms where smoking is prohibited, there are usually signs indicating this. An example would be a sign (
The number of smokers has exceeded 1.3 billion people and continues to grow. And this despite the fact that almost 5 million people die from smoking every year. No war or epidemic can cause such damage to humanity as a cigarette. But people persist in paying millions of dollars for something that is killing them.
Nobody enjoys their first cigarette. After smoking, unpleasant sensations appear: dizziness, nausea, cough. But if for some reason a person decides to continue smoking, then the body gets used to nicotine and other components of tobacco smoke. During the first months, smoking can cause mild euphoria, mobilize internal resources, or, conversely, calm you down. But over time, these sensations disappear. Nicotine, although it is a poison (toxin) in nature, is included in the metabolism. Simply put, the body gets used to the fact that this substance is constantly in the blood. When its concentration decreases, the nervous system signals that it is time to replenish reserves. Then the desire to smoke another cigarette arises. Most often, it takes 1 year from the first cigarette to the formation of nicotine addiction or tobacco addiction.
How does smoking affect the human body?
Tobacco smoke consists of 4000 components. The most famous of them are nicotine and tar. But other components are no less dangerous: poisons, radioactive substances, heavy metals. Don't rely on a cigarette filter to protect you. Even the most modern of them capture only 20% of the substances contained in smoke.How do harmful substances enter the body?
When you take a drag, the temperature at the tip of the cigarette reaches 800 degrees. Under such conditions, dry distillation of tobacco occurs. This means that the inhaled air, passing through a layer of heated tobacco, carries with it volatile substances and tiny solid particles. They enter the mouth, trachea, bronchi and the alveoli of the lungs with the air flow. Due to the fact that tobacco smoke is an aerosol of small particles, they quickly reach the most remote areas of the respiratory system. Through the wall of the alveoli, penetrated by blood vessels, harmful substances easily penetrate the blood and spread throughout the body. So, 8 seconds after the first puff, the brain already feels the effect of nicotine.
Components of tobacco smoke | Their effect on the body | Consequences of exposure |
Nicotine – one of the most powerful drugs, a toxic alkaloid that causes addiction on a par with heroin. This poison is the plant’s natural defense against being eaten by animals. | It affects acetylcholine receptors, resulting in an increase in the release of adrenaline. This substance causes: acceleration of the heartbeat, constriction of blood vessels, rapid breathing, increased blood pressure, and activation of metabolic processes. It has a stimulating effect on the nervous system: concentration and performance increase, short-term memory improves, anxiety disappears, pleasure centers in the brain are stimulated. But after 20 minutes, the concentration of nicotine in the blood begins to decrease. This is accompanied by inhibition of brain function and suppression of thought processes. The smoker's acetylcholine receptors become accustomed to stimulation by nicotine. Its absence in the blood causes discomfort. | The first reaction is brain stimulation, increased concentration and reaction speed, moderate euphoria. Then the excitement gives way to inhibition: inhibition of thinking, weakness of skeletal muscles, trembling in the hands. Smokers' brain cells die faster than other people. There is a theory that nicotine can cause schizophrenia. From the cardiovascular system: heart attack, stroke, aortic aneurysm, arterial hypertension, arrhythmia, coronary heart disease. Digestive system: poor circulation leads to gastritis and peptic ulcers, the formation of gallstones. Cancerous tumors. Nicotine changes the DNA structure of cells and causes cancer. Nicotine leads to the development of mental and physical dependence. |
Tobacco tar consists of aromatic substances and resin. | Contain substances that cause mutations in cells, leading to the formation of malignant tumors. Resins condense and are deposited on the teeth, oral mucosa, vocal cords, bronchial walls and alveoli of the lungs. They disrupt the functioning of the ciliated epithelium, which is responsible for cleansing the bronchi, and damage the alveolar sacs. Soot particles make the lungs susceptible to infectious diseases. Resins inhibit the functioning of the immune system. It does not effectively destroy bacteria and malignant cells. | Cracks and yellowing of tooth enamel. Hoarseness of voice, cough. Bronchitis and emphysema. The likelihood of pneumonia and tuberculosis increases. Malignant tumors of the larynx, esophagus, lungs. |
Carbon monoxide (carbon monoxide)- a product of burning tobacco. It makes up 8% of tobacco smoke and is 200 times more active than oxygen in being absorbed by hemoglobin. | In smokers, carbon monoxide combines with the blood, taking the place of oxygen and causing oxygen starvation. The brain suffers the most from lack of oxygen. Carbon monoxide has a toxic effect on nerve cells and disrupts the passage of nerve signals through them. To provide the organs with oxygen, the heart works harder. Gradually it increases in volume and wears out. | Memory deterioration, decreased intelligence, exacerbation of mental illness, headaches, decreased sensitivity. Angina pectoris, arrhythmia. Myocardial infarction, cardiac asthma. Damage to the walls of the coronary arteries supplying the heart leads to heart attacks. Pneumonia. |
Carcinogens: benzene, cadmium, aminobiphenyl, beryllium, arsenic, nickel, chromium. | They penetrate the cell and damage the genetic material contained in the nucleus. As a result, the risk of the formation of malignant cells, which give rise to cancerous tumors, increases. Penetrating through the placenta, they cause mutations in the fetus. | Cancer of the lip, tongue, larynx, esophagus, stomach, lungs. Physical and mental abnormalities in a child. |
Hydrocyanic acid(hydrogen cyanide) is a toxic substance that interferes with the absorption of oxygen in tissues. | Impairs the supply of oxygen to tissues, disrupting its transmission from hemoglobin to the cell. Has a toxic effect on the nervous system. Together with ammonia, nitrogen dioxide and formaldehyde, it disrupts the functioning of the ciliated epithelium of the bronchi, which is responsible for the self-cleaning of the respiratory tract. This leads to the accumulation of tobacco tar in the lungs. | Mental abilities deteriorate. Increases the risk of heart attack. Emphysema. |
Arsenic- deadly poison. | Has a toxic effect on the kidneys, digestive and nervous systems. Damages the genetic material of cells, causing mutations and the development of malignant tumors. | Abdominal pain, diarrhea or constipation. Loss of strength and muscle weakness. Cardiovascular failure. Depression of the central nervous system, deterioration of thinking and memory. Cancerous tumors. |
Radioactive components: lead-210, polonium-210, potassium-40, radium-226, thorium-228 and cesium-134. | They are absorbed into the blood and spread throughout the body, becoming an internal source of radioactive radiation. Radioactive isotopes contribute to cell mutation and the appearance of cancerous tumors. In the first trimester of pregnancy, they cause abnormalities in the development of the fetus. | They provoke asthma. Toxic effects on the kidneys. May contribute to the development of toxic nephropathy. Makes bones brittle, leading to osteoporosis and an increased risk of fractures. Abortion. Cancerous tumors. |
Free radicals very active oxygen molecules lacking one electron. | Once in the body, they take an electron from the molecules that make up the cells of the body, thereby damaging them and causing oxidative stress. | Premature aging of the skin, other organs and tissues. Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease. Heart disease, atherosclerosis, phlebitis, thrombosis. Chronic lung diseases. Cancerous tumors. |
Nitrosamines highly toxic nitrogen compounds that are formed from tobacco alkaloids. | They change the structure of the DNA molecule and lead to the growth of cancer cells. | Malignant tumors of the thyroid gland, esophagus and lungs. |
The main danger is that most of the substances found in tobacco are not eliminated from the body, but accumulate in it. Thus, the more cigarettes you smoke and the longer your smoking history, the more harmful ingredients affect you. For example, if you smoke for more than 10 years, the likelihood of lung cancer and adenoma increases 5 times. Therefore, the sooner you give up this harmful habit, the higher the chance of maintaining health.
What are the harms of smoking?
Deterioration of skin condition. Tobacco smoke contains a large number of free radicals. They damage the molecules that make up skin cells, leading to premature aging. Vasospasm, which occurs 30-90 minutes after smoking one cigarette, disrupts skin nutrition and slows down collagen formation by 40%. Due to a deficiency of elastic fibers, the skin takes on a flabby, wrinkled appearance and a grayish tint.Development of caries. The flow of hot air with resin particles damages tooth enamel. It turns yellow and becomes covered with microcracks. Gradually, the cracks increase in size and bacteria and acids penetrate into them, destroying the deeper layers of the tooth and causing caries. This leads to the fact that 45% of smokers over 65 years of age are missing teeth. Among non-smokers this figure is 2 times lower.
Inflammatory diseases of the respiratory system. Tobacco smoke, saturated with caustic particles, irritates the mucous membrane of the mouth, larynx, trachea and bronchi, causing its atrophy. It becomes thin and performs its protective functions worse. The villous epithelium, which is supposed to remove foreign particles and microorganisms, does not cope with its task. The lungs become clogged, creating favorable conditions for bacteria to multiply. Therefore, smokers often suffer from bronchitis and pneumonia. Thus, 90% of people who have smoked for more than 7 years suffer from “smoker’s bronchitis.”
Chronic pulmonary emphysema. Tobacco tar is deposited in the small bronchi and alveoli of the lungs. This substance leads to cell destruction. The small bronchioles collapse and when you exhale, the pressure in the lungs increases sharply. The walls of the alveoli become thinner and collapse, leading to the formation of cavities. The lung tissue ceases to be elastic and stretches, which leads to an increase in the volume of the chest. Gas exchange in the lungs is disrupted. They do not sufficiently enrich the blood with oxygen, and the body experiences oxygen starvation. According to statistics, 9 out of 10 people with emphysema are smokers. The disease develops over 10-15 years if you smoke a pack of cigarettes a day.
Peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum. Smoking reduces the production of saliva, which partially neutralizes the effect of hydrochloric acid in the stomach. Tobacco smoke causes the secretion of digestive juices in the stomach and small intestine, even when there is no food there. Active substances corrode the mucous membrane of the digestive organs, leading to the appearance of erosions. These minor injuries do not heal, but turn into ulcers due to deterioration of blood supply and decreased immunity. Therefore, gastric ulcers occur 2 times more often in smokers than in their peers.
Poisoning of the nervous system. Nicotine is a poison that has a toxic effect on the nervous system. This toxin affects the nervous system: the brain and the cells of the intermediate nerve ganglia, which control the functioning of internal organs. Nicotine disrupts the passage of nerve impulses from the brain to organs and muscles. This leads to a decrease in all types of sensitivity. Smokers do not sense taste and aroma as clearly, their sense of touch is impaired, and they often experience chills. Violation of nervous regulation leads to digestive disorders: constipation and painful intestinal spasms.
Stroke. In smokers, the risk of ischemic stroke (associated with poor circulation) increases by 2 times. This is the result of a sharp narrowing of the blood vessels in the brain or blockage of one of them by a blood clot. Weakness of blood vessels and a short-term increase in blood pressure during smoking cause a rupture of a vessel, accompanied by hemorrhage in the brain - hemorrhagic stroke. It occurs 4 times more often in people who smoke than in their peers.
Cancerous tumors. Carcinogenic components of tobacco smoke penetrate the blood and spread throughout the body. They damage the DNA of cells. Such cells with altered genetic material become the basis of a cancer tumor. Suppression of the immune system leads to the body producing insufficient killer cells. Their task is to recognize and destroy mutated cells. In smokers, this mechanism of protection against cancer is impaired, and they often become victims of cancer. So 90% of lung cancer cases are caused by smoking. Cancer often affects other organs: lips, larynx, esophagus, stomach, liver, kidneys, prostate, rectum, pancreas and thyroid glands.
Osteoporosis. Tobacco toxins stimulate the production of two proteins that are responsible for leaching calcium from bones. These substances activate osteoclast cells, which are responsible for the destruction of old bone tissue. Therefore, in smokers, bones are destroyed faster than they are restored.
Vascular dysfunction. Under the influence of tobacco combustion products, the walls of blood vessels become dense, insufficiently elastic, brittle and covered with cracks. The content of cholesterol in the blood increases, which is deposited on the walls in the form of atherosclerotic plaques. They narrow the lumen of the vessel. The likelihood of a blood clot and inflammation of the vein wall around it increases. The rupture of a blood clot can cause sudden death. The narrowing of the coronary vessels that supply the heart causes the development of coronary heart disease and heart attack.
Obliterating endarteritis. In smokers, blood flow in the extremities is reduced by 35-40%. The reason lies in chronic vasospasm and the deposition of atherosclerotic plaques on the walls of blood vessels. In addition, disruption of the conduction of nerve impulses leads to a decrease in sensitivity. The disease begins with rapid fatigue and intermittent claudication. Later, deprived of blood supply and innervation, the tissues die and gangrene begins.
Slow wound healing. Poor blood circulation and decreased metabolism lead to the fact that skin cells do not divide actively enough. As a result, wound healing occurs more slowly. It has been noticed that smokers have a 50% greater width of the scar formed at the site of surgical sutures.
Blurred vision and tearing caused by the irritating effects of tobacco smoke and optic nerve atrophy. With increased sensitivity, smokers may experience swelling of the eyelids. Constriction of the vessels of the eyeball disrupts the functions of the retina, leading to the death of its cells, which negatively affects visual acuity.
Sexual problems. Premature ejaculation, decreased potency, deterioration in sperm quality - these problems are associated with impaired blood supply to the genital organs. Due to vasoconstriction and damage to the arteries, blood flow to the penis is impaired, which reduces the quality of erection. The sperm of smokers are not motile enough and are less capable of fertilization, as they have been exposed to nicotine and other substances. If the fusion of the egg and the sperm damaged by nicotine does occur, then the fetus is less likely to attach to the wall of the uterus.
What are the social and psychological reasons for smoking?
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Sociologists conducted research to identify the social and psychological reasons for smoking. Young people were asked “Why did you start smoking?” Opinions were divided approximately this way.
Curiosity 40%. The thought periodically arises in the minds of most non-smokers: “What kind of pleasure does a smoking person get, what sensations does he get?”
Desire to join the company - 20%. A person is driven by the fear of becoming an outcast in a smoking company. This applies to both groups of teenagers and adults who have joined a new team. It seems that the most important issues are resolved in the smoking room. And whoever does not smoke remains outside of public life.
Peer pressure - 8%. Peers who smoke often encourage them to “try it” and ridicule those who do not smoke.
Stress relief - 6%. The life of teenagers is full of stress, internal conflicts and quarrels with others. Their nervous system is not yet stable and young people resort to smoking to relax.
Psychologists who study nicotine addiction identify a number of other socio-psychological reasons.
- Self-affirmation in the eyes of peers, the desire to become cooler.
- The desire to be an adult. Prove your “maturity” to yourself and others.
- Extra fun. They start smoking in a comfortable situation: on vacation with friends, drinking alcoholic beverages.
- Nothing to do with myself. Smoking helps pass the time and replaces computer games.
- Make an impression and meet expectations. To create a tough guy image, young people have to smoke.
- According to Freud, smoking is a consequence of “oral fixation.” Up to a year, all pleasant moments are associated with sucking. If for some reason you deprive him of a child, then psychological trauma remains for life and oral fixation occurs. An adult who has experienced such a situation continues to suck a pen, bite his nails or smoke.
- The pleasure of the process, playing with a cigarette, the opportunity to purchase beautiful accessories: ashtrays, lighters, releasing smoke in rings.
- Increased concentration and performance. The first 15-20 minutes after smoking a cigarette, the brain works more productively. Some use this effect to improve performance.
- Conditioned reflex. For some, taking a break from work, drinking alcohol, or drinking coffee may be associated with smoking. A person reaches for a cigarette only in these situations.
- Fear of gaining weight. Smoking activates metabolism. Therefore, people who try to lose excess weight at any cost resort, among other things, to smoking.
- Lack of awareness about the dangers of smoking. So most young women do not know how dangerous smoking is for their future offspring.
- Heredity. There is a theory that if a mother smoked during pregnancy, then her child, as he matures, will be prone to smoking, as he constantly experiences a lack of nicotine.
Smoking ban law
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- protect non-smoking citizens from the effects of passive smoking;
- protect young people from the temptation to join the ranks of smokers;
- help those who already smoke to get rid of the bad habit.
What methods are used to combat smoking, according to the law?
- Ban on smoking in public places, which came into force on June 1, 2014. Smoking is prohibited in workplaces, in areas where teaching, treatment and various services are provided. The ban applies to trains, platforms, stations, airports, restaurants, clubs, beaches, playgrounds, stairwells of apartment buildings, and places of trade. Smoking a cigarette is allowed only in specially designated areas or rooms equipped with ventilation. Although such restrictions caused a storm of indignation among the smoking part of the population, they still helped to significantly reduce the number of cigarettes smoked.
- Rising prices for cigarettes. Minimum prices for cigarettes have been established and excise taxes on tobacco products have increased. The government believes that a standard pack of cigarettes should cost at least 55 rubles in order for the demand for them to decrease significantly.
- Marking on a pack of cigarettes. Each pack must contain truthful information about the content of nicotine and other harmful substances, as well as one of the warning labels about the dangers of smoking. They are placed on the front side and occupy 50% of the area. The inscription on the back of the pack must occupy at least 30%.
- Information fight against smoking. Education should be carried out in the family, at school and at work, as well as in the media. The goal is to teach people to take care of their health and provide comprehensive information about the dangers of smoking.
- Ban on tobacco advertising. Commercials and promotions aimed at promoting smoking or any brand of tobacco products are prohibited. Smoking is prohibited in films and programs for children. But in programs for adult audiences, smoking scenes should be accompanied by captions with anti-advertising.
- Medical assistance aimed at combating nicotine addiction. Doctors are required to diagnose smokers with psychological and physical dependence on nicotine. It is the duty of the health worker to explain to the person what risks he is exposed to and help him get rid of the bad habit.
- Restriction of trade in tobacco products and prohibition of illicit trade. Tobacco products can now only be sold in stores or trade pavilions. It is prohibited to place packs of cigarettes on display. Instead, there should be an alphabetical list indicating prices, but without product logos or other advertising elements. It is prohibited to sell cigarettes one hundred meters from educational institutions. Trading is prohibited at train stations, service enterprises, in premises occupied by authorities and organizations working with youth.
- Protecting children from tobacco use. It is prohibited to sell cigarettes to minors. Therefore, the seller has the right to demand a passport to ensure that he is not committing a crime.
How to quit smoking?
E-Sigs
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- light indicator – imitates the fire of a cigarette;
- battery that powers the cigarette;
- steam generator - a spraying device that creates steam;
- a replaceable cartridge that contains a liquid that determines the taste of the vapor. One cartridge replaces a pack of regular cigarettes.
When you take a puff, air flows through the steam generator and produces aromatic vapor made up of tiny particles of smoking liquid. Its advantage over a regular cigarette is the absence of tobacco combustion products: tars, carcinogens. In addition, those around you do not suffer from tobacco smoke.
Electronic cigarettes are considered by some to help people quit smoking. It can help reduce physical dependence on nicotine. In the initial stages, e-cigarette liquid with a high nicotine content is used. After some time, it is replaced with another liquid with a lower nicotine content. Thus, they are gradually switching to nicotine-free filler.
Negative aspects of electronic cigarettes
Experts say that these devices are no less harmful than traditional tobacco products. It is possible that they are much more dangerous than expected.
Facts about the dangers of electronic cigarettes:
To create liquids, synthetic components and flavors are used that penetrate deep into the lungs. Regular inhalation of such substances can lead to bronchial asthma and other undesirable consequences.
It has been proven that vapor contains glycerin and its esters, propylene glycol, combustion products of flavorings and substances emitted by the materials from which the cigarette is made. These components are harmful to health, they have a toxic effect on the body and cause kidney pathologies.
Smoking is a bad example for children. They don't care what their parents smoke. Therefore, there is a high risk that children will become addicted to this bad habit.
WHO experts propose banning the use of electronic cigarettes until serious clinical trials are carried out and a law regulating their production is finalized.
In Russia, from June 1, 2013, the sale of electronic cigarettes is prohibited in accordance with the smoking ban law. These devices fit the description of “imitation tobacco products” and are therefore subject to the ban.
Medicines to help you quit smoking
Drug name | Mechanism of action | Reception scheme |
Nicotine-like drugs for the treatment of persistent physiological nicotine dependence | ||
Tabex (Cytisine) | The drug contains a substance of plant origin – cytisine. It activates the respiratory center, increases adrenaline levels and excites the nervous system. Tabex has a nicotine-like effect. This allows you to alleviate unpleasant symptoms after quitting smoking, improve concentration and improve performance without cigarettes. Cytisine binds to the same receptors as nicotine. Therefore, if you smoke while taking the drug, nicotine remains in the blood in an unbound state and causes unpleasant sensations: nausea, dizziness. This makes you want to quit smoking completely. | For the first three days, take 1 tablet 6 times a day, every 2 hours during the daytime. They take a break at night. The less you smoke during this period, the better your health. 4-12 days of treatment - 5 tablets per day. One every 2.5 hours. 13-16 days – 4 tablets, with a break of 3 hours. 17-20 – 3 tablets per day. One at an interval of 5 hours. Days 21-25, 1-2 tablets per day. If it is not possible to reduce the craving for smoking, then treatment is suspended and repeated after 2-3 months. |
Lobelin | Lobeline is a plant alkaloid obtained from Indian tobacco leaves. It has the same stimulating properties as nicotine, but without the harmful properties. Lobeline binds to nicotine-sensitive receptors and reduces the withdrawal syndrome that occurs after quitting cigarettes. It reduces irritability and headaches and improves performance. | Take 10-15 drops or 1 tablet 4-5 times a day. The course of treatment is 7-10 days, in some cases it can be extended to 3 weeks. For long-term treatment, the drug is used 2-3 times a day. |
Gamibazin (Anabasine) | A substance of plant origin similar in properties to nicotine. Stimulates the respiratory and vasomotor centers in the brain. The active ingredient, anabasine, is found in leafless barnyard grass. It connects to nicotine-sensitive receptors. Therefore, in order not to cause poisoning, it is necessary to stop smoking during treatment. | Pills. Days 1-5 – 8 tablets per day. Dissolve under the tongue. Days 6-12 – 6 tablets per day. Subsequently, every 3 days the dose is reduced by one tablet. The total duration of treatment is 25 days. Chewing gum. This form can be used if you decide to quit smoking immediately or to reduce the number of cigarettes you smoke. For the first 5 days of treatment, 1 rubber band 4 times a day. It must be chewed and placed behind the cheek. When the bitterness and tingling sensation passes, chew the gum a little and place it behind your cheek again. Thus, nicotine will be released in small portions. Every 3-4 days the dose is reduced by 1 gum. The course of treatment is 12 days. Film. The film is glued to the gum or inner surface of the cheek. For the first 3-5 days, use 4-8 films per day. From the 5th to the 8th day 3 times a day. Then the dose is reduced every 4 days. The course of treatment is 15 days. |
Nicotine patch Nicorette Analogues: nicotine patches Nikoderm, Nicotrol, Habitrol, Nikquitin. | The patch consists of a translucent synthetic material and contains nicotine. Its use allows you to get rid of withdrawal syndrome. Eliminates sleep disturbances, increased appetite, irritability, decreased attention. In order to get rid of addiction, it is necessary to gradually reduce the dose of nicotine. For this purpose, 3 types of patches are available with high, medium and low nicotine content. | For people with high nicotine dependence (up to 2 packs of cigarettes per day), the following regimen is recommended:
The patch is applied to clean, dry skin in the morning and removed in the evening. In order for nicotine to be absorbed smoothly, there should be no thick hair on the skin. |
Nicotine-free drugs are used in people with less than 5 years of smoking experience | ||
Champix | The active substance blocks receptors, making them insensitive to nicotine. As a result, a person stops enjoying smoking. There are unpleasant sensations associated with intoxication of the body. | Days 1-3: 1 tablet at a dosage of 0.5 mg. 4-7 days: 2 tablets of 0.5 mg. From day 8 you must stop smoking. From this moment on, take 2 tablets (1 mg each) for 11 weeks. |
Wellbutrin (Bupropion) (Zyban) | An antidepressant used to combat nicotine addiction. It has a stimulating effect on the psyche, accelerates the release of energy in cells, increases libido, and promotes weight loss. It also relieves anxiety and depression that can accompany quitting smoking. | From the 1st to the 7th day, 1 tablet after meals. After this, take 2 tablets per day. Duration of treatment is 7-9 weeks. |
Remember that all of the drugs listed are medications, have contraindications and can cause side effects. Therefore, be sure to consult with your doctor which remedy and in what dosage is right for you.
Psychological help to quit smoking
90% of smokers try to get rid of nicotine addiction on their own. To do this, it is enough to make a firm decision and create sustainable motivation for yourself.Think about which of the consequences of smoking scare you most. There are a lot of them:
- Gangrene and leg amputation;
- Cancerous tumors;
- Lung decomposition;
- Sudden death due to stroke or heart attack;
- Asthma and bronchitis in children who become victims of passive smoking.
Get yourself a piggy bank. Set aside the amount you spent on smoking every day. Periodically give yourself nice gifts with the money you save.
Don't look for signs of withdrawal symptoms. Studies have shown that the likelihood of developing withdrawal syndrome is not that high. If you nevertheless notice that your memory has deteriorated and it has become more difficult to concentrate, then take tincture of ginseng or eleutherococcus. These natural stimulants, no worse than nicotine, activate the nervous system and metabolic processes, and in addition will help to quickly cleanse the body of toxins.
Who can help in the fight against nicotine addiction?
For individual or group psychotherapy, you can contact a drug treatment clinic or a psychologist who specializes in addiction recovery. Statistics say that psychotherapeutic assistance increases the chances of success by 1.5 times.
Get help from a psychotherapist for free possible in state and municipal medical institutions. A prerequisite is a referral from your attending physician from the clinic. In addition, free consultations are available at rehabilitation centers.
Paid consultations can be obtained from public medical institutions without a referral. And also in non-state psychiatric and psychoneurological institutions and with a private practicing psychotherapist.
Many effective psychological techniques have been developed to help people quit smoking.
- Methodology of Vladimir Zhdanov
The technique is known as “Four Stinking Breaths.” Its goal is to cause a lasting aversion to smoking. To do this, you need to taste the tobacco smoke and chew it.
When you want to smoke, do not inhale the smoke into your lungs, but hold it in your mouth. Throw back your head, close your nose, and chew the smoke intensively with your mouth closed. After 20 seconds, a nasty taste will appear in your mouth. Continue chewing for another 10 seconds and then push the smoke into your lungs. Unpleasant sensations and the urge to cough will appear - this is due to the activation of receptors that are designed to protect you from tobacco smoke. To consolidate the result, take 2 more puffs of “chewed” smoke.
Fourth inhale – inhale with full lungs. After this, cough out the smoke, tensing your abdominal muscles. Then write down on the packet the date and time you took 4 stinky breaths. After this you can't smoke. If the desire to inhale becomes irresistible, then repeat the technique of chewing smoke.
Video lectures by Professor Zhdanov help strengthen motivation. They act in two directions: they clearly demonstrate the harm from smoking and create the necessary psychological mood.
- Allen Carr "The Easy Way to Quit Smoking"
The technique was developed more than 30 years ago. Statistics say that every year it helps 1 million people quit smoking. The purpose of the technique is to help a person quit smoking without exerting willpower, drugs or other aids.
The essence of the technique is outlined in the book of the same name. This method can be briefly described in 2 points.
- Make a firm, conscious decision that you will never smoke again.
- Enjoy your new life and don't get depressed.
- Smoking code
This method is based on hypnotic suggestion and bio-electrical influence on the subconscious. Coding helps develop a conditioned reflex against smoking.
The purpose of coding is to instill in a person an aversion to smoking. Coding is carried out by psychologists and psychotherapists. In some cases, priests and traditional healers use this method.
You can only code a person who has already decided to quit smoking. In the event that he came following the persuasion of relatives, then the effect of coding will be short-lived. Another condition for successful coding is the qualifications of a specialist.
Hypnosis and acupuncture help enhance the effect on the psyche. Some people use the placebo effect successfully. The patient is told that after he has taken a mega-effective drug, he will never have the desire to smoke again. And although the capsule may contain ordinary sugar under the guise of medicine, the idea that there is no longer any craving for tobacco is firmly rooted in the mind.
- Neurolinguistic programming. Swing technique
This technique is based on reprogramming the subconscious. Its goal is to create in the subconscious a vivid image of what you want to become. It is suitable for almost all people and helps to get rid of different types of addiction at the same time. NLP is used by psychologists, but you can get rid of bad habits yourself.
The swing technique consists of five stages.
Stage 1. Answer the questions.
- Why do I smoke?
- How does this change my life?
- What benefits does smoking bring me?
- What will I achieve by quitting smoking?
- What benefits will it bring me if I quit smoking?
Imagine a not very pleasant picture associated with smoking. For example, a yellow bony hand holding a cigarette.
Stage 4. Formation of a “positive image”
Imagine a positive picture of yourself proudly telling your friends that you managed to overcome your addiction.
Stage 5. Changing images.
Imagine a negative image, and then replace it with a positive one. Take a short break and repeat the exercise. Gradually increase the pace of changing pictures. You can accompany them with a wave of your hand or a snap of your fingers. The positive image should become more and more vivid in your mind, and the negative one should dim until it completely disappears.
- Acupuncture
This anti-smoking technique was developed more than 40 years ago by Chinese neurosurgeon H.L. Venom. It is based on the fact that smoking is a conditioned reflex - the path that a nerve impulse travels in the brain. When nervous excitement once again passes along this path, the desire to smoke arises.
The goal of acupuncture is to eradicate this reflex. By influencing reflex points on the auricle or wrist, the specialist interrupts the passage of impulses along the reflex path.
The sessions should be conducted by an experienced reflexologist. Duration of sessions is 20-80 minutes. To obtain lasting results, some people need 2 sessions, while others need 10-20.
Remember that the only condition that will allow you to quit smoking once and for all is your firm and conscious desire to get rid of this bad habit. If you are determined to get rid of addiction, then success will definitely await you!
Smoking code
Smoking is the process of inhaling into the lungs the combustion products of tobacco, other leaves and impurities that make up cigarettes. Is this state natural for humans? Of course not. Otherwise, the child would already be born with a cigarette and smoke.
Smoking affects many people - both those who smoke and those who do not smoke, but who often have to deal with smokers and inhale cigarette smoke (passive smoking). That is, smokers not only do not take care of their own health, but are also indifferent to the health of other people. It’s especially sad when the other people are their children, who often have to inhale the smoke of their parents’ cigarettes. But children are brought up by examples. Parents show them how to live with a cigarette in their hands. And there is a very high probability that the child will start smoking in the future.
In total, about 1/3 of the world's population smokes. The majority of smokers are men. In Russia, about 70% of men and 40% of women smoke. Smoking-related deaths reach 5 million people every year (sometimes more, sometimes less). All people understand that smoking is harmful and shortens their life, leads to health problems, but they still start or continue to smoke (continue to kill themselves). The first cigarette you inhale is very disgusting and makes you feel dizzy. But this does not stop the person (he does not trust his body), he continues to smoke later. And the main reason is that most people smoke and a newcomer to smoking does not want to lag behind the majority (which makes him worse than others). As a result, a person goes against his body, against the abilities inherent in him by nature to understand what is harmful for him and what is useful, and begins to smoke.
Smoking is a conspiracy against people
Until 1493, no one smoked in Europe. It was in this year that tobacco was brought to Europe by Columbus, returning from America. At first, people were hostile to this harmful habit. Smokers were beaten, killed, their nostrils and ears were torn out. But then, gradually smoking began to become fashionable. And the state realized that the taxes paid by organizations engaged in tobacco production and cigarette production are very high, and therefore did not continue to oppose the spread of smoking. Taxes are high because a lot of money is earned from the sale of tobacco and cigarettes. And since a lot is earned from this, there will be a lot of taxes. Therefore, there is some kind of conspiracy here in the fact that there are now many people who smoke on planet Earth. The state, which receives large taxes, is also interested in maintaining smoking; organizations producing tobacco and cigarettes are also interested in this, since they receive large profits.
Even such an innovation as the inscription on cigarette packs that cigarettes kill, practically does not produce results. People knew about it before, and they still know about it now. Why constantly remind about this? And in response to such a statement, a joke arises: I smoke and I’m alive, which means that manufacturers are lying, that smoking kills. It would be much more effective to write something like this on cigarettes: “Become healthy - stop smoking.”
Recently, there has been a trend in developed countries towards a healthy lifestyle, and the number of smokers is gradually decreasing (it is becoming fashionable not to smoke). But in developing countries, the number of smokers, on the contrary, is growing.
Why does a person relax when he smokes?
This is all actually wrong. But the effect of relaxation and euphoria occurs. Here's why. Nicotine, which is part of cigarettes, affects brain cells and dulls their activity, and as a result, a person calms down. And after some seconds, brain activity increases sharply (the brain fights dullness from nicotine) and the person feels an upsurge of strength and peace (there are people who showed better results in . after smoking a cigarette than if they had not smoked (but these are not real athletes who know that cigarettes will ultimately have a bad effect on their well-being and shape)). Having felt such relaxation once, associated with brain fog and then a surge of strength, a person strives to repeat moments of bliss again and continues to smoke. And then smoking becomes a habit for him (it takes at least 21 days to form a habit). And habits are very difficult to break.
Harm of smoking
Smoking is harmful - that's for sure. And we don’t need fairy tales about its benefits. Smoking undermines the functioning of the entire body, and not only causes some kind of disease. In the process of smoking, we inhale tobacco smoke, which contains more than 1000 harmful, poisonous components. And all this gets into the lungs, then into the blood, and spreads throughout the body, delivering these toxic components to our cells and organs. The appearance of some kind of disease associated with smoking means that the organ simply could not cope with neutralizing the harmful effects of tobacco, and, for example, this is how cancer of something arose. Smokers often suffer from lung cancer, stomach cancer, and skin cancer (in particular, lip cancer).
Smoking leads to the following major diseases. Lung diseases – cancer of the lungs, mouth, throat, emphysema, bronchitis and pneumonia. Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract - for example, stomach cancer. Cardiovascular diseases - angina pectoris, arrhythmia, atherosclerosis, heart attacks and strokes, thrombosis. Smoking can lead to deafness, blindness, amputation of lower limbs, nervous diseases and mental disorders.
Smoking can cause malignant tumors of the oral cavity, larynx, esophagus, stomach, pancreas, kidneys, colon, liver, bladder, prostate.
The most obvious consequences of smoking that other people can notice are yellow teeth, yellow nails from tobacco smoke, bad breath and hair, a pale gray complexion and pronounced wrinkles.
The harm of smoking for women. Women who smoke have a much higher risk of having an unhealthy baby than non-smokers. Women who smoke often give birth to children with lower weight, mental retardation, deafness, and physical defects of the limbs. Moreover, it is not a fact that a smoking woman will be able to get pregnant. After all, the poisons contained in a cigarette reach the germ cells. Smoking will also affect the appearance of women: the skin will be more flaccid and faded, there will be more wrinkles.
The harm of smoking for men. Smoking can lead to impotence, infertility, and early ejaculation.
The harm of smoking extends not only to people, but also to our lives in general: fires from an unextinguished cigarette; cigarette butts that litter our streets and premises.
Some religions prohibit smoking (For example, Islam prohibits smoking).
During military operations, snipers can easily spot enemy soldiers by looking at cigarette smoke. Therefore, it is better for soldiers not to smoke, otherwise they can quickly lose their lives, and not wait several years, which happens to people who smoke and do not participate in hostilities, who bring death closer with every cigarette they smoke.
Smoking is harmful to your health, and therefore to your entire life, so give up this harmful habit if you smoke, or never start smoking. Make your conscious choice - are you for health or against your health and well-being?
Smoking is the process of inhaling decay products formed during the smoldering of dried and fermented tobacco leaves. The definition of the term looks harmless enough, but this is far from true. Despite the claims of many smokers about the relative harmlessness of this activity, doctors are confident of the opposite. The extremely negative attitude towards smoking is due to many reasons.
One of them is the understanding that this is the entry into the lungs of many very harmful substances from which cigarettes are made - the remains of burnt tissue paper, tar, carbon monoxide, tar and thousands of other volatile compounds. The result is an explosive mixture with carcinogenic properties.
Just a bad habit or something more?
In fact, the answer to the question of what smoking is is not limited to just a description of the action itself. Most smokers become dependent on cigarettes, both physically and psychologically, so tobacco is considered a drug. The reasons for addiction are basically the following: children and teenagers often start smoking because they want to look “cool” in the eyes of their peers or older friends; someone is simply interested in what smoking is, but quickly gets involved and begins to increase the number of cigarettes they smoke.
At first, stopping nicotine use is quite simple, since addiction at the physiological level has not yet formed.
However, teenagers are afraid of being branded as weaklings and continue to smoke periodically in the company of friends, thereby aggravating the situation.
Today, smoking in children and adolescents under 16 years of age is one of the most global problems that causes concern among doctors and scientists from all over the world. In a fragile body exposed to the harmful effects of tobacco, various pathological processes begin to occur, from delayed physical and mental development to the formation of many diseases.
Many people claim that smoking has a calming effect on them. There is some truth in this statement, but in reality everything is much more complicated. If cigarettes really acted as a sedative, they would be used for medical purposes.
In fact, nicotine, which penetrates into all organs and tissues through the bloodstream, provokes the adrenal glands to release large doses of hormones such as adrenaline and norepinephrine. At first, they are able to strengthen the work of the heart muscle, increasing the level of pressure. At this time, the smoker feels a state of peace and vigor.
However, smoking is a kind of vicious cycle that can be very difficult to break. The effect of nicotine quickly stops, hormonal balance is restored, and the person’s mood worsens again. To increase it, he again grabs a cigarette.
Health implications
Of course, the most dangerous diseases are cancer. Smoking can provoke the development of 9 types of cancer in women and 7 in men. Neoplasms can appear not only in the lungs, but on any mucous membranes, for example, in the mouth or genital area. Here lies the danger of identifying the most terrible type of oncology - melanoma, skin cancer.
In addition, more than 90% of tuberculosis patients can “thank” their addiction for this disease. Moreover, the age level of those affected is rapidly decreasing, since the number of children and adolescents who smoke in the modern world is simply enormous. Non-smoking young men and women often become infected with tuberculosis from relatives and friends who do not know about the disease.
Passive smokers also risk a variety of illnesses from inhaling cigarette smoke.
At the same time, pipes and cigars are no less harmful. They do not contain paper, but the content of toxic resins is much higher. Smoking is extremely dangerous for pregnant women, since toxic toxic substances penetrate the placenta, slowly killing the child.
One of the negative consequences of nicotine use is the effect on blood thickness, which can slow blood flow, reduce oxygen supply and form blood clots. Blockage of veins and blood vessels leads to an increased risk of heart attacks, strokes and blockage of the aorta, which is almost always fatal. Thick blood stretches the venous walls, disrupting their tone and causing the development of varicose veins.
Conclusion
To the question of what smoking is, there is a clear answer - it is poison. Getting rid of nicotine addiction is difficult, but quite possible. The main thing is to realize how serious harm a smoker causes to his health, shortening his life by years. Nowadays, there are many means to help overcome a bad habit both on a psychological and physiological level.
In addition to all these factors, the psyche of a smoker is seriously affected by chronic intoxication, which causes an increasing craving for smoking. The nervous system becomes unstable, a person is constantly irritated, angry, and aggressive, which gradually has a detrimental effect on relationships with friends, relatives and colleagues, so it is better not to start smoking at all, but to get rid of the slowly killing habit as soon as possible.